1月31日，英国将正式脱欧！
接下来，英国将获得为期一年的脱欧过渡期。根据脱欧协议规定，英国从现在起至2020年12月31日可以与欧盟保持原有的贸易与旅游关系，但双方在过渡期间仍需要继续针对长远关系协定进行协商。
从1973年英国加入欧盟前身欧共体开始至今，英国和欧盟之间可谓同床异梦46年，终于以分手告终。投票结果出来之后，相比欧洲大陆国家的恋恋不舍，英国人则是在庆祝欢呼。英国”脱欧党“领袖、欧洲议会议员奈杰尔·法拉奇(Nigel Farage)甚至在高呼：“我们终于脱欧了！我们永远不会回来！"
On January 31, Britain will officially leave the EU!
Next, the UK will have a one-year transition from Europe. According to the provisions of the brexit agreement, the UK can maintain the original trade and tourism relationship with the EU from now until December 31, 2020, but the two sides still need to continue to negotiate for a long-term relationship agreement during the transition period.
From 1973, when Britain joined the European community, the predecessor of the European Union, it has been 46 years since Britain and the European Union shared a different dream, and finally ended up breaking up. After the results came out, compared with the European countries, the British were celebrating and cheering. Nigel Farage, leader of the brexit party and member of the European Parliament, even shouted: "we are finally out of Europe! We will never come back! "
欧洲议会批准英国脱欧协议
北京时间1月30日，欧洲议会全体会议投票通过英国“脱欧”协议，使英国脱离欧盟的程序朝最终完结又迈进一步。
在当天的全体会议上，欧洲议会各党团领袖进行了辩论，多数人表达了对英国脱离欧盟的遗憾。最终，议会以621票赞成、49票反对、13票弃权的结果通过了英国脱欧协议。这也是欧盟完成批准英国脱欧协议的所有法律程序。根据这份协议，英国将在1月31日正式脱离欧盟。
European Parliament approves brexit agreement
On January 30, Beijing time, the plenary session of the European Parliament voted to pass the "brexit" agreement of Britain, which further pushed the process of brexit to the end.
At the plenary meeting of the same day, the leaders of the parties and groups of the European parliament held a debate, and most expressed their regret for Britain's separation from the EU. Finally, Parliament passed the brexit agreement with 621 votes in favor, 49 against and 13 abstentions. This is also all legal procedures for the EU to complete the ratification of the brexit agreement. Under the agreement, Britain will officially leave the EU on January 31.
投票结束后，有人欢呼，有人潸然泪下，议员们在会场内唱起歌曲《友谊地久天长》，以此表达对英国离开欧盟的惋惜，并祝福英国与欧盟之间开始新的友好关系。不少议员不禁激动，边哼曲，边落泪。
欧盟委员会主席、德国人冯德莱恩动情地说：“我们会永远爱你们，我们永远不会远去。”欧洲议会议长萨索利说：“你们离开了欧盟，但你们仍是欧洲的一部分。”
After the vote, some cheered, some wept, and members sang the song "Forever Friendship" in the conference hall to express their regret for the UK leaving the EU, and to wish the UK and the EU start a new friendly relationship. Many members could not help feeling excited, humming and crying.
"We will always love you, and we will never go away," said von drayne, chairman of the European Commission "You have left the EU, but you are still part of Europe," said President sasoli.
