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一、中坦关系：情谊深厚，合作成果丰硕
1、China-tanzania relations: Deep friendship and fruitful cooperation achievements
中国与坦桑尼亚的友谊源远流长，1964 年 4 月 26 日两国正式建交，2022 年建立全面战略合作伙伴关系，开启了双边关系的新篇章。
在经济合作方面，中国是坦桑尼亚最大的贸易伙伴和重要投资来源国。2023 年，中坦双边进出口额达 87.79 亿美元，同比增长 8.9%。中国积极投身坦桑尼亚的基础设施建设，如中央标轨铁路、尼雷尔水电站等重大项目，不仅改善了当地的基础设施条件，还创造了大量就业机会。此外，中国企业在坦桑尼亚的能源、农业、制造业等领域也有广泛投资，推动了坦桑尼亚的经济发展。
人文交流是中坦关系的重要组成部分。中国自上世纪 60 年代起接收坦桑尼亚留学生，迄今已向坦桑尼亚派遣多批医疗队，在坦桑尼亚建立了孔子学院和孔子课堂，促进了中坦两国的文化交流与相互理解。
The friendship between China and Tanzania has a long history. On April 26, 1964, the two countries officially established diplomatic relations. In 2022, a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership was established, opening a new chapter in bilateral relations.
In terms of economic cooperation, China is Tanzania's largest trading partner and an important source of investment. In 2023, the bilateral import and export volume between China and Tanzania reached 8.779 billion US dollars, increasing by 8.9% year-on-year. China has actively participated in infrastructure construction in Tanzania, such as major projects like the Central Standard Gauge Railway and the Nyerere Hydropower Station. These not only improved the local infrastructure conditions but also created a large number of job opportunities. In addition, Chinese enterprises have also made extensive investments in Tanzania's energy, agriculture, manufacturing and other fields, promoting the economic development of Tanzania.
People-to-people and cultural exchanges are an important part of China-Tanzania relations. China has been receiving Tanzanian students since the 1960s. So far, it has dispatched many batches of medical teams to Tanzania, established Confucius Institutes and Confucius classrooms in Tanzania, and promoted cultural exchanges and mutual understanding between China and Tanzania.
二、坦桑尼亚人来华工作机遇
2、Job opportunities
for Tanzanians in China
基础设施建设领域
中国在坦桑尼亚的基础设施建设项目为坦桑尼亚技术人员和专业人才提供了来华学习和工作的契机。参与坦桑尼亚大型基建项目的坦桑尼亚工程师和技术人员，有机会来华参加技术培训和管理交流，学习中国先进的工程技术和管理经验。随着中国企业在海外基础设施项目的不断拓展，这些专业人才也有机会参与其中，在更广阔的舞台上施展才华。
贸易与投资领域
中坦双边贸易的持续增长和投资合作的深化，为坦桑尼亚商人、贸易代表和投资专家带来了更多商务机会。他们可以来华参加各类展会、洽谈会，与中国企业建立联系，寻找商机，拓展业务。同时，坦桑尼亚企业也可以与中国企业合作，共同开展项目，实现互利共赢。在这个过程中，坦桑尼亚专业人士能够积累国际商务经验，提升自身的竞争力。
农业与科技合作领域
农业是中坦合作的重点领域之一。中国在农业技术、农业现代化等方面具有丰富的经验，坦桑尼亚农业从业者可以来华学习先进的农业种植技术、养殖技术、农产品加工技术等，将这些技术带回坦桑尼亚，推动当地农业的发展。在科技领域，中坦双方也在不断加强合作，坦桑尼亚科技人才可以来华参与科研项目合作、学术交流等活动，了解国际科技前沿动态，提升自身的科研能力和创新能力。
The field of infrastructure construction
China's infrastructure construction projects in Tanzania have provided Tanzanian technicians and professionals with opportunities to study and work in China. Tanzanian engineers and technicians participating in large-scale infrastructure projects in Tanzania have the opportunity to come to China for technical training and management exchanges, learning advanced engineering technology and management experience from China. As Chinese enterprises continue to expand their overseas infrastructure projects, these professionals also have the opportunity to participate and display their talents on a broader stage.
The field of trade and investment
The continuous growth of bilateral trade and the deepening of investment cooperation between China and Tanzania have brought more business opportunities to Tanzanian businessmen, trade representatives and investment experts. They can come to China to attend various exhibitions and business negotiation meetings, establish connections with Chinese enterprises, seek business opportunities and expand their business. Meanwhile, Tanzanian enterprises can also cooperate with Chinese enterprises to jointly carry out projects and achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. During this process, Tanzanian professionals can accumulate international business experience and enhance their own competitiveness.
