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马六甲新加坡海峡西行注意事项
唐树文 船长
由于马六甲新加坡海峡内船舶通航密度大,通航环境复杂,发生碰撞和搁浅等事故的几率很大,故海峡内航行一直是航运公司、船东和船长以及驾驶员关心的问题,本人结合英文图书《Passage Planning Guide – Strait of Malacca and Singapore 2021 Edition》和其他英版航海图书资料整理了一些资料与大家分享,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用,也希望各位前辈和同仁能够不吝赐教和指正。
本文以大型散货船西行到 AEBA 锚地加油,继而西行走新加坡、马六甲海峡为路线进行分析。



























































































ACD |
Admiralty Chart Datum |
英版海图基准点 |
AGC |
Automatic Gain Control |
自动增益控制 |
AIS |
Automatic Identification System |
自动识别系统 |
ALL |
Admiralty List of Lights |
英版灯光表 |
ALLFS |
Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals |
英版灯光雾号表 |
ALRS |
Admiralty List of Radio Signals |
英版无线电信号表 |
APU |
Auxiliary Power Unit |
辅助动力装置 、 辅助电源设备 |
ARPA |
Automatic Radar Plotting Aid |
自动雷达标绘仪 |
ASD |
Admiralty Sailing Directions |
英版航路指南 |
ATN |
Aids to Navigation |
助航标志,助航设备 |
ATT |
Admiralty Tide Tables |
英版潮汐表 |
BAC |
Blood Alcohol Concentration |
血液酒精浓度 |
BCR |
Bow Crossing Range |
穿越船首距离 |
BCT |
Bow Crossing Time |
穿越船首时间 |
BNWAS |
Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System |
驾驶台航行值班报警系统 |
BSI |
British Standards Institution |
英国标准协会 |
BWMP |
Ballast Water Management Plan |
压载水管理计划 |
BRM |
Bridge Resource Management |
驾驶台资源管理 |
CALM |
Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring |
链状锚系泊系统 |
CBT |
Computer-based Training |
计算机基本训练 |
COG |
Course Over Ground |
对地航向 |
CON |
navigational Conduct of the vessel |
指挥驾驶 |
COLREG |
Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at sea |
1972 年国际海上避碰规则公约 (COLREG 72) |
CPA |
Closest Point of Approach |
最近会遇距离 |
CSO |
Company’s Security Officer |
公司保安员 |
DG |
Dangerous Good |
危险货物 |
DGNSS |
Differential Global Navigation Satellite System |
差分全球定位系统 |
DGPS |
Differential Global Positioning System |
差分GPS |
DOP |
Dilution of Precision |
精度系数 精度因子 |
DOP |
Drop of Pilot |
引水员下船 |
DP |
Designated Person |
指定人员 |
DPA |
Designated Person Ashore |
岸上指定人员 |
DR |
Dead Reckoning |
航迹推算 |
DSC |
Digital Selective Calling |
数字选择性呼叫 |
DUKC |
Dynamic Under Keel Clearance |
静态富余水深 |
DWT |
Deadweight Tonnage |
载重吨 |
DW |
Deep Water route |
深水航道 |
DW Route |
Deep Water Route |
深水航道 |
DZ |
Danger Zone |
危险区域 |
EBL |
Electronic Bearing Line |
电子方位线 |
ECDIS |
Electronic Chart Display and Information System |
电子海图显示与信息系统 |
ECR |
Engine Control Room |
集控室 |
ECS |
Electronic chart System |
电子海图系统 |
EEBD |
Emergency Escape Breathing Devices |
紧急逃生呼吸装置 |
EEZ |
Exclusive Economic Zone |
专属经济区 200 海里 |
EGC |
Enhanced Group Calling |
(国际海上卫星组织)强化群呼 |
ELSBM |
Exposed Location Single Buoy Mooring |
开敞水域单点系泊 暴露定位单 点浮泊 |
ENC |
Electronic Navigational Chart |
电子海图 |
EOOW |
Engineer officer of the watch |
值班轮机员 |
EOSP |
End of Sea Passage |
海上航行结束 |
EP |
Estimated Position |
