【新译Y宇宙】No.42 “进步”导致古代文明的陨落

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Graced with mosques and shrines, Hasankeyf lay nestled beneath great sandstone cliffs on the banks of the Tigris River. The golden cliffs, honeycombed with caves, are thought to have been used in Neolithic times. An ancient fortress marked what was once the edge of the Roman Empire.

哈桑基夫依偎在底格里斯河两岸的大砂岩悬崖下,清真寺和神龛使它熠熠生辉。金色的峭壁， 蜂窝状的洞穴， 被认为是在新石器时代的遗址。一座古老的堡垒曾坐落在罗马帝国的边缘。

Now it is all lost forever, submerged beneath the rising waters of the Ilisu Dam, the latest of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's megaprojects, which flooded 100 miles of the upper Tigris River and its tributaries, including the once-stunning valley.

现在，它永远消失了，被淹没在伊利苏大坝（IlisuDam）的上升的水面中，这是总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安（RecepTayyipErdogan）最新的大型项目，淹没了100英里的底格里斯河上游及其支流，包括这个曾经令人叹为观止的山谷。

Government officials have emphasized that hydropower offered their greenest option when they decided to push ahead with the dam a dozen years ago, allowing Turkey to reduce its dependence on imported coal and gas.

政府官员强调，十几年前，当他们决定推进大坝建设时，水力发电是他们最环保的选择，它能够帮助土耳其减少对进口煤炭和天然气的依赖。

But environmentalists and archaeologists, in Turkey and abroad, are angry and frustrated, at the loss of the valley and its treasures.

但是，土耳其国内外的环保主义者和考古学家对山谷及其宝藏的损失感到愤怒和沮丧。

Fatime Salkan had refused to leave the low-pitched stone house that belonged to her parents. She watched from her terrace in December when Dutch engineers lifted the last of the medieval monuments, the 1,700-ton El-Rizk mosque, onto wheels.

费蒂姆·萨尔坎拒绝离开她父母的那座低矮的石屋。

去年12月，她从露台上望着荷兰工程师们把最后一座中世纪纪念碑——1700吨重的埃尔-里兹克清真寺（El-Rizk mosque）举到轮子上。

They deposited it on a man-made hill beside the new town, where the government has assembled various salvaged monuments. They look out of place on the bare hillside, which will be made into a new archaeological park.

他们把它存放在新城旁边的一座人造山上，政府在那里建造了各种残存的纪念碑。他们在光秃秃的山坡上显得有些格格不入，而政府将在这里建成一个新的考古公园。

But for the purists, the new Hasankeyf is artificial and charmless. "The real history is down there, and we are drowning it," said Zulku Emer, 41, a master craftsman who was laying a cobbled street beside the new park.

但是对于纯粹主义者来说，新的哈桑基夫是虚假的，毫无魅力的。41岁的工匠祖尔库·埃默（ZulkuEmer）在新公园旁边铺设一条鹅卵石街道，他说：“真正的历史就在这下面，而我们却在埋葬它。”

图/文来源 | The New York Times

(July 5, 2020)

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编辑 | 韩瑞洋