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SAFETY4SEA很近日在其网站上宣布其最新调查体现了航运行业正在向“智能时代”迈进结果。
数字技术正在改变航运业的面貌。许多智能船舶挑战正在革新船舶的航行方式。我们正生活在智能船舶时代；该行业可以从电子航海优势中受益，然而同时，我们也需要控制安全风险。
SAFETY4SEA在2016年第四季度完成了“分享你的智能船舶见解”调查，并评估了航运利益相关者对当前和未来的智能船舶挑战的意识程度，确立了电子海图显示与信息系统（ECDIS和电子航海、网络安全/网路安全、自主船舶和航运业内的未来趋势的本质。
调查显示，航运业数字化正在逼近；这一改革已经从ECDIS和大数据的使用开始。自主船舶在不远的未来就会成为现实，然而，最为重要的一点就是关注船员培训和提高网络安全意识。
前5大智能船舶挑战为：网络安全（40.6%），使用新技术和软件进行船员培训，即虚拟现实和增强现实(Augmented Reality，简称 AR) (33.0%)，能源管理及排放监测(32.1%)，电子航海(31.1%)和ECDIS(29.2%)。
大多数的行业利益相关者（59.6%) 认为全面实施ECDIS存在船员培训不足以及船员对ECDIS型号/类型不够熟悉的风险，然而，一些利益相关者(5.4%)认为ECDIS故障已经对他们的运营产生了影响。
仅19.8%的受访者曾遭受网络攻击，认为对公司造成的影响为无关紧要（小于1000美元）到不重要（3000美元至10000美元）。
大多数的受访者(78.8%)并不认为航运业可以安全地避开网络风险，然而，他们了解该行业已在网络安全方面取得进步且意识度正在提高。
在船上最易受网络攻击的系统：定位系统(56.9%)、ECDIS(50.0%)、主机控制与监测系统(28.4%)、全球海上遇险与安全系统（GMDSS）(22.5%)。航运公司表现出他们更加青睐于使用防火墙(86.9%)，最佳实践协议(49.5%)和入侵检测/预防系统(44.4%)来保护免受网络攻击。被用于他们的船舶的类似措施为：防火墙(76.6%)、最佳实践协议(47.9%)以及入侵检测/预防系统(29.8%)。
41.5%的受访者认为，2030年以后，智能船舶将在航运业中成为一个现实。然而，17.0%的受访者认为该行业离这一天还很遥远，因为人为因素被认为是航运业中最为重要的。
自主船舶或能够在以下行业中成功运用：短途海运/内河航运(29.8%)；集装箱运输(24.0%)和近海活动(13.5%)。而有关使用无人驾驶船舶的前三大风险为：航行风险，即碰撞、搁浅(61.3%)，网络安全/网路安全(51.9%)和失联(46.2%)。
智能船舶有望增强船舶运营，依靠技术发展、充分的船员培训、风险评估和完善的执法，让航运业更加高效，以在全球创造一个公平的竞争环境。
自主船舶运营将定义航运业的未来；然而，首先，重要的一点是解决网络安全问题。尽管该行业已经意识到了有关网络安全和网路安全的风险，以及截至目前所取得的进步，航运业需要更加努力以进一步提高意识度。
尽管已报告少数的网络攻击事件（对受害者造成了微不足道的影响），航运业需要建立一个经验反馈和最佳实践机制。必须报告且调查每一事件，进行根本原因分析，确立预防措施。
对于航运业来说，智能时代确实已经来临，而且在未来几年里，船上人员将更加普遍地使用移动设备和应用程序。培训是让海员跟上新技术步伐的关键。
有关成功的ECDIS运用，建议扩大船员培训以包括更多天数的特定ECDIS类型培训，例如4至5天而非仅仅1天。此外，国际海事组织（IMO）要求将ECDIS作为主要的导航方式使用，诸如航线计划的基本系统。
SAFETY4SEA总编辑Apostolos Belokas说：“这一调查发现了关于航运数字化必须解决的重要方面。航运数字化已经开始，而且通往智能时代的道路上困难重重。无论如何，航运业必须小心谨慎，确保人命安全、资产安全和环境安全。”
本次调查结果还将在2017 SAFETY4SEA论坛暨颁奖典礼上（1月31日星期二）详细公布。
SAFETY4SEA is pleased to announce the results of its survey reflecting industry’s perception with respect to industry’s transition into the ‘smart’ era.