The field of agricultural and technological cooperation
Agriculture is one of the key areas of cooperation between China and Tanzania. China has rich experience in agricultural technology, agricultural modernization and other aspects. Tanzanian agricultural practitioners can come to China to learn advanced agricultural planting technology, breeding technology, agricultural product processing technology, etc., and bring these technologies back to Tanzania to promote the development of local agriculture. In the field of science and technology, China and Tanzania are also constantly strengthening cooperation. Tanzanian scientific and technological talents can come to China to participate in scientific research project cooperation, academic exchanges and other activities, understand the latest international scientific and technological trends, and enhance their own scientific research capabilities and innovation capabilities.
三、坦桑尼亚人来华学习机会
3、Opportunities for Tanzanians to study in China
高等教育
越来越多的坦桑尼亚学生选择来华攻读本科、硕士和博士学位。中国的高校在各个学科领域都具有较高的教学水平和科研实力，能够为坦桑尼亚学生提供系统的专业知识和实践技能培训。此外，中国高校还为学生提供了丰富的学术资源和科研机会，鼓励学生参与科研项目和学术活动，培养学生的创新能力和实践能力。
职业教育与技能培训
除了高等教育，中国还为坦桑尼亚提供了职业教育和技能培训机会。“非洲青年兴乡计划”就是其中的典型代表，该计划为非洲培养乡村创业人才，坦桑尼亚青年可以参与其中，学习绿色农业和乡村旅游等领域的创新创业知识和技能，为坦桑尼亚的乡村发展贡献力量。
语言与文化学习
中国在坦桑尼亚建立的孔子学院和孔子课堂为坦桑尼亚民众学习汉语、了解中国文化提供了重要平台。同时，也有许多坦桑尼亚学生选择来华进行语言学习和文化交流。他们可以在中国的语言学校、高校等机构学习汉语，参加各种文化活动，深入体验中国的传统文化和现代生活，提升自己的语言能力和跨文化交流能力。
Higher education
More and more Tanzanian students choose to come to China to pursue undergraduate, master's and doctoral degrees. Chinese universities have a high level of teaching and research strength in various disciplines, and are able to provide systematic professional knowledge and practical skills training for Tanzanian students. In addition, Chinese universities offer students abundant academic resources and research opportunities, encourage them to participate in research projects and academic activities, and cultivate their innovative and practical abilities.
Vocational education and skills training
In addition to higher education, China has also provided vocational education and skills training opportunities for Tanzania. The "African Youth Rural Revitalization Program" is a typical representative among them. This program aims to cultivate rural entrepreneurship talents for Africa. Tanzanian youth can participate in it, learn the knowledge and skills of innovation and entrepreneurship in fields such as green agriculture and rural tourism, and contribute to the rural development of Tanzania.
Language and culture learning
The Confucius Institutes and Confucius classrooms established by China in Tanzania provide an important platform for the Tanzanian people to learn Chinese and understand Chinese culture. Meanwhile, many Tanzanian students also choose to come to China for language study and cultural exchange. They can study Chinese in institutions such as language schools and universities in China, participate in various cultural activities, deeply experience traditional Chinese culture and modern life, and improve their language proficiency and cross-cultural communication skills.
