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辽东湾海域海冰出现扩散态势，最大冰厚25厘米
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12月中旬以来，随着冷空气不断加强，辽东湾海域出现海冰并呈扩散态势，海面浮冰外缘线离岸最大距离45海里，最大冰厚25厘米，对港口生产、海上交通及人命安全构成威胁。
严重的海冰会对船舶航行、停泊、作业安全产生较大影响，船舶若缺乏冰区航行知识和经验，易发生以下水上交通事故。
重载船舶在进出港途中，受大块、成片海冰影响，船体易被冰卡住，造成操纵困难，加之风、流作用，船舶会被海冰推出航道而搁浅。
船舶在锚地锚泊或在码头靠泊时，船体及锚链易被冰冻住，造成起锚困难，或船舶受海冰、潮流影响发生走锚，导致锚链因负荷过大发生断链而丢锚。
船舶冰区航行，船体会因海冰挤压、戳划而破损进水，或因船舶海底阀滤器被碎冰堵塞造成主机故障，船员在清理海底阀滤器时操作失误导致机舱进水。
面对日益严重的海冰灾害，海事管理部门充分发挥全要素水上“大交管”优势，实现“保安全”与“保生产”的双赢。
海事部门通过电子巡航、陆域巡查、海上巡视、无人机监测和网络传输监控等手段，广泛收集冰情信息，掌握海冰动态，并将冰期信息及时通报相关口岸单位、港航企业和来港船舶。
冬季冰期，增设部分虚拟AIS航标，为船舶航行提供有效助航服务。对锚泊船舶实施网格化管理，实时发布安全提醒。强化现场巡视和船舶安全检查，及时发现安全隐患并督促整改。
建立重冰期海上应急待命点，在重点水域部署拖轮，为进出港船舶提供24小时助航保障服务。重冰期采取“大船先行，小船后行，一艘拖轮引领一艘船舶”的交通组织方式，确保船舶航行安全。
增强应急值班力量，全天候密切监控辖区海域船舶航行、锚泊、作业动态，及时发现不安全因素，及早采取措施进行处置，并建立“大交管”统一实施各类海上应急突发事件处置机制，保证搜救成功率。
在此，海事部门建议各航运公司：
🔶制定完善并监督指导所管船舶落实《船舶冰区水域航行安全须知》《大风浪航行须知》《船舶设备维护保养须知》等文件要求。船舶进入冰区前做好各项准备工作，确保船舶保养及关键设备检查到位。
🔶加强船员教育培训，确保在冰区航行船舶上任职的船员掌握防冰、防冻、防滑要求以及冰区航行安全知识和操作技能；要规范开展应急训练和演习，保证船舶因海冰发生险情事故时能够科学妥善处置；要确保机舱相关船员熟练掌握海底阀滤器清理操作程序。
🔶及时接收气象，掌握海冰预警信息。船舶冰区航行时，应加强瞭望，及早发现航行危险。船舶冰区抛锚应选择薄冰或碎冰的浅水区，必要时提前备妥主机，做好机器随时操纵的准备。如冰情严重，船舶无法保证自身安全，应及时申请拖轮破冰、护航。
🔶船舶如发生险情事故，应及时向就近海事管理部门报告，以寻求救助。
最后，希望各航运公司严格落实安全生产主体责任，海事部门也将切实履行安全监管职责，为船舶安全航行保驾护航。
海洋天气公报
预报：黄奕武 签发：黄 彬
2023 年 12 月 30 日 06 时
我国近海海域将有大雾和大风天气
29日14时至30日02时，东海西南部海域、台湾海峡、台湾以东洋面、巴士海峡、南海东北部和西南部海域出现了6~7级、阵风8级的东北风。渤海南部、黄海西南部海域、长江口及杭州湾附近海域、台湾海峡出现了能见度不足1公里的大雾。
预计，12月30日白天，渤海南部、黄海中部和西南部海域、东海西北部海域、台湾海峡、渤海湾、莱州湾、山东半岛沿岸海域、江苏东部沿岸海域、长江口及杭州湾附近海域将有能见度不足1公里的大雾。中央气象台12月30日06时发布《大雾预警》。
预计，12月30日夜间至2024年1月1日夜间，渤海、渤海海峡、黄海大部海域、东海大部海域、台湾海峡、台湾以东洋面、巴士海峡、南海北部和中部海域将先后有6~8级、阵风9级的大风。为此，中央气象台12月30日06时发布《大风蓝色预警》。
海事天气公报
MESSAGE FOR NAVAREA XI(IOR) ISSUED BY NMC BEIJING
MESSAGE IS UPDATED EVERY 06 HOURS =
SYNOPSIS VALID 0600UTC DEC.30 =
FCST VALID 0600UTC DEC.31 =
SLY WINDS FROM 10 TO 12M/S GUSTS 14M/S SEAS UP TO
1.5M OVER NORTHERN PART OF EAST CHINA SEA=
WLY WINDS FROM 10 TO 12M/S GUSTS 14M/S SEAS UP TO
1.5M OVER SOUTHERN PART OF EAST CHINA SEA=
DENSE FOG OBSERVED LOCALLY OVER BOHAI SEA AND
NORTHERN PART OF YELLOW SEA AND CENTRAL PART OF
YELLOW SEA WITH HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY LESS THAN
HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY LESS THAN 10KM OVER BOHAI
STRAIT AND SOUTHERN PART OF YELLOW SEA AND WESTERN
PART OF EAST CHINA SEA AND NORTHWESTERN PART OF
SOUTH CHINA SEA AND BEIBU GULF AND WEST CENTRAL
SOUTH CHINA SEA AND NORTHEASTERN PART OF JAPAN SEA
AND KOREA STRAIT AND ANDAMAN SEA AND THAILAND GULF
AND MALACCA STRAIT AND SEA EAST OF SINGAPORE AND
SEA SOUTH OF SUMATERA AND SUNDA STRAIT AND LAUT
JAWA AND MAKASSAR STRAIT AND LAUT MALUKU AND LAUT
N WINDS 12 TO 16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE OVERCAST BECMG SUNNY VIS GOOD=
NW WINDS VEER N 12 TO 16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S SEA
STATE MODERATE LIGHT RAIN BECMG SLEET VIS
NORTHERN PART OF YELLOW SEA
NW WINDS 16 TO 20M/S GUSTS 20 TO 24M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE LIGHT RAIN BECMG OVERCAST VIS MODERATE TO
MIDDLE PART OF YELLOW SEA