当天，法国总统马克龙也对英国离开欧盟表达遗憾。他称英国"脱欧"的日子是"悲伤的一天"，对欧洲来说，这一结果是"失败和教训"。
按照既定程序，英国"脱欧"协议在欧洲议会表决通过后，还需欧洲理事会投票批准。根据这份协议，英国将在1月31日正式脱离欧盟，双方即将围绕未来关系展开谈判。
英国人在欢呼，我们永远不会回来
与这些恋恋不舍的人相比，英国人则是在欢呼。英国”脱欧党“领袖、欧洲议会议员奈杰尔·法拉奇(Nigel Farage)甚至在高呼庆祝：“我们终于脱欧了！我们永远不会回来！"
奈杰尔·法拉奇挥着英国国旗，向欧盟说再见。法拉奇表示：“英国再也不用支付欧盟财政、再也不用参与欧盟司法法庭、再也不用被欧盟指使、再也不用被欧盟霸凌、也再也不用面对费尔霍夫施塔特。我们为何要对这样的结果感到不满？”他表示，我们热爱欧洲，我们只是讨厌欧盟，希望英国退出欧盟将是欧洲计划结束的开始。
On the same day, French President Nicolas macarone also expressed regret that Britain left the EU. He called Britain's "day of brexit" a "sad day" and for Europe the result was "failure and lesson".
According to the established procedure, the brexit agreement needs to be approved by the European Council after being voted by the European Parliament. Under the agreement, Britain will officially leave the EU on January 31, and the two sides will start negotiations on future relations.
The British are cheering, we will never come back
Compared with these reluctant people, the British are cheering. Nigel Farage, leader of the brexit party and member of the European Parliament, even shouted: "we are finally out of Europe! We will never come back! "
Nigel farachi waved the British flag and said goodbye to the European Union. "The UK will no longer have to pay for EU finance, participate in EU judicial courts, be ordered by the EU, be bullied by the EU or face fairhofstadt," farach said. Why should we be dissatisfied with such a result? " 'we love Europe, we just hate the EU and hope that brexit will be the beginning of the end of the European plan,' he said.
英国再也不用支付欧盟财政了，对于余下的欧盟27国来说，英国离开的最直接影响是少了一个“大金主”。英国是仅次于德国的第二大净贡献国，向欧盟缴纳费用远超所得到的返还。
欧洲经济和财政政策研究中心一份研究报告认为，英国退出后，欧盟每年新增100亿欧元左右的资金缺口。要弥补这么大的缺口，欧盟27国要么压缩预算，要么增加缴费，或者两者并行。欧盟预算的一项主要支出是资助经济发展相对落后的成员国，这些国家或将受到英国离去的影响。
比利时国家银行2019年发布研究报告认为，英国“脱欧”后，英欧间贸易成本将显著增加。爱尔兰、荷兰等与英国贸易关系密切的经济体可能受冲击最大。
长期以来，伦敦发挥着国际和欧洲金融中心的作用。随着英国离开欧盟，金融服务机构将不得不在欧盟内重新选址，最有可能获益的是法国巴黎、德国法兰克福、荷兰阿姆斯特丹以及爱尔兰都柏林。但英国全球咨询公司认为，这些城市无法一夜间复制伦敦金融服务业的生态系统，未来落户欧洲的企业不得不面临价格更高的服务和相对较弱的流动性。
此外，失去英国的欧盟经济总量和市场规模将缩小，在进行国际贸易谈判时的筹码和话语权也将削弱。
46年同床异梦走到终点，脱欧进入过渡期
众所周知，在欧洲长达几千年的历史中，英国融入欧洲是特例，英国“光荣孤立”于欧洲大陆之外才是英国的常态。
The UK no longer has to pay for the EU's finances. For the remaining 27 EU countries, the most direct impact of the UK's departure is the loss of a "big gold owner". The UK is the second largest net contributor after Germany, paying far more to the EU than it gets back.
According to a study by the European Centre for economic and fiscal policy research, the EU has created a funding gap of around 10 billion euros a year after the UK's exit. To make up for such a big gap, the 27 EU countries will either reduce their budgets, increase their contributions, or both. One of the major expenditures in the EU budget is to fund member states with relatively backward economic development, which may be affected by the departure of the UK.
According to the research report released by the National Bank of Belgium in 2019, after the "brexit" of the UK, the cost of trade between the UK and Europe will increase significantly. Ireland, the Netherlands and other economies with close trade relations with the UK are likely to suffer the most.
