中国与土耳其的国家关系

Relations between China and Türkiye

1971年8月4日，中国和土耳其建交。上世纪80年代以来，两国高层互访增多，双边关系发展较快。2010年，中土建立战略合作关系。2015年，两国建立政府间合作委员会机制，负责统筹协调双边政治、经贸、安全、人文等领域合作。2016年，该机制首次会议在土尔其召开。

一、经贸合作：在短短十年间，中国与土耳其的经济贸易关系发展迅猛。目前，两国之间的贸易额已经超过了110亿美元。
二、人文交流：目前，中国与土耳其之间的人文交流日益加强。许多土耳其年轻人选择在中国留学学习，同时，中国也派遣了不少学生和教师赴土耳其。
三、区域安全：中东地区在地缘政治上十分复杂，但中国一直致力于与有关国家建立和平、友好、稳定的关系。近年来，两国在地区安全等问题上的合作也逐渐加强。
四、潜在合作领域：当前，中土之间除了经济合作外，还有许多其他领域的合作潜力，例如陆路和海路的联通、基础设施建设以及军事和科技合作等领域。

因此，土耳其与中国的关系还是非常密切的，无论是在政治或者经济方面，二者都有着紧密合作。无论是土耳其人来中国，或者中国人去土耳其进行留学、旅游、经商，都不必担心因国际关系的变化从而影响到自己。

On August 4, 1971, China and Türkiye established diplomatic relations. Since the 1980s, there has been an increase in high-level visits between the two countries, and bilateral relations have developed rapidly. In 2010, China and Turkey established a strategic partnership. In 2015, the two countries established an intergovernmental cooperation committee mechanism responsible for coordinating and coordinating bilateral cooperation in political, economic, trade, security, cultural and other fields. In 2016, the first meeting of this mechanism was held in Turkey.

1、 Economic and trade cooperation: In just ten years, the economic and trade relations between China and Türkiye have developed rapidly. At present, the trade volume between the two countries has exceeded 11 billion US dollars.

2、 People to people and cultural exchanges: At present, people to people and cultural exchanges between China and Türkiye are increasingly strengthened. Many young people in Türkiye choose to study in China. At the same time, China has sent many students and teachers to Türkiye.

3、 Regional security: The Middle East region is highly complex in terms of geopolitics, but China has always been committed to establishing peaceful, friendly, and stable relations with relevant countries. In recent years, cooperation between the two countries on regional security and other issues has gradually strengthened.

4、 Potential areas of cooperation: Currently, in addition to economic cooperation, there are many other areas of cooperation potential between China and Turkey, such as land and sea connectivity, infrastructure construction, and military and technological cooperation.

Therefore, Türkiye and China have very close relations, both in political and economic aspects, both have close cooperation. Whether Turks come to China or Chinese go to Türkiye to study, travel or do business, they need not worry about the impact of changes in international relations.

土耳其人来华的学习机会与商务机会

Turkish learning  opportunities in China

土耳其学生来华学习机会：

截至2024年，土耳其来中国的留学生人数为1431人‌‌。土耳其教育部对外关系总司司长于纳尔·京多安在接受采访时提到，截至去年底，土耳其赴华留学生人数共有1431人。此外，他指出，近十年来，土耳其学生对中国语言和文化的兴趣越来越浓厚，土耳其教育部正在努力向土耳其学生介绍中国大学，这次的教育展就是一个很好的推介留学中国的机会‌。

同时，土耳其学生来华留学还享有许多优惠政策。例如奖学金，主要包括以下几种‌：

‌中国总领事奖学金‌：这是由中国驻伊斯坦布尔总领馆提供的奖学金项目，旨在鼓励土耳其高校学生学习和研究中国语言和文化，加深中土人文交流。申请范围包括在伊斯坦布尔总领馆领区范围内（伊斯坦布尔省、布尔萨省、科贾埃利省等）就读的中文相关专业学生、孔子学院学生及选修中文课程的学生。评选方法包括本人申请、资格审查和评议终审，申请材料包括身份证件复印件、成绩单、申请表和自荐信等‌。

‌中国政府优秀来华留学生奖学金‌：这是由教育部设立的奖学金项目，旨在提升来华留学生的整体水平。该奖学金面向中国境内所有中国政府奖学金院校的在读二年级及以上的全日制留学生学历生，以激励学生勤奋学习和努力进取。具体申请条件和流程可以参考相关官方公告‌。

‌这些奖学金项目不仅为土耳其留学生提供了经济支持，还促进了中土两国在教育和文化领域的交流与合作，是中国与土耳其关系密切的一种表现。

Opportunities for Turkish students to study in China: 

As of 2024, the number of foreign students from Türkiye to China will be 1431. Yunar Jingduoan, Director of the General Department of Foreign Relations of the Ministry of Education of Türkiye, mentioned in an interview that by the end of last year, there were 1431 Turkish students studying in China. In addition, he pointed out that in the past decade, Türkiye's students have become more and more interested in Chinese language and culture. The Ministry of Education of Türkiye is trying to introduce Chinese universities to Türkiye's students. This education exhibition is a good opportunity to promote studying in China. 

