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阿联酋火星任务：人类的希望；所有你想知道的内容
探测命名为“希望”,将创建人类的第一个火星大气集成模型
阿联酋揭露将于2021年向火星发射无人驾驶探测器研究红色星球大气的计划。
首次火星太空探测任务被命名为Al Amal，或“希望”，将创建人类的第一个火星大气的集成模型。
首次阿拉伯火星探测任务的蓝图和科学目标昨天首次揭晓。
阿联酋无人驾驶火箭是什么样子？它怎样到达火星呢？
探测器将会是一个和一辆小车同样大小、重量的紧凑型宇宙飞船。它将在发射火箭中发射，然后分离、加速到达外太空，火星绕太阳6亿公里的旅程，将以26,000 千米/时的速度推进，将花费200天的时间。
阿联酋什么时候发射火星探测器？探测器将在火星呆多长时间？
无人驾驶探测器将于2020年离开地球，使命旨在补充其他任务的科学工作，填补人类知识的关键空白。
探测器将绕这颗红色星球的轨道运行至少直至2023年,还有另外一个选择就是任务延长到2025年。它将为阿联酋分析研究小组发送回超过1000 GB的数据,为全球超过200家机构提供自由共享，造福成千上万的太空专家。
阿联酋的此次任务和之前的探测有什么不同呢？
探测器独一无二的轨道和设备将产出完整的新型数据，这样科学家就能建立红色星球大气的真正完整模型。
此次任务将首次产出火星大气的全球图。它将有助于研究下层大气和上层大气的相互作用、探索今天的火星气候和古气候之间的联系。
阿联酋火星任务将首次研究火星大气的每日和季节性周期的动态变化。
探测器专门的仪器能让科学家们观察比如说云、沙尘暴和气温、灰尘、冰、气体包括水蒸气的变化等大气各层的天气现象。
科学家们将首次研究学习到大气与地形之间的相互运作，从最高的火山山峰到广阔的沙漠和最深的峡谷。
新的数据对科学家有什么样的作用呢？
这些模型将帮助全球的火星科学社区解开更多红色星球的秘密，比如说为什么火星的大气会衰变至太空到达一个很薄的不足以让水蒸气停留在其表面的程度？
今天，我们几乎所有的关于气候的理解都来自对地球大气的观察。火星对于研究大气科学是一个非常珍贵的实验室，因为火星的大气条件与地球迥异。我们从理解火星气候当中获得的数据和洞察将为人类关于大气如何工作方面的认知增加新的维度。这一点不仅仅对火星和地球非常重要，也对我们最近在银河系发现的数以百万计的其他潜在可居住行星来说也非常重要。研究火星大气将帮助科学家评估能让生命生存的遥远世界。
火星探测可以帮助我们更好地理解我们的星球或者其他除了火星以外的星球吗？
除了加深对火星的人类认知，数据也将帮助气候科学家们理解地球百万年以来的大气变化。这个认知也将帮助太空科学家们评估上千新发现的遥远星系星球的大气，从而断定哪个星球的大气可以让外星生命生存。
火星探测可以看作是阿拉伯科学的复兴吗？
阿联酋火星探测任务将为地球留下宝贵的遗产，因为探测任务是100%由来自阿联酋的团队共同策划组织的。在这样的方式下，它相当于是阿拉伯新一代科学家和工程师的催化剂，也是不断发展的科学和太空事业的”锚固工程”。
阿联酋火星任务团队目前包括75名阿联酋工程师和研究人员,到2020年人数将增长到150多人。
UAE Mars Mission: Hope for humanity; all you want to know about it
Probe named 'Hope', will create mankind’s first integrated model of the Red Planet’s atmosphere
The UAE has unveiled its plan to send an unmanned probe to Mars in 2021 to study the atmosphere of the Red Planet.
The first Arab space probe to Mars has been named Al Amal, or ‘Hope’, and will create mankind’s first integrated model of the Red Planet’s atmosphere.
The blueprints and science goals for the first Arab mission to Mars were revealed for the first time yesterday.
What will the UAE’s unmanned rocket look like, and how will it travel to Mars?
The probe will be a compact spacecraft the size and weight of a small car. It will blast off in a launcher rocket, then detach and accelerate into deep space. It will reach a speed of 126,000 kilometres per hour for the 600 million km journey around the sun to Mars, which will take around 200 days.
When will the UAE send the probe to Mars, and how long will it stay there?
The unmanned probe will leave Earth in 2020 on a mission designed to complement the science work of other missions and fill important gaps in human knowledge.
The probe will orbit the Red Planet until at least 2023, with an option to extend the mission until 2025. It will send back more than 1000 GB of data to be analysed by teams of researchers in the UAE, and shared freely with more than 200 institutions worldwide for the benefit of thousands of space specialists.
How is the UAE’s mission different from previous probes?
Its unique orbits and instruments will produce entirely new types of data that will enable scientists to build the first truly holistic models of the Martian atmosphere.
This mission will produce the first truly global picture of the Martian atmosphere. It will study how the lower and upper layers of the atmosphere interact with each other. It will search for connections between today’s Martian weather and the ancient climate of the Red Planet.
The Emirates Mars Mission will be the first to study dynamic changes in the Martian atmosphere throughout its daily and seasonal cycles.
Its specialised instruments will enable scientists to observe weather phenomena such as clouds and dust storms, as well as changes in temperature, dust, ice and gases including water vapour throughout the layers of the atmosphere.
They will learn for the first time how the atmosphere interacts with topography, from the highest volcano peaks to the vast deserts and the deepest canyons.
How will this new data be useful for scientists?
These models will help the global Mars science community to unlock more mysteries of the Red Planet, such as why its atmosphere has been decaying into space to the point that it is now too thin for liquid water to exist on the surface.
Today, almost all of our understanding of climate comes from scientific studies of the atmosphere here on Earth. Mars is a valuable laboratory for atmosphere science because conditions there are very different. The insights and data we gain from understanding the Martian climate will add new dimensions to human knowledge about how atmospheres work. This is important not just for Mars and Earth, but also for the millions of other potentially habitable planets recently discovered in our galaxy. Studying the atmosphere on Mars will help scientists evaluate distant worlds for conditions that might support life.
Can it lead us to any better understanding of our own planet, or planets other than Mars?
Besides deepening human knowledge about Mars, the data will also help climate scientists understand changes in Earth’s atmosphere over millions of years. This knowledge will also help space scientists to evaluate the atmospheres of thousands of newly discovered planets far across the galaxy, to determine which may have an atmosphere that could support extra-terrestrial life.
Can this be seen as a renaissance of Arab science?
The Emirates Mars Mission will leave behind a major legacy on Earth, because the mission is being planned and managed in the UAE by a 100 per cent Emirati team. In this way, it is designed as a catalyst for a new generation of Arab scientists and engineers, and as an anchor project for the growing science and space sectors.
The Emirates Mars Mission team currently comprises 75 Emirati engineers and researchers and will grow to more than 150 by 2020.
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