For a long time, London has played the role of an international and European financial center. As the UK leaves the EU, financial services institutions will have to relocate within the EU, most likely benefiting from Paris in France, Frankfurt in Germany, Amsterdam in the Netherlands and Dublin in Ireland. However, the UK's global consulting firm believes that these cities cannot replicate the ecosystem of London's financial services industry overnight, and enterprises settled in Europe in the future will have to face higher price services and relatively weak liquidity.
In addition, the total economic volume and market size of the EU without the UK will be reduced, and the bargaining chip and discourse power in international trade negotiations will also be weakened.
46 years of the same bed and different dreams come to the end, leaving Europe into the transitional period
As we all know, in the thousands of years of European history, Britain's integration into Europe is a special case, and Britain's "glorious isolation" outside the European continent is the normal state of Britain.
图为1973年英国首相爱德华-希思签署英国加入欧洲共同市场协议
The picture shows Britain's accession to the common market agreement signed by British Prime Minister Edward Heath in 1973
事实上，在1973年英国加入欧洲共同市场的时候，民意调查显示，仍然有十分之四的人持反对意见。在1979年，撒切尔夫人担任首相的时候，民意调查显示，至少有一半的选民已经想离开。撒切尔夫人上台后一改早前支持英国加入欧共体的态度，在后来欧共体都柏林峰会上豪言：“把我的钱还给我！”其后，英国内部多次讨论脱离欧盟问题。
如今，英国和欧盟的46年同床异梦走到终点，接下来将进入为期将近一年的脱欧过渡期。根据脱欧协议规定，英国从现在起至2020年12月31日可以与欧盟保持原有的贸易与旅游关系，但双方在过渡期间仍需要继续针对长远计划进行协商。
欧盟首席脱欧谈判代表巴尼耶 (Michel Barnier)说，欧盟与英国的关系，应该保持一种很模糊的关系。巴尼耶说：“欧盟在重要议题上不会做出退让。”但是，值得注意的是，英国“脱欧”引发了欧洲政治地震，不少国家的右翼势力蠢蠢欲动。
有外界分析认为，英国“脱欧”进程一再拖延所耗费的政治资源，以及高度不确定性造成的经济损失，一定程度上遏制了欧盟内的“反欧”势力。但如果英国未来“脱欧”顺畅并取得更好发展，而同时欧盟表现不尽如人意的话，不排除欧盟内部的“反欧”势力再度崛起。欧盟未来依然需要警惕英国“脱欧”带来的多米诺骨牌效应。
英央行维持0.75%利率不变
在欧洲议会批准英国脱欧协议的同时，也是现任英央行行长卡尼最后一次主持议息会议的日子，更是英镑（HYCM代码GBPUSD）的狂欢日。只是，议息会议结果与之前许多人预期降息不一致，会议结果是英国央行维持0.75%利率不变。
In fact, when Britain joined the European Common Market in 1973, polls showed that four out of ten people still opposed it. When Thatcher was Prime Minister in 1979, polls showed that at least half of the electorate wanted to leave. After Thatcher came to power, she changed her earlier attitude of supporting Britain's accession to the European community. Later, at the Dublin summit of the European community, she said: "give me my money back!" Since then, the issue of brexit has been discussed many times within the UK.
Now, 46 years of bedfellowship between Britain and the European Union have come to an end, followed by a nearly one-year transition period out of Europe. According to the provisions of the brexit agreement, the UK can maintain the original trade and tourism relationship with the EU from now until December 31, 2020, but the two sides still need to continue to negotiate long-term plans during the transition period.
Michel Barnier, the EU's chief negotiator for brexit, said the relationship between the EU and the UK should be very vague. "The EU will not give in on important issues," banier said However, it is worth noting that the brexit of Britain has triggered a political earthquake in Europe, and the right-wing forces in many countries are ready to move.
According to external analysis, the political resources and economic losses caused by the repeated delay of the process of brexit have to a certain extent curbed the "anti European" forces in the EU. However, if the brexit is smooth and develops better in the future, and the performance of the EU is not satisfactory at the same time, the rise of "anti European" forces within the EU will not be excluded. The EU still needs to be alert to the domino effect of brexit.
