2025年墨西哥从中国进口化肥量飙升124% Mexico's imports of fertilizer from China surged by 124% in 2025

2025年，墨西哥化肥进口结构出现明显调整。数据显示，墨西哥从中国进口的化肥量较2024年翻番，同时大幅减少从俄罗斯和美国的进口，这主要与美墨贸易关系持续紧张有关。

In 2025, Mexico's fertilizer import structure underwent a significant adjustment. Data shows that Mexico's fertilizer imports from China doubled compared to 2024, while imports from Russia and the United States decreased substantially, mainly due to the continued tension in US-Mexico trade relations.

墨西哥国家海关总署（ANAM）统计显示，2025年墨西哥化肥进口总量为379.8万吨，较2024年的371.3万吨微增2.3%。其中俄罗斯与中国仍是主要供应国，合计进口量达216.1万吨，占总进口量的56%。

According to statistics from the Mexican National Customs Service (ANAM), Mexico's total fertilizer imports in 2025 amounted to 3.798 million tons, a slight increase of 2.3% compared to 3.713 million tons in 2024. Russia and China remained the main suppliers, with combined imports reaching 2.161 million tons, accounting for 56% of total imports.

具体国别看，进口来源占比变化明显：从俄罗斯进口量下降16%，从141.1万吨降至117.9万吨；从中国的进口量则大幅增长124%，由43.9万吨跃升至98.2万吨。阿曼成为第三大供应国，对墨出口化肥34.1万吨。美国则退居第四，供应量仅27.5万吨。

Looking at specific countries, the changes in the proportion of import sources are significant: imports from Russia decreased by 16%, from 1.411 million tons to 1.179 million tons; while imports from China surged by 124%, from 439,000 tons to 982,000 tons. Oman became the third largest supplier, exporting 341,000 tons of fertilizer to Mexico. The United States fell to fourth place, supplying only 275,000 tons.

墨西哥农业市场咨询集团（GCMA）指出，该国化肥产业存在结构性短板，缺乏生产、能源及成本优势，难以实现自给自足。目前约75%的化肥依赖进口，成为影响农业生产成本的重要因素。

The Mexican Agricultural Market Consulting Group (GCMA) points out that the country's fertilizer industry suffers from structural weaknesses, lacking advantages in production, energy, and cost, making it difficult to achieve self-sufficiency. Currently, approximately 75% of fertilizers are imported, becoming a significant factor affecting agricultural production costs.

为降低对外依赖，墨西哥政府正通过两项主要战略提升国内产能：一是修复国有石化工厂；二是持续推广2019年启动的“肥料福祉计划”，该计划最初覆盖格雷罗州27.8万名生产者，现已扩展至全国所有32个州，旨在逐步构建可持续的肥料供给体系。

To reduce dependence on foreign sources, the Mexican government is boosting domestic production capacity through two main strategies: first, restoring state-owned petrochemical plants; and second, continuing to promote the Fertilizer Welfare Program, launched in 2019. This program initially covered 278,000 producers in Guerrero and has now expanded to all 32 states, aiming to gradually build a sustainable fertilizer supply system.

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