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校园更新改造：解决基本功能需求，重新定义空间更合适的关系—— 深圳蛇口学校

搜建筑

2025-05-16

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深圳蛇口学校改造

大屿建筑

蛇口小学成立于1945年，为当时的渔民子弟提供基础教育。蛇口中学成立于1970年，与蛇口小学隔着一堵墙，隔了几十年。2003年，两所学校合并，更名为蛇口学校。2022年底，蛇口学校被列入深圳“百校更新”计划的最终名单，引发了这个改造项目的机会。

Shekou Primary School was established in 1945 which provided basic education for fishermen's children at that time. Shekou Middle School, as its counterpart, was founded adjacent in 1970, divided by a mere wall with Shekou Primary School for decades. In 2003 the two institutions merged under the name of Shekou School. In late 2022, as the Shekou School was added to the final list of the "Hundred Schools Renewal" plan in Shenzhen, it triggers a chance of this renovation project.

现状与策略，数十年的碎片化改造导致了建筑与周围外部空间之间模糊的空间关系。由于总施工时间被限制在2个暑假期间，改造的核心问题主要集中在两个方面：解决基本功能需求和重新定义建筑与外部空间之间更合适的关系。与此同时，每一个新的姿态都不是作为对存在的抹去，而是作为与场地嵌入的纹理的对话，允许新旧共存，创造校园的新身份。

Current Conditions & StrategiesDecades of fragmented renovations had resulted in ambiguous spatial relationships between buildings and their surrounding external space. As the total construction time is restricted within 2 summer vacation periods, the core issue of renovation focuses mainly on two aspects: resolving essential functional needs and redefining a more appropriate relationship between buildings and external spaces. Meanwhile, each new gesture was conceived not as an erasure of the existence, but as a dialogue with the site's embedded texture, allowing old and new to coexist and creating a new identity of the campus.

蛇口学校坐落在该地区的地形高点。从南门进入后的第一个开放空间是一个不规则的室外区域，缺乏基本的空间围合。这个过渡区域包含三个分散的部分：最西端的临时用餐区，南侧的简单学校大门，以及东端的废弃三角形角落。在这个三角形的角落旁边是现有的厨房和物流入口，它远离西餐区，产生了功能问题。

First Courtyard "Vestibule": Flow & GatheringShekou School sits at the topographical high point of the district. The first open space after entering from the south gate is an irregular outdoor area which lack of basic spatial enclosure. This transitional zone harbored three fragmented parts: a provisional dining area at the far west end, a simple school gate on the south side, and an abandoned triangular corner at the east end. Next to this triangular corner was the existing kitchen and logistics entrance, which locates far from the western dining area creating a functional problem.

进入南门后，这个不规则的空间可以被理解为一个超大的“前庭”，核心策略是创造一个空间层次，重新组织行人流动和聚集。我们设想了一个覆盖的通道系统，沿着“前庭”的蛇形轮廓，将三个部分整合为一个整体：西侧的扩展用餐空间，南侧的新大门，以及东侧三角形角落的新增用餐空间。连续覆盖的通道与校园边界沿线的成熟树木形成共生界面，为前厅带来一种封闭感。

This irregular space after entering the south gate could be interpreted as an oversized "vestibule", the core strategy is to create a spatial hierarchy reorganizing the pedestrian flow and gathering. We conceived a covered pathway system tracing the serpentine contours of the "vestibule"，integrating three parts as a whole: the expanded dining space on the west side, the new gate on the south side, and the newly added dining space in the triangle corner on the east side. The continuous covered pathway engages in a symbiotic interface with the mature trees along the campus boundary, bringing a sense of enclosure to the vestibule.

改造后，新的校门在视觉上从原有的地形中生长出来，强调体量的坚固性。大门界面的二元性允许不同的姿态：在城市一侧作为大跨度洞穴，而在校园一侧作为柱廊立面。柱子的位置与广场原有石雕的铺装网格保持一致，底部6厘米高的柱子基座的“缺失”表达了新旧之间的对话，为新大门带来了雕塑般的质感。

After the renovation, the new school gate grew out from the original terrain visually, emphasizing the solidity of the volume. The duality of the gate interface allows different gesture: on the urban side as a large-span cave, while on the campus side as colonnaded facade. The column positions aligns with the paving grid of the square's original stonework, and the "absence" of the 6cm high column base at the bottom articulates a dialogue between old and new, bringing a sense of sculptural quality to the new gate.

