头门朗读者 | 政府工作报告 Report on the Work of the Government（4）

二是优化和落实助企纾困政策，巩固经济恢复基础。上亿市场主体承载着数亿人就业创业，宏观政策延续疫情发生以来行之有效的支持路径和做法。去年新增减税降费超过1万亿元，还对制造业中小微企业、煤电和供热企业实施阶段性缓缴税费。实践表明，减税降费是助企纾困直接有效的办法，实际上也是“放水养鱼”、涵养税源，2013年以来新增的涉税市场主体去年纳税达到4.76万亿元。加强铁路、公路、航空、海运、港口等运输保障。加大对受疫情影响严重行业企业信贷投放，继续执行小微企业贷款延期还本付息和信用贷款支持政策，银行业金融机构普惠小微企业贷款增长27.3%，大型商业银行普惠小微企业贷款增幅超过40%，企业综合融资成本稳中有降。

2. We refined and implemented policies for easing the difficulties of businesses and consolidated the foundation of economic recovery.

As over one hundred million market entities have given several hundred million people the opportunity to go into business or secure employment, we have continued with the supportive macro-policy roadmaps and approaches that have proved effective since the epidemic began.

Tax and fee reductions introduced last year totaled more than one trillion yuan. In addition, tax payments were postponed for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in manufacturing as well as coal-fired power plants and heating-supply enterprises as a temporary measure. Tax and fee reductions have proved a direct and effective way of helping enterprises ease their difficulties. In reality, they also help nurture business growth and cultivate sources of tax revenue. Last year, revenue generated from taxpaying market entities registered since 2013 reached 4.76 trillion yuan.

We strengthened the capacity of railway, highway, aviation and maritime transportation as well as harbors. We boosted the credit supply to industries and enterprises severely affected by Covid-19. We continued policies for micro and small businesses to defer principal and interest repayments on loans and take out more collateral-free loans. Inclusive finance lending to micro and small business by financial institutions increased by 27.3 percent, with the figure rising to over 40 percent for large commercial banks, and overall financing costs of businesses dropped steadily.

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