The Bank of England keeps 0.75% interest rate unchanged
At the same time that the European Parliament approved the brexit agreement, it was also the last day when Carney, the current president of the Bank of England, presided over the interest conference, and it was also the carnival day of the British pound (hycm code GBPUSD). However, the result of the meeting is inconsistent with the previous expectations of many people to cut interest rates. The result of the meeting is that the Bank of England maintains the interest rate of 0.75%.
会议结果出来之后，英国富时100指数跌幅有所加大，同期开盘的法国股市和德国股市也出现下跌。
After the outcome of the meeting, the FTSE 100 index in the UK declined slightly, while the French and German stock markets also fell at the same time.
英国脱欧后，对贸易的主要影响
The main impact on trade after brexit
一、不再适用欧盟定制关税（1、 EU custom duty no longer applicable）
欧盟的区域一体化具有关税同盟的性质，对外设置共同的关税，对内实现贸易自由化。这意味着各成员国将关税制定权让渡给欧盟，无法独立与同盟外其他国家进行贸易协定谈判。
脱欧后，中英贸易贸易将根据世界贸易组织（WTO）规则运作，英国会根据本国情况，对中英贸易政策作出一定的调整。
The regional integration of European Union has the nature of Customs Union. It sets common tariffs on foreign countries and realizes trade liberalization at home. This means that each member country transfers the right of tariff making to the EU, and cannot negotiate trade agreements with other countries outside the alliance independently.
After brexit, the trade between China and Britain will be operated according to the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Britain will make some adjustments to the trade policy of China and Britain according to its own situation.
二、货物进出欧盟和英国的通关变复杂（2、 Customs clearance of goods in and out of the EU and the UK has become complicated）
原来欧盟统一的海关体系下，货物进出欧盟无需进行重复通关和纳税手续。脱欧后，英国和欧盟之间将是独立的海关运作体系。原先的欧盟统一HS体系必然会有异动，货物经由双方进出通关手续会比之以前复杂很多。
脱欧成功后，英国将与任何其他非欧盟国家一样，遵守欧盟海关24小时（EU24HR）提前舱单制度。
EU24HR规则要求船公司对挂靠一个或多个欧盟港口的船舶上装载的所有货物向相关海关进行入境摘要申报（ENS）。即所有至欧盟国家以及经由欧盟国家转运或者途中停靠欧盟各港口的货物在船到起运港前必须提交完整准确的ENS信息至船舶挂靠第一个欧盟国家的海关。
Under the unified customs system of the European Union, there is no need for repeated customs clearance and tax payment for goods entering and leaving the European Union. After brexit, there will be an independent customs operation system between the UK and the EU. The original unified HS system of the European Union is bound to change, and the customs clearance procedures for goods passing through both sides will be much more complicated than before.
After the successful brexit, the UK, like any other non EU country, will comply with the EU customs 24 hours (eu24hr) advance manifest system.
Eu24hr requires shipping companies to make entry summary declaration (ENS) to relevant customs for all goods loaded on ships attached to one or more EU ports. That is to say, all goods to EU countries and to EU countries for transshipment or en route to EU ports must submit complete and accurate ENS information to the customs of the first EU country to which the ship is attached before the ship arrives at the port of departure.
三、中国海关和欧盟的AEO互认受到影响（3、 AEO mutual recognition between China Customs and EU is affected）
脱欧后即便英国顺延欧盟和中国的AEO互认，两国仍要进行单独的互认签约，这是最理想的结果。如果英国海关和中国海关磋商有分歧，那双方就得重新启动谈判，导致之前的海关红利消失。
After brexit, even if Britain postpones AEO mutual recognition between EU and China, the two countries still need to sign a separate mutual recognition contract, which is the most ideal result. If there is a disagreement between the British customs and the Chinese customs, the two sides will have to restart the negotiation, leading to the disappearance of the previous customs dividend.
