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住宅公寓设计：一种新型的双子塔结构

搜建筑

2022-10-11

导读：视野开阔的城区双子塔公寓

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世界上许多城市都容纳了本身具有不同功能的双子塔。考虑到天际线，这些双子塔一般都有一个典型的形状，呈现出两个相邻的高大建筑，在立面设计上有一些差异。此外，尽管这些塔楼的形式和形状各不相同，但大多数塔楼的共同特点是在周围的城市空间面前给观众一种巨大的、非人类的尺度感。在米卡住宅塔楼项目中，设计师试图专注于改变这种模式，并创造一种新型的住宅用双子结构。

Many cities in the world have accommodated twin towers with different functions themselves. Considering the skyline, these twin towers generally have a typical shape, presenting two tall buildings adjacent to each other with some discrepancies in façade design. Moreover, despite the variety in the form and shape of the towers, the common specifications of most of them had been inducing a sense of massive and inhuman scale to a viewer in front of the surrounding urban space. In the Mika Residential Towers Project, the designers try to focus on changing this pattern and creating a new type of twin structure for residential use.

塑造项目主体的主要想法是在项目结构中强加一个基本单元，这归因于伊朗传统建筑中的基本模块，以及定义一个后退-悬臂战略，以实现更多的地块开放空间和上层的一些私人庭院，最终，在项目的中间部分创建一个连接，以创造体积的完整性。

The main idea that shapes the body of the project was imposing a basic unit in the structure of the project which is attributed to the basic module in Iranian traditional architecture, as well as defining a setback-cantilever strategy to achieve more open space at the plot and some private yards in upper levels, and ultimately, creating a connection in the middle part of a project to create volumetric integrity.

可以看出，从很久以前到二十世纪中叶，伊朗的传统住宅建筑类型，尽管在形式和细节上有一些差异，但都被定义为开放-封闭空间的二元结构。显然，随着城市的现代化和住宅建筑向高层建筑的转变，市民的生活质量发生了很大的变化和下降。

通过使用基本模块，设计团队不仅从伊朗传统建筑中借鉴了 "模块 "和微尺度模块的概念，而且通过在高层创造退台，以新的形式使用了开放和封闭空间的二元性，使绿色和光线回归到住宅单元。这个设计的最大挑战是使用一直以来以二维方式开发的单元，但这次它们以更复杂的三维形式组合在一起。这个概念的结果是通过利用绿色植物和阳光创造的小气候来改善市民的生活质量。

It can be seen that the types of traditional residential architecture in Iran from a long time ago to the middle of the twentieth century, despite some differences in form and details, have been defined in an open-closed space duality. It is obvious that with the modernization of cities and the transformation of residential buildings into high-rise buildings, the quality of life of citizens has greatly changed and declined. By using the basic module, the design team not only has borrowed the concept of “module” and micro-scale modules from traditional Iranian architecture but also by creating a setback on the upper floors, has used the duality of open and closed spaces in a new form to return greenery and light to residential units. The big challenge of this design is the use of units that have always been developed in two dimensions, but this time they fit together in a more complex three-dimensional form. The result of this concept is to improve the quality of life of citizens by taking advantage of the microclimate created by greenery and sunlight.

因此，公共空间和广场被广泛使用，以强调从城市空间到住宅使用的运动层次，此外还减少了一楼的建筑面积。此外，与现有的结构不同，建筑师试图创造出与城市更多互动的建筑最终形式。通过这种方式，两个垂直的塔楼实际上成为了住宅和公共空间以及开放和封闭空间的综合结构;因此，将两座塔分开并确定它们之间的边界似乎是不可能的。这种整合的结果是远离现有的原型，转向与城市有建设性互动的结构。同时，在双塔住宅中利用人们熟悉的四合院形式，更加强调住宅使用与建筑形式的兼容。

As a result, public spaces and plazas have been used extensively to emphasize the hierarchy of movement from urban space to residential use, in addition to reducing the level of building area on the ground floor. Also, unlike the existing structures, an attempt has been made to create the final form of the building in more interaction with the city. In this way, the two vertical towers have become practically an integrated structure of residential and communal spaces as well as open and closed spaces; so it seems that separating the two towers and identifying the border between them is impossible. The result of this integration is moving away from existing prototypes and moving toward structures that have constructive interaction with the city. Also, taking advantage of the familiar form of courtyard houses in the residential twin tower causes more emphasis on the compatibility of residential use and building form.

项目在城市的位置导致目标社区是资产阶级用户，他们实际上无法住在有特殊庭院的大房子里。这些由房屋和庭院组成的单元的使用不仅不违反伊朗城市规划的复杂规则和规定，而且可以被认为是提高大城市市民素质的一种模式。另一方面，项目一层的大卖场等商业空间的选址，在很大程度上满足了居民的日常需求，减少了居民向其他街区的转诊，从而减少了项目周边的交通流量，使当地的交通更加顺畅。

The location of the project in the city has caused the target community to be bourgeois users who are practically unable to live in large houses with a special yard. The use of these units consisting of houses and yards on the floors not only does not violate the complex rules and regulations of urban planning in Iran but also it can be considered as a pattern to improve the quality of citizens of large cities. On the other hand, the location of the hypermarket and other commercial spaces on the ground floor of the project has largely met the daily needs of the residents and reduced the referral of residents to other neighborhoods and as a result, will reduce the traffic around the project and make the local traffic smoother.

因此，通过改变这类项目的典型结构，他们试图将米卡双子塔重新定义为一个新的互动原型，其中居民在公共和私人区域都有更多的开放空间，同时项目在天际线和体量策略方面与周边社区有更好的互动。

Consequently, by changing the typical structure of this type of project, it has been tried to redefine the Mika Twin Towers as a new interactive prototype in which residents have more open space in both public and private areas, as well as the project has better interaction with its neighborhood regarding its skyline and volumetric strategy.