NW WINDS 16 TO 20M/S GUSTS 20 TO 24M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE LIGHT RAIN VIS MODERATE=
SOUTHERN PART OF YELLOW SEA
NW WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S INCR 12 TO
16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S SEA STATE MODERATE LIGHT
RAIN BECMG OVERCAST VIS MODERATE TO GOOD=
NORTHERN PART OF EAST CHINA SEA
W WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S VEER NW
WINDS 12 TO 16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE LIGHT RAIN BECMG OVERCAST VIS MODERATE TO
SOUTHERN PART OF EAST CHINA SEA
NW WINDS VEER NE 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA
STATE MODERATE OVERCAST BECMG CLOUDY VIS GOOD=
N WINDS 06 TO 08M/S GUSTS 08 TO 12M/S VEER NE
WINDS 12 TO 16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S SEA STATE
SLIGHT TO MODERATE OVERCAST VIS GOOD=
NE WINDS 04 TO 06M/S GUSTS 06 TO 08M/S INCR 08 TO
12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA STATE SMOOTH TO
MODERATE OVERCAST VIS GOOD=
E WINDS BACK NE 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA
STATE MODERATE OVERCAST VIS GOOD=
NORTHWESTERN PART OF SOUTH CHINA SEA
NE WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S DECR 06 TO
08M/S GUSTS 08 TO 12M/S SEA STATE MODERATE TO
SLIGHT OVERCAST VIS GOOD=
NORTHEASTERN PART OF SOUTH CHINA SEA
NE WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE OVERCAST VIS GOOD=
WEST CENTRAL SOUTH CHINA SEA
NE WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S DECR 06 TO
08M/S GUSTS 08 TO 12M/S SEA STATE MODERATE TO
SOUTHWESTERN PART OF SOUTH CHINA SEA
NE WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE CLOUDY VIS GOOD=
NORTHEASTERN PART OF JAPAN SEA
NE WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S BACK N
WINDS 12 TO 16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE TO ROUGH LIGHT RAIN VIS MODERATE=
SOUTHWESTERN PART OF JAPAN SEA
NE WINDS 06 TO 08M/S GUSTS 08 TO 12M/S BACK N
WINDS 16 TO 20M/S GUSTS 20 TO 24M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE TO VERY ROUGH LIGHT RAIN BECMG MODERATE
W WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S VEER NW
WINDS 12 TO 16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE TO ROUGH LIGHT RAIN VIS MODERATE=
S WINDS 12 TO 16M/S GUSTS 16 TO 20M/S VEER SW
WINDS 16 TO 20M/S GUSTS 20 TO 24M/S SEA STATE
ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH OVERCAST BECMG LIGHT RAIN VIS
SEA EAST OF RYUKYU ISLANDS
SW WINDS VEER NW 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA
STATE MODERATE OVERCAST BECMG MODERATE RAIN VIS
SEA WEST OF BONIN ISLANDS
S WINDS VEER SW 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA
STATE MODERATE OVERCAST VIS GOOD=
SEA WEST OF NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
E WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE OVERCAST VIS GOOD=
E WINDS BACK NE 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA
STATE MODERATE CLOUDY VIS GOOD=
NE WINDS 08 TO 12M/S GUSTS 12 TO 16M/S SEA STATE
MODERATE CLOUDY VIS GOOD=
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