估计船位 |
EPA |
Electronic Plotting Aid |
电子标绘系统 |
EPIRB |
Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon |
应急无线电示位标 |
ESB |
Emergency Switchboard |
应急配电板 |
ESD |
Emergency Shutdown |
应急停车 切断 |
ETA |
Estimated Time of Arrival |
预计抵达时间 |
ETB |
Estimated Time of Berthing |
预计靠泊时间 |
ETB |
Emergency Towing Booklet |
应急拖带手册 |
ETC |
Estimated Time of Commencement |
预计开始时间 |
ETCD |
Estimated Time of Commencing Discharging |
预计开始卸货时间 |
ETD |
Estimated Time of Departure |
预计离开时间 |
FEU |
Fourty foot Equivalent Unit |
40' 标准集装箱 |
FFE |
Firefighting Equipment |
消防设备 |
FPSO |
Floating Production, Storage and Offloading vessel |
浮动产品存储器与卸载装置 |
FWE |
Finished With Engines |
完车 |
GLONASS |
Global Navigation Satellite System |
全球航海卫星定位系统 |
GMDSS |
Global Maritime Distress and Safety System |
全球海上遇险和安全系统 |
GM |
Getacentric Height |
稳性高度 |
GMT |
Greenwich Mean Time |
格林威治时间 世界时 |
GNSS |
Global Navigation Satellite System |
全球航海卫星定位系统 |
GOC |
General Operator's Certificate for GMDSS |
GMDSS 通用操作员证书 |
GPS |
Global Positioning System |
全球定位系统 |
GRB |
Garbage Record Book |
垃圾记录簿 |
GRP |
Glass Reinforced Plastic |
玻璃钢 玻璃增强塑料 |
GRT |
Gross Registered Tonnage |
总登记吨位 |
GT |
Gross Tonnage |
总吨 |
H24 |
Continuous |
连续 |
HDG |
Heading |
船首向 航向 |
HDOP |
Horizontal Dilution of Precision |
水平精度系数 |
HRU |
Hydrostatic Release Unit |
静水压力释放器 |
HSC |
High-Speed Craft |
高速船 |
HSE |
Health and Safety Executive |
健康与安全执行委员会 |
HSSC |
Harmonized System of Survey and Certification |
船舶检验发证协调系统 |
HW |
High Water |
大潮 高潮 |
Hz |
Hertz |
赫兹 |
IBS |
Integrated Bridge system |
综合驾驶室系统 |
ICAO |
International Civil Aviation Organization |
国际民用航空组织 |
ICS |
International Chamber of Shipping |
国际航运公会 |
IEC |
International Electro-technical Commission |
国际电工委员会 |
IG |
Inert Gas |
惰性气体 |
IHO |
International Hydrographic Organization |
国际水道组织 |
ILO |
International Labour Organization |
国际劳工组织 |
IMB |
Interational Maritime Bureau |
国际海事局 |
IMDG Code |
International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code |
国际海运危险货物规则 |
IMO |
International Maritime Organization |
国际海事组织 |
IMSBC |
International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes |
国际海运固体散装货物规则 |
INS |
Integrated Navigation System |
综合导航系统 |
IOPP |
International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate |
国际防止油污染证书 |
ISGOTT |
International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals |
国际油轮和油码头安全指南 |
ISM Code |
International Safety Management Code - ( SOLAS Chapter IX, Rugulation 1 ) |
国际安全管理 规则 (SOLAS 第 IX 章, 第 1 条) |
ISO |
International Standardization Organization |
国际标准化组织 |
ISPS |
International Ship and Port Facility Security |
国际船舶和港口设施保安 (SOLAS 第 XI -2 章) |
ITCZ |
Intertropical Convergence Zone |
热带辐合区 |
ITU |
International Telecommunication Union - Radio Regulations |
国际电信联盟 -无线电规则 |
ITZ |
Inshore Traffic Zone |