四、签证办理指南
4、Visa Processing Guide
确定签证类型
坦桑尼亚公民来华前，需根据来华目的确定签证类型。常见类型包括工作签证（Z 签证）、学习签证（X 签证）、商务签证（M 签证）、旅游签证（L 签证）等。
准备申请材料
不同类型的签证所需材料有所不同，以下为常见签证类型的主要材料：
工作签证（Z 签证）
护照：有效期需超过 6 个月，且有至少 2 页空白签证页。
签证申请表：填写完整并签名。
照片：近期 2 寸正面免冠彩色照片 2 张，背景为白色。
身份证：复印件。
合法停留或居留证明（适用于不在国籍国申请签证者）：如在第三国申请，需提供该国合法停留、居留、工作、学习的有效证明或有效签证的原件和复印件。
中国境内的工作许可通知：由人力资源和社会保障部门签发。
聘用单位出具的证明函件：需注明申请人信息、职位、工作期限、工资待遇等内容，并加盖单位公章。
学习签证（X 签证）
护照、签证申请表、照片、身份证等基本材料与工作签证相同。
中国境内招收单位出具的录取通知书原件及复印件。
《外国留学人员来华签证申请表》（JW201 或 JW202 表）原件及复印件。
商务签证（M 签证）
基本材料同上。
中国境内贸易合作方出具的商务活动文件、经贸交易会请柬等邀请函件，需包含被邀请人信息、来华事由、停留时间、费用安排等内容。
邀请单位营业执照复印件（如有）。
旅游签证（L 签证）
基本材料。
往返机票订单和酒店订单等行程材料，或中国境内旅行社出具的具体旅游行程安排。
个人经济能力证明，如银行存款证明等（可选，但有助于提高签证通过率）。
办理流程
在线预约：登录中国签证申请服务中心网站（如中国驻坦桑尼亚大使馆指定的签证中心网站），进行在线预约，选择合适的预约时间和地点。
递交申请：按照预约时间，携带准备好的申请材料前往签证申请服务中心递交申请。工作人员会对材料进行初步审核，如材料不齐全，会要求补充。
缴纳费用：根据签证类型和办理方式，缴纳相应的签证费用。费用标准可在签证申请服务中心网站查询。
等待审核：签证申请将由签证申请服务中心转交至中国驻坦桑尼亚大使馆进行审核。审核时间一般为 4 - 5 个工作日，但具体时间可能因申请人数、季节等因素而有所不同。
领取签证：审核通过后，申请人可选择亲自前往签证申请服务中心领取签证，或选择邮寄方式收取签证。
Determine the type of visa
Before coming to China, Tanzanian citizens need to determine the type of visa based on the purpose of their visit. Common types include work visas (Z visas), study visas (X visas), business visas (M visas), tourist visas (L visas), etc.
Prepare the application materials
The materials required for different types of visas vary. The following are the main materials for common visa types:
Work visa (Z visa)
passport: The validity period must exceed 6 months, and there must be at least 2 blank visa pages.
Visa application form: Complete and sign.
Photos: Two recent 2-inch color passport-sized photos with a white background.
Id card: Copy.
Proof of legal stay or residence (applicable to those applying for a visa outside their country of nationality) : If applying in a third country, the original and a copy of the valid proof of legal stay, residence, work or study in that country or a valid visa must be provided.
Work permit notice within the territory of China: Issued by the human resources and social security department.
A certificate letter issued by the employing unit: It should indicate the applicant's information, position, working period, salary and benefits, etc., and be stamped with the official seal of the unit.
The basic materials such as the passport, visa application form, photo and ID card for the study visa (X visa) are the same as those for the work visa.
The original and a copy of the admission notice issued by the recruiting unit within the territory of China.
The original and a copy of the Visa Application Form for Foreign Students to Study in China (JW201 or JW202 form).
The basic materials for the business visa (M visa) are the same as above.
Invitation letters such as business activity documents and invitations for economic and trade fairs issued by trade partners within China should include the information of the invited person, the purpose of coming to China, the duration of stay, and the expense arrangement, etc.
A copy of the business license of the inviting entity (if any).
Basic materials for tourist Visa (L visa).
Round-trip air ticket orders, hotel orders and other travel materials, or specific travel itinerary arrangements issued by domestic travel agencies in China.
Proof of personal financial capacity, such as bank deposit certificates, etc. (optional, but can help increase the visa approval rate).
Processing procedure
Online appointment: Log in to the website of the China Visa Application Service Center (such as the visa center website designated by the Chinese Embassy in Tanzania), make an online appointment, and select the appropriate appointment time and location.
Submit the application: At the appointed time, bring the prepared application materials to the Visa Application Service center to submit the application. The staff will conduct a preliminary review of the materials. If the materials are incomplete, they will be requested to be supplemented.
Payment of fees: Pay the corresponding visa fees based on the type of visa and the processing method. The fee standards can be found on the website of the Visa Application Service Center.
Pending review: The visa application will be transferred by the Visa Application Service Center to the Chinese Embassy in Tanzania for review. The review period is generally 4 to 5 working days, but the specific time may vary due to factors such as the number of applicants and the season.
After the visa application is approved, the applicant can choose to collect the visa in person at the visa application service center or by mail.
小结
中国与坦桑尼亚的友好关系为坦桑尼亚人来华提供了广阔的空间和丰富的机遇。无论是追求职业发展、提升专业技能，还是渴望接受优质教育、体验中国文化，中国都为坦桑尼亚民众敞开了大门。相信在双方的共同努力下，中坦两国的交流与合作将不断迈向新的高度。
Conclusions
The friendly relations between China and Tanzania provide a broad space and rich opportunities for Tanzanians to come to China. Whether it is the pursuit of career development, the improvement of professional skills, or the eagerness to receive quality education and experience Chinese culture, China has opened its doors to the Tanzanian people. It is believed that with the joint efforts of both sides, the exchanges and cooperation between China and Tanzania will continue to reach new heights.
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