覆盖的通道沿着三角形区域的自然坡度转变成多个用餐平台，形成不同尺度的庭院，创造舒适的用餐环境。这些平台的棱角轮廓精确地适应了场地的三角形几何形状和现有树木，同时为架空的钢树冠结构激发了动态伞状框架几何形状。在紧凑的三角形场地内，平台的绿色与现有的树木建立了亲密的关系，具有垂直纹理的铝板也响应了景观的微妙尺度，创造了独特的空间氛围，并形成了一个更积极的街道界面。

The covered pathway transforms into several dining platforms following the natural slope in the triangle aera, formulating different courtyards with appropriate scales, creating a comfortable dining environment. The angular contours of these platforms adapt to the site's triangular geometry and existing trees precisely, simultaneously inspiring a dynamic umbrella-like framework geometry for the overhead steel canopy structure. Within the compact triangular site, the green color of the platform allows an intimate relationship with the existing trees and the aluminum panel with vertical texture also responds to the subtle scale of the landscape, creating a distinctive spatial atmosphere and formulating a more positive interface to the street.

第二院落“中庭”：体量与表面第二院落由几栋建筑围合而成，是一个规则的广场，学生的活动相对集中，就像一个大的中庭。我们主要通过处理最初的负垂直界面来提高外部空间的质量：我们完成了建筑的碎片化体量，并通过绘画将最初的窗墙系统立面转变为柱板图案，这使建筑对公共操场具有相对开放的姿态。同时，原先突出的中央幕墙被拆除，作为半户外的“表演平台”，与孩子们的活力活动创造了亲密的观看动态。

Second Courtyard "Atrium": Volume and SurfaceThe second courtyard enclosed by several buildings is a regular square where the activities of students are relatively concentrated, like a large atrium. We improved the quality of this external space mainly by dealing with the initial negative vertical interface: We complete the fragmented volume of the building and transform the initial window-wall system facade into a column-and-slab motif merely by painting, which gives the building a relative open gesture towards the public playground. Meanwhile, the formerly protruding central curtain wall was removed and reversed as a semi-outdoor "performance platform", creating an intimate viewing dynamic with the children's energetic activities.

三院“客厅”：与景观共鸣蛇口学校的三院是最公共的空间——运动场。它的功能是作为一个户外客厅聚集整个学校社区。我们没有明确区分建筑和景观，而是将建筑和现有的树木视为一个交响乐界面。艺术建筑的北立面沿着其长轴作为“户外客厅”的视觉锚点。在完成建筑的体量后，白色的凉廊立面形成了面向室外开放空间的正式立面，同时作为一个安静的背景依偎在树木之间。

Third Courtyard "Living Room": Resonance with LandscapeThe third courtyard in Shekou school is the most public space — the sports field. It functions as an outdoor living room gathering the entire school community. Instead of a clear distinction between buildings and landscape, we conceive buildings and existing trees as a symphonic interface. The north facade of the Art Building performs as a visual anchor point of the "outdoor living room" along its long axis. After completing the building's volume, the white loggia facade formulates a formal face towards the outdoor open space and acts simultaneously as a quiet background nestled among the trees.

对于坐落在树冠内的西部建筑群，我们在立面和屋顶上实施了森林绿色的钢格栅系统，覆盖了立面上的空调单元，并在建筑顶部定义了一个类似方舟的层，为公共平台提供庇护。多孔钢屏风创造了一个动态的面纱，将阳光过滤到不断变化的阴影和亮度模式中，与周围的景观形成有机的对话。在建筑群之间的花园中，一个小花园桥作为大方舟的双胞胎呼应了类似的建筑语言，形成了三维的相互作用，创造了身临其境的空间体验。

For the west building clusters nestled within tree canopies, we implemented a forest-green steel grating system across their facades and rooftops, covering AC units on the facade and defining an ark-like layer on the top of the building sheltering a public platform. The porous steel screens create a dynamic veil that filters sunlight into ever-shifting patterns of shadow and luminance as an organic dialogue resonating with the surrounding landscape. In the garden between the building cluster, a small garden bridge as a twin counterpart of the Big Ark echoes an analogous architectural language, forming a three-dimensional interplay, creating an immersive spatial experience.