At the same time, Türkiye students also enjoy many preferential policies for studying in China, such as scholarships.

 Chinese Consular General Scholarship: This is a scholarship program provided by the Chinese Consulate General in Istanbul, which aims to encourage Turkish college students to learn and study Chinese language and culture, and deepen people to people and cultural exchanges between China and Türkiye. The application scope includes Chinese related majors, Confucius Institute students, and students taking elective Chinese courses studying within the jurisdiction of the Consulate General in Istanbul (Istanbul Province, Bursa Province, Kocaeli Province, etc.). The selection method includes personal application, qualification review, and final evaluation. The application materials include copies of identification documents, transcripts, application forms, and self recommendation letters.

 Chinese Government Scholarship for Outstanding International Students in China: This is a scholarship program established by the Ministry of Education to enhance the overall level of international students studying in China. This scholarship is open to full-time international students with a second year or higher degree from all Chinese government scholarship institutions within China, in order to motivate students to study diligently and strive for progress. Specific application requirements and procedures can refer to relevant official announcements.

These scholarship programs not only provide economic support for Turkish students, but also promote exchanges and cooperation between China and Türkiye in the fields of education and culture, which is a manifestation of the close relationship between China and Turkey.

土耳其人来华的商务机会

Turkish Business Opportunities in China

土耳其人来华的商务机会：

从当前贸易规模上看，中国是土耳其在亚洲最大的贸易伙伴，也是在世界上的第三大贸易伙伴，超过1200家中国公司持续在土耳其从事工商业活动，超过100家土耳其公司在中国投资兴业。

土耳其人来华签证办理

Turkish visa processing

Basic application materials for Türkiye's tourist visa to China:

(1) Passport: Original passport with at least 2 blank visa pages and 1 copy of passport photo information page, valid for more than 6 months from the date of application. If you have an old passport, please also provide the original passport. 

（2） Visa Application Form and Electronic Photo: Use the "Online Form Filling" function on the Visa Application Center website to fill out the application form and upload an electronic photo. After completing the online form filling, follow the prompts on the page to print out the visa form and sign it. 

（3） Türkiye citizen identity card or residence certificate (applicable to those who apply for a visa not in the country of nationality): If you do not apply for a visa in the country of nationality, you need to provide the original and copy of the valid certificate or visa for legal stay, residence, work and study in Türkiye. The validity of the residence or visa should be longer than six months from the date of your intended entry into China. 

（4） Original Chinese passport or original Chinese visa (applicable to those who previously held Chinese nationality but later acquired foreign nationality): If you are applying for a Chinese visa for the first time, please provide the original Chinese passport and a copy of the passport photo information page. If you have previously obtained a Chinese visa and are applying for a visa with a newly issued foreign passport, please provide the original copy of your old passport, the photo information page of your old passport, and a copy of your previously obtained Chinese visa. If the old passport cannot be provided, the individual must provide a written explanation or company certification for consulate review. If the name recorded on the new passport does not match that on the old passport, please provide proof of name change issued by the relevant authorities. 

（5） Applicants under the age of 18 must provide: 1 Original and photocopy of the birth certificate containing the parents' names (if the birth certificate only shows the mother's name, a marriage certificate or notarized family relationship must be provided); 2. Copies of parents' passports or ID cards; 3. A parental consent letter notarized by the local notary office, issued by the unaccompanied parents, approving their travel. The letter should include information such as the applicant's travel date and their parents' contact information.

 2、 Other application materials

 (1) itinerary materials such as round-trip airfare and hotel bookings, or travel invitation letters issued by domestic units in China. The invitation letter must include the following information: 1. Personal information of the invitee: name, gender, date of birth, passport number, etc; 2. Invited person's itinerary information: arrival and departure dates, tourist destinations, accommodation arrangements, etc; 3. Information of inviting unit or inviter: name of inviting unit or inviter, contact phone number, address, seal of inviting unit, signature of inviting unit's legal representative or inviter, etc. 

（2） Original certificate of no criminal record issued by the police in the place of residence; 

（3） A bank deposit certificate or proof of bank deposit of no less than 10000 lire.