四、EORI号码将在欧盟内失效（4、 Eori number will be invalid in EU）
EORI号码是欧盟国家内凡是有经济活动，尤其是有进出口生意的企业必备的一个登记号，用于识别企业、贸易商或个人申报的每一笔进出口贸易。只要在企业所属国海关登记获得该号码，在全欧盟通用。
Eori number is a necessary registration number for enterprises with economic activities, especially import and export business in EU countries. It is used to identify every import and export trade declared by enterprises, traders or individuals. As long as the number is registered in the customs of the country where the enterprise belongs, it is common across the EU.
成功脱欧后，英国（GB）的EORI号码将在欧盟内失效。英国企业可以预先在其它欧盟国家申请欧盟的EORI号码。在物流公司角度，提醒货主以下几点：
After the successful brexit, the UK (GB) eori number will be invalid within the EU. British enterprises can apply for the EU's eori number in other EU countries in advance. From the perspective of logistics company, remind the owner of the following points:
1、尽快申请欧盟国家的EORI（Apply for eori from EU countries as soon as possible）
很多卖家以前是一个GB开头的EORI在解决整个欧洲清关问题。而欧盟国家的EORI号码是通用且唯一的，所以GB现在就不行了，要尽快申请欧盟国家的EORI，德国市场相对大，建议申请德国EORI，即DE开头的EORI，当然各企业有自身的侧重点，可自行选择申请哪个国家；
Many sellers used to be an eori beginning with GB to solve customs clearance problems throughout Europe. The eori number of EU countries is universal and unique, so GB is not good now. To apply for eori of EU countries as soon as possible, the German market is relatively large. It is recommended to apply for eori of Germany, that is, eori at the beginning of de. of course, each enterprise has its own focus, and can choose which country to apply for;
2、如何申请德国EORI？（How to apply for German eori?）
EORI是向海关申请的，可以线上自行申请，但需要提供本地地址接收EORI通知书，所以建议还是找德国税务代理进行办理。一般来说，申请德国EORI需要1-2周时间，但不排除因需求暴增而导致系统瘫痪处理不过来的情况，就像前不久德国VAT申请遇到的情况一样。申请资料包括：德国本土税务识别号、德国VAT税号、德国税务师事务所等相关信息。
3、清关方案选择与提醒（Customs clearance scheme selection and reminder）
时间紧迫，建议选择空运直发德国渠道的，立刻申请德国EORI，越快越好；走海运渠道的，建议尽量选择监管仓清关，如实在申请过慢，监管仓可以作为过渡期；如果不想在这个非常时刻冒海关风险，比较稳妥的做法可暂时选择用我司欧洲双清渠道转运进入德国。
如果英国在没有达成协议的情况下离开欧盟，那么与欧洲的所有贸易都将按世界贸易组织（WTO）条款进行。在WTO关税下，出口到欧盟的英国商品占出口总额的48％ ，将受到贸易加权平均关税5.7％的限制，而欧盟对英国的出口（占欧盟出口总额的16％）将面临4.3％关税。有研究人员指出：“贸易也存在重大的非关税壁垒，包括海关管制，新的边境检查，特别是对食品和农产品的监管，以及监管壁垒。”
Time is urgent. It is recommended to apply for German eori as soon as possible for those who choose direct air transport to Germany. For those who choose sea transport, it is recommended to choose supervision warehouse for customs clearance as much as possible. If the application is too slow, supervision warehouse can be used as a transitional period. If you do not want to take customs risk at this very moment, you can choose to use our European double clear channel for transshipment into Germany temporarily.
If Britain leaves the EU without an agreement, all trade with Europe will be conducted in accordance with the provisions of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Under the WTO tariff, 48% of the total exports of British goods to the EU will be limited by 5.7% of the trade weighted average tariff, while the EU exports to the UK (16% of the total exports of the EU) will face 4.3% tariff. "There are also significant non-tariff barriers to trade, including customs controls, new border controls, especially for food and agricultural products, and regulatory barriers," said one researcher.