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校园更新改造：深圳百校焕新行动的第一季项目—— 深圳学府中学改造

搜建筑

2024-11-29

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深圳学府中学改造

多重建筑

学府中学改造为深圳南山百校焕新行动的第一季项目。借助百校焕新各参与部门搭建的设计平台与工程环境，在解决校园各处老旧硬件问题的同时，本方案期望通过对操场的深究，为南方中小学户外空间提供一种类型新解。

The renovation of Xuefu Middle School marks the first phase of 100 Campus Renewal Plan For Shenzhen Nanshan. By leveraging the platforms established by various departments involved in the 100 Campus Renewal Plan, this project not only addresses the outdated hardware throughout the campus but also deeply explores the playground for new typology of outdoor spaces in southern primary and secondary schools.

柱廊作为边界：校园南北151米，东西141米，西侧为E字形教学楼，教学区经校方多年经营，亲切自然。这样的布局里，教学楼与操场之间的界面至关重要，掌管着体育课与教学区之间的动静转换，我一直对初中生在这种空间里的创造力充满想象。

此处原状却是一道仿古隔墙，从教学区穿过隔墙来到操场则无处躲藏地暴露在烈日下。把此隔墙改成柱廊，将塑造多种关系：1）跑道旁边有了遮阳躲雨之处；2）柱廊顶面成为看台；3）串联教学楼疏散梯，从交通意义上，柱廊成了教学区与操场之间的第三空间；4）E字形教学楼的庭院通过柱廊与操场连接或对望。

The colonnade serves as a boundary: The campus spans 151m from north to south and 141m from east to west, with an E-shaped teaching building on the west side. After years of management by the school authorities, the teaching area has developed cozy and natural environment. In this layout, the area between the teaching building and the playground is crucial for the dynamic and static shift between PE classes and the teaching area. I have always been imaginative about the creativity of students in such a space. It used to be an antique partition wall making people from the teaching area to the playground completely exposed to the sun. Replacing this partition wall with a colonnade can: 1. provide shelter beside the running track. 2. make the top surface of the colonnade serve as a stand. 3. link the evacuation stairs of the teaching buildings, making the colonnade a third space between the teaching area and the playground from a traffic perspective. 4. make the courtyard of the E-shaped teaching building connect or face the playground through the colonnade.

围合-新的操场：原状跑道呈“塞车”状态，五六个班同时出现在跑道上——跳绳、热身和短跑，长跑的同学们则熟练地避开他们。根本原因是操场布置没有把各种活动疏散开，地块尺度对于300米跑道过于勉强，连缓冲距离都不够，更不用奢望在跑道外缘有上器材课和做热身的空间。把跑道从300米缩成250米，将在南北两侧得到充分的空间，操场也从普遍的边缘即围墙的状态，变为可以被其他功能围合。围合的动作本质，是许可操场成为一个中心，而非把操场看作是教学楼之外的剩余部分。

Enclosure - New playground: The pre-existed track is crowed: several classes engage in various activities on the track together, while long-distance runners skillfully avoid them. It basically lies in the failure to disperse various activities effectively in the playground layout. The size of the plot is barely sufficient for a 300m track, leaving insufficient buffer space, let alone expecting to have space for equipment classes and warm-ups along the outer perimeter of the track. Reducing the track from 300m to 250m will provide ample space on both the north and south sides, transforming the playground from margin, i.e. enclosure to the area enclosed by other functional areas. The essence of enclosure is to make the playground a center, rather than the remainder outside the teaching building.

围合-密度的腾挪：校舍和操场建于2002年，彼时为26班，20年过去，校舍如今需承载50多个班，使得音乐室、舞蹈室、科创室等专业教室在教学区已无处安置。体育办公室、器材室、后勤杂物等次要空间更是如填充物般塞进各处狭缝里。操场的围合把上述教学区的溢出面积疏散到操场——南侧服务用房（两层：器材、厕所更衣、体育组休息室、后勤杂物），北侧专用教室（两层）。

Enclosure - Density adjustment: The school building, along with playground, was constructed in 2002 to accommodate 26 classes, but now needs to house over 50 classes after 20 years. This has led to a lack of space for specialized classrooms. Secondary spaces for the physical education office, equipment room, and logistics and groceries have scattered around. The playground enclosure makes above areas disperse from the teaching area to the playground - service rooms on the south side (two floors: equipment, restroom, changing rooms, a lounge for the physical education team, logistics and groceries) and specialized classrooms on the north side (two floors).

遮蔽-南方与大棚子：对南方体育课要么暴晒要么暴雨的身体感知一直缠绕在每次与校方的初期踏勘，可惜目前南方的操场与北方相比，并无特殊之处。遮蔽，先围合再遮蔽——南北侧建筑尽量多创造灰空间，连同柱廊塑造出操场一圈高低变化的有顶活动区域。在以上排兵布阵的同时，一个与校方一起“吃螃蟹”的计划也悄然就绪——在操场中间设立巨大遮蔽物，覆盖两个篮球场，学校将拥有宝贵的风雨集会空间。校方对这件事的兴趣，让我心生感激。自此，学府操场灰空间面积占比达20%。

Shelter - South and large canopy: The physical sensations of either intense sun or rainstorms during southern PE classes have always been a persistent aspect of initial site survey with the school authorities. Unfortunately, the playgrounds in south China, compared to the northern ones, have no characteristics. Shelter, first enclosure then shelter - For buildings on the north and south sides, as many transition spaces as possible should be created, along with colonnades, to shape a perimeter of covered activity areas with varying heights around the playground. While arranging these, a pioneering plan with the school authorities is generally in place - a massive shelter is set up in the middle of the playground, covering two basketball courts, providing the school with a valuable shelter for gatherings. I am grateful for the school authorities' interest in this matter. Since then, the proportion of transition space in the playground of Xuefu has reached 20%.

以上的所有动作诞生了一个新类型的操场，操场的另一种身份开始被关注和塑造：高密度校园里的户外空间，它在被围合和遮蔽后，将承载这个校园的公共生活。

All above have resulted in a new type of playground so that the alternative function of playground is recognized and shaped now: an outdoor space within a high-density campus. After being enclosed and sheltered, it will take on the public life within the campus.