2024年中国不良资产市场报告（英文版）- 大数跨境

2024年中国不良资产市场报告（英文版）

浙商资产金融评论

2025-06-11

2024年中国不良资产市场整体保持稳定，商业银行不良贷款率年初为1.59%，年底略有下降，总额降至3.28万亿元。一级市场交易量同比下降，股份制银行和城商行是主要参与者。二级市场交易量也有所下降，非持牌机构购入了大部分资产，市场竞争进一步加剧。与此同时，线上拍卖活动较为活跃，涉及大量小额债权拍卖，全国网络债权成交的平均本金折扣率相较去年有所下降。个人不良贷款市场增长迅速，交易量显著增加，平安银行及省级资产管理公司表现突出，平均折扣率较低。全国司法拍卖房产数量大幅上升，但市场流动性有所减弱，变现折扣率下降，反映出买家在经济不确定性下更加谨慎的态度。

In 2024, the overall asset quality of China’s banking sector remained stable, with major financial institutions continuing their efforts to dispose of non-performing assets and actively adopting various measures to prevent and resolve financial risks.

At the end of Q1 2024, the NPL ratio of commercial banks stood at 1.59%, unchanged from the end of Q4 2023, reflecting a stable trend. Moving into Q2, the NPL ratio declined by 3 bps quarter-on-quarter, highlighting a positive downward trajectory and representing the banking industry’s progress in risk management.

By the end of Q3, the NPL ratio remained flat quarter-on-quarter, but the absolute NPL balance rose to RMB 3.38 trillion (US$469 billion), up RMB 37.1 billion from the previous quarter. As of the end of 2024, the NPL ratio further declined by 6 bps, while the NPL balance dropped by RMB 97.7 billion to RMB 3.28 trillion.

For the full year, China’s commercial banking sector experienced an increase in NPL balance alongside a decline in NPL ratio, with a gradually slowing pace of reduction. This trend indicates progress in asset quality management but also underscores the need for continued vigilance. Financial institutions are encouraged to refine their NPL disposal strategies to preserve the stability of asset quality.

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