沿岸通航带 |
kt |
Knots |
节 海里每小时 |
KT |
Knots |
节 海里每小时 |
KTS |
Knots |
节 海里每小时 |
kHz |
kilohertz |
千赫 |
Kw |
kilowatt |
千瓦 |
LAN |
Local Area Network |
局域网 |
LANBY |
Large Automatic Navigation Buoy |
大型自动导航标 |
LAT |
Latitude |
纬度 |
|
MHLW |
Mean Higher Low Water |
平均较高低潮 |
MHW |
Mean High Water |
平均高潮 |
MHWN |
Mean High Water Neaps |
平均小潮高潮 |
MHWS |
Mean High Water Springs |
平均大潮高潮面 |
MLHW |
Mean Lower High Water |
平均低高潮面 |
MLLW |
Mean Lower Low Water |
平均低低潮面 |
MLW |
Mean Low Water |
平均低潮 平均低潮面 |
MLWN |
Mean Low Water Neaps |
平均小潮低潮面 |
MLWS |
Mean Low Water Springs |
平均大潮低潮面 |
MIN |
Minimum |
最小 |
MLC |
Maritime Labour Convention |
海事劳工公约 2006 |
MMSI |
Maritime Mobile Service Identity |
海上移动服务识别码 |
MOB |
Man Overboard |
人员落水 |
MPEX |
Master Pilot information Exchange |
船长引航员信息交换 |
MPEX |
Master/pilot exchange |
船长引航员信息交换 |
MPX |
Master Pilot Exchange |
船长引航员信息交换 |
MRCC |
Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre |
海上搜救协调中心 |
MRSC |
Maritime Rescue Sub-Centre |
海上救助分中心 |
MSG |
Message |
信息 消息 |
MSB |
Main Switchboard |
主配电板 |
MSC |
Maritime Safety Committee |
海上安全委员会 |
MSI |
Maritime Safety Information |
海上安全信息 |
MSL |
Mean Sea Level |
平均海平面 |
MV |
Motor Vessel |
机动船 |
M / V |
Motor Vessel |
机动船 |
M.V. |
Motor Vessel |
机动船 |
M / E |
Main Engine |
主机 |
MT |
Metric Tons |
公吨 |
MTS |
Metric Tons |
公吨 |
NAVTEX |
Navigation Telex System |
航行警告电传系统 |
NBDP |
Narrow Band Direct Printing |
无线电传 窄带印字报 |
NFU |
Non-Follow-Up |
非随动 |
NM |
Notice to Mariners |
航海通告 |
NM |
Nautical Mile |
海里 |
NMEA |
National Marine Electronics Association |
国家海洋电子协会 |
NOAA |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
美国国家海洋大气层管理局卫星 |
NRT |
Net Register Tonnage |
净登记吨 净吨 |
NT |
Net Tonnage |
净登记吨 净吨 |
NUC |
Not Under Command |
失控 |
N.A. |
Not Applicable |
不适用 |
N/A |
Not Applicable |
不适用 |
OCIMF |
Oil Companies International Maritime Forum |
石油公司国际海上污染论坛 |
OCM |
Oil Content Meter / Monitor |
油分浓度计 |
ODAS |
Ocean Data Acquisition System |
海洋数据收集系统 |
ODM |
Oil Discharge Monitoring and Control System |
排油监控系统 |
OFB |
One Fathom Bank |
(马六甲海峡)一拓滩 |
OOW |
Officer of the Watch |
值班驾驶员 |
OSC |
On-scene Commander |
现场指挥 |
OWS |
Oily Water Separtor |
油水分离 |
Precautionary Area |
A route measure comprising an area within defined limits where ships must navigate with particular caution |
警戒区 |
P&A |
Procedure and Arrangement Manual |
程序及布置手册 |
P&I Club |
Protection and Indemnity associations / club |
船东互保协会 |
POL |
Petrol , Oil & Lubricants |
石油 燃油和滑油 |
POSN |
Position |
位置 |
SBA |
Safe Berth Anchor |
安全锚位 泊位 |
SBP |
Safe Berth Port |
安全泊位 安全港口 |
SBE |
Standby Engines |
备车 |
Separation Zone |
A zone or line separating the traffic lanes in which ships are proceeding in opposite or nearly opposite directions |
分隔线 分隔带 |
SMS |
Safety Management System |
安全管理体系 |
SOG |
Statement of Facts |
