100多年前，号称“永不沉没”（unsinkable）的泰坦尼克号在它的第一次航行中（maiden voyage）——从英国南安普顿出发驶向美国纽约——就撞上冰山，仅2小时40分后，游轮在大西洋沉没。
鲜为人知的是，在这艘船上，曾有8名中国乘客，其中6人幸存。他们下落如何，又因何长期被人遗忘？
近日，随着纪录片《六人：泰坦尼克上的中国幸存者》在中国上映，这段故事也终于被公之于众。
"The Six", a documentary exploring the little-known history of how some Chinese passengers managed to survive after Titanic struck an iceberg, has been screened in cinemas across China since April 16, a day after the 109th anniversary of the legendary ship's sinking.
被“剪掉”的真相
船上有6名中国幸存者
On the ship there were eight Chinese men who had previously worked on cargo ships travelling around Europe. They boarded the Titanic in England on a single ticket listing eight names, staying in the third-class cabin.
Five days later, the ship sank to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. More than 1,500 people died.
Evidence suggests that the Chinese passengers worked as a group to escape from their cabin. They got to the boat decks early and waited there. 证据显示这几名中国乘客集体行动，逃离了船舱，早早赶到了救生艇甲板等待救援。
The last survivor, known as Fang Lang, fell or jumped into the water. He seemed to have swum around for about 20 to 30 minutes before being pulled out by British officer Harold Lowe.
抹黑中国幸存者
不公正背后的种族歧视
在电影《泰坦尼克号》中，为了给电影主线让步，一段中国人的镜头被删掉了。这一片段讲述的正是方荣山的故事。6名中国幸存者中，关于方荣山的记载最多。
《六人》监制 、《泰坦尼克号》导演卡梅隆表示，方荣山可能是最后一个被救起的人，这也是电影中女主获救情节的灵感来源。
Fang Lang, also named Fang Wing Sun, a Chinese man who was perhaps the last survivor rescued by the returning No 14 Lifeboat, inspired James Cameron to create the iconic scene of his blockbuster Titanic, in which Leonardo Di Caprio, who starred as Jack, leaves the chances of survival to Kate Winslet's Rose by pushing his beloved onto a floating door.
在《幸存者讲述的泰坦尼克号的故事》一书中，二等舱的白人女乘客科利尔回忆道：“当他（方荣山）被救后，主动替换已经精疲力尽的水手帮忙划桨。他像个英雄一般划着船，直到我们被大船救起。”
One of the sailors near to him was so tired that he could hardly pull his oar. [Fang Lang] bustled over, pushed him from his seat, took the oar and worked like a hero until we were finally picked up.
图源：VCG
"I'd save the likes o' him six times over, if I got the chance", said the officer.
图源：CFP
而在美国的检查站，6名中国乘客被带有偏见的目光上下打量。不会说英语，又丢失掉了所有能证明身份的文件，他们被怀疑是“偷渡客”，被拒绝入境美国。
After the disaster, the experience of the six survivors in the United States was not pleasant. The discriminatory Chinese Exclusion Act, which was in force at the time, meant they had to leave the country within 24 hours. 劫后余生，这六名乘客在美国的境遇却并不令人愉快。当时，美国正在贯彻充满歧视性的《排华法案》，这意味着他们要在24小时内离境。
精疲力尽的六人在救援船上被扣押一晚后，次日便被塞上一艘去往古巴的水果商船。
Unlike other passengers who were put up in local hotels or treated in hospitals for their injuries, the six Chinese had to stay on the rescue ship overnight, and were moved to a departing ship the following day.
其他的乘客都被安排住旅馆，或被送医治疗，这六名中国人却整宿扣押在救援船上，第二天即被送上离开美国的轮船。
最终，在6名幸存者中，只有方荣山设法返回美国，成为了一名商人。亚林被遣送到香港或上海，下落不明；严喜一直在海上当船员，最后去了印度，下落不明；钟捷在随后的航行中染上肺病，不久在英国病逝；胡中因为同音的名字实在太多，目前仍未确认他的身份。李炳几经辗转，抵达加拿大，在当地开了一家咖啡馆。
探寻真相
美国从未停止对亚裔的歧视
事实上，从1910年到1940年的30年间，更多试图从西海岸入境美国的中国人，都要在旧金山湾区的天使移民站接受检查、消毒与讯问。
在天使岛移民站，先后拘禁过17.5万中国人，他们最短的被拘禁两周，最长可达到两年之久。
如今，纪录片《六人》的制片人罗彤在接受采访时，也提到了拍摄团队入境美国时，遭到的不公正待遇。
Giving the instances that Titanic stories were retold to explore moral values, the difference between women and men and the class discrimination, Arthur Jones, the documentary's director says they hope to look at Titanic from a fresh perspective that tells "how society deals with issues of ethnicity and nationality and how that affects people's lives".
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