Digital technologies are changing the landscape of shipping industry. Many smart shipping challenges are underway causing a revolution in the way ships are navigating. We are living in the age of connected ship; the industry could benefit from the advantages of e-navigation, however, at the same time, needs to control the safety risks.
SAFETY4SEA conducted ‘Share your Smart Shipping Insights’ survey duringQ4 2016and assessed how maritime stakeholders have realized the current and future smart shipping challenges and have established the nature of ECDIS & e-Navigation, Cyber Safety/ Cyber Security, Autonomous Shipping and Future Trends withi
Survey revealed that digitalization of shipping industry is imminent; the transformation has already started with the implementation of ECDIS and Big Data. Autonomous shipping is right around the corner, however it is of paramount importance to shed focus on crew training and raise cyber awareness.
Survey Key Findings
• The five top rated Smart Shipping Challenges are: Cyber Security (40.6%), Crew Training using new technologies and software i.e. Virtual Reality & Augmented Reality (33.0%), Energy Management & Emissions Monitoring (32.1%), E-Navigation (31.1%) and ECDIS (29.2%)
• The majority of industry stakeholders (59,6%) argue that the inadequate crew training & familiarization with the ECDIS Model/ Type are inherent to full implementation of ECDIS, however few of them (5.4%) believe that ECDIS malfunctions have affected their operations.
• Only 19.8% have been victims of cyber-attack, considering the impact for the company insignificant (<$ 1,000) to minor ($ 3,000 – $ 10,000)
• The majority of the participants (78.8%) doesn’t consider the industry as safe and secure to cyber risks however they acknowledge that progress has been made and awareness is being built
• The most vulnerable to cyber threats systems onboard are: Positioning systems (56.9%), ECDIS (50.0%), Engine Control and Monitoring Systems (28.4%) and GMDSS (22.5%). Shipping companies show their preference to firewalls (86.9%), best practice protocols (49.5%) and intrusion detection/ prevention system (44.4%) to protect against cyber-attacks. Similar measures apply to their ships as well: firewalls (76.6%), best practice protocols (47.9%) and intrusion detection/ prevention system (29.8%).
• 41.5% of the participants believe that autonomous shipping will become a reality for the industry beyond 2030. However, there are 17.0% who think the industry is far away from this vision as human element is considered of paramount importance for shipping.
• Autonomous shipping may be implemented successfully at the following segments: short sea/ inland navigation (29.8%); containers (24.0%) and offshore activities (13.5%). The top three risks associated with the use of unmanned ships include: Navigational Risks i.e. Collision, Grounding (61.3%), cyber safety/ cyber security (51.9%) and loss of communication (46.2%)
Survey Highlights
• Smart shipping is expected to enhance shipping operations making them more efficient and effective depending on technology progress, adequate crew training, risk assessment and enforcement of solid legislation to create a level playing field worldwide.
• Autonomous operations will define industry’s future; however, firstly, it is importantto address cyber security issues. Although the industry has already been aware of the risks associated with cyber safety and security and progress has been made so far, shipping needs to make further efforts to build awareness.
• Although few incidents of cyber-attacks with insignificant impact for the victims have been reported, industry needs to establishmechanism for experience feedback and best practices. Every incident must be reported and investigated for root cause analysis and preventive actions.
• The smart era has certainly come for shipping as it is expected mobile devices and applications to be used widespread by the crew onboard in couple years. Training is the key to keep seafarers up to speed with new technology.
• For successful ECDIS operation, it is recommended crew training to be extended to include more days on Type Specific Training, for example 4-5 days instead of one day at the moment. Furthermore, IMO to enforce ECDIS as primary means of navigation such as the basic system for passage planning.
Apostolos Belokas, Managing Editor, SAFETY4SEA commented: ‘’The survey identifies critical areas that must be addressed with respect to the digitization of shipping. The start has already been made and the pathway to smart era does involve many challenges. In any case, industry has to be cautious to assure safety of life, assets and environment are adequately addressed. “
SAFETY4SEA infographic depicts survey findings and key data. The results of the survey will be further presented at the 2017 SMART4SEA Conference & Awards due on Tuesday 31st of January.
Press Release