事实记录 |
SOG |
Speed Over Ground |
对地速度 |
SOLAS |
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea |
国际海上人命安全公约 |
SOMS |
Straits of Malacca and Singapore |
马六甲新加坡海峡 |
SOPEP |
Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan |
油污应急计划 |
SSB |
Single Side Band |
单边带 |
SSO |
Ship Security Officer |
船舶保安员 |
SSP |
Ship Security Plan |
船舶保安计划 |
STBD |
Starboard |
右舷 |
STW |
Speed Through Water |
对水速度 |
STCW |
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers |
海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约 |
STRAITREP |
Malacca and Singapore Straits Ship Reporting System |
海峡报告系统 (马六甲新加坡海峡) |
SWBM |
Still Water Bending Moment |
静水弯矩 |
SWL |
Safe Working Load |
安全工作负荷 |
SWSF |
Still Water Shear Forces |
静水剪力 |
S/B |
Stand By |
准备 等待 待命 |
TCPA |
Time to Closest Point of Approach |
抵达最近会遇点的时间 |
TM |
True Motion |
真运动 |
TMC |
Transmitting Magnetic Compass |
传送磁罗经 |
TML |
Transportable Moisture Limit |
适运水分限 |
TPC |
Tons Per Centimetre |
每厘米吃水吨数 |
TSS |
Traffic Separation Scheme |
分道通航制 |
TX |
Transmitter |
发射机 |
UKC |
Under Keel Clearance |
龙骨下富余水深 |
UKHO |
United Kingdom Hydrograhpic Office |
英国水道测量局 |
ULCC |
Ultra Large Crude Carrier |
超大型油轮 |
UMS |
Unattended Machinery Space |
无人机舱 |
UN |
United Nations |
联合国 |
UNCLOS |
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea |
联合国海洋法会议 |
UPS |
Uninterruptible Power Supply |
不间断电源 |
UTC |
Universal Time Coordinated |
世界协调时间 |
GMT |
Greenwich Mean Time |
GMT = UT |
UT |
Universal Time |
国际标准时 世界时 |
UTS |
Ultimate Tensile Strength |
极限抗拉强度 |
UV |
Ultra Violet |
紫外线 |
V |
Volt |
伏特 (电压) |
VC |
Voyage Charter |
程租 |
VDR |
Voyage Data Recorder |
航行数据记录仪 船用黑匣子 |
VHF |
Very High Frequency |
甚高频 |
VIS |
Visibility |
能见度 |
VLCC |
Very Large Crude Carrier |
大型油轮 |
VMRS |
Vessel Movement Reporting System |
船舶动态报告系统 |
VOY |
Voyage |
航次 |
VPP |
Variable Pitch Propeller |
可变螺距螺旋桨 |
VRM |
Variable Range Marker |
活动距标 可变距标 |
VTC |
Vessel Traffic Centre |
船舶交通管制中心 |
VTS |
Vessel Traffic Service |
船舶交通服务 船舶交通管理 |
VTIS |
Vessel Traffic Information System |
船舶交通信息系统 |
VTMS |
Vessel Traffic Management System |
船舶交通管理系统 |
WAAS |
Wide Area Augmentation System |
广域差分系统 |
WGS |
World Geodetic System |
世界测地系统 |
WGS84 |
World Geodetic System 1984 Datum |
1984 年世界测地系统 |
WMO |
World Meteorological Organization |
世界气象组织 |
WOG |
Without Guarantee |
不保证 |
WP |
Weather Permit |
天气允许 |
WPT |
Waypoint |
转向点 |
Wheel-over Position |
The starting point for course alteration allowing for the geometry of the turn. Each ship has its own manoeuvring characteristics and this data is consulted when planning the wheel-over position |
施舵点 |
以上信息仅供参考,准确信息还请参考最新版的航海图书资料以及代理和引航站的信息。
航行安全大于天,希望本文能给为了祖国的航海事业奋斗在大洋上的和在幕后工作的同仁们提供一些
帮助,也希望前辈和同仁能够提出不同意见和指正,本人微信号码为 186 0770 4509,欢迎交流。
在此,感恩遇见的每一位贵人,祝福您,一生平安,万事胜意!
最后,文末附上根据信德海事的安全指引编辑的张贴文档,仅供参考。








