5月22日，一批载有35吨婴儿配方奶粉的美国军用飞机从德国抵达美国印第安纳波利斯，以解决美国全国范围内的“奶粉荒”。
A shipment of 35 tons of baby formula has arrived Sunday in Indianapolis on a US military aircraft from Germany to address a nationwide shortage.
图源：Getty Images
当天，美国纽约市长亚当斯签署了行政命令，宣布该市进入“紧急状态”，要求市消费者和劳工保护局严禁哄抬价格的行为。
New York City mayor Eric Adams issued a state of emergency Sunday in hopes of curbing price gouging amid the baby formula shortage.
实际上，美国国内婴幼儿配方奶粉短缺情况已持续数月，起初归因于供应链不畅和工人短缺。今年年初，美国最大奶粉供应商雅培公司因产品安全问题召回数款配方奶粉、涉事工厂停产，令“奶粉荒”雪上加霜。
The situation is a result of a combination of global supply chain issues, and one of the leading US manufacturers having to shut down its factory following contamination. HHS pointed to the January recall of "certain powdered infant formulas" by industry leader Abbott Nutrition as a catalyst for the shortages.
图源：福克斯新闻
此次军机运送奶粉是拜登启动的“飞行配方奶粉行动”（Operation Fly Formula）的一部分，该行动授权国防部用军用飞机来运送外国婴儿配方奶粉。
报道称，这批配方奶源自瑞士苏黎世，用卡车运到德国后，再装上C-17运输机空运到美国。
The formula originated from Zurich, Switzerland, and was trucked to Germany, where it was loaded on the C-17 and flown to the US. The prescription formula will be distributed to areas around the country where there is the most acute need, a Biden administration official earlier told CNN.
图源：Getty Images
在印第安纳波利斯迎接运抵奶粉的美国农业部长汤姆·维尔萨克说，22日运抵的奶粉可供9000名婴儿和18000名幼儿食用一周。
Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, who greeted the arrival of the delivery in Indianapolis, said Sunday's shipment — the first of Operation Fly Formula — would provide enough formula for 9,000 babies and 18,000 toddlers for one week.
据悉，这批运抵的奶粉是低过敏性奶粉，用于喂养对牛奶蛋白质不耐受的婴儿。另外，白宫表示，美国国防部已安排第二班奶粉专机，将在几天内从欧洲出发。
为加强应对措施，美国总统拜登还援引《国防生产法案》增加国内奶粉产量。这些授权将允许奶粉生产公司优先获得婴儿配方奶粉所需的原材料，如糖、玉米糖浆、过滤器等。
The Biden administration on Sunday evening announced the first two Defense Production Act authorizations for infant formula amid the ongoing nationwide formula shortage. The authorizations would allow those companies to urgently receive materials such as sugar, corn syrup, filters, which help make formula.
图源：新华社
尽管如此，“一罐难求”的问题依然笼罩着美国。在五月初，43%的婴儿配方奶粉处于缺货状态。一位母亲在接受《纽约时报》采访时，称这种情况是“一场噩梦”。
As the formula shortage continues to grip the US, many parents have been left struggling to access the product they rely on to feed their babies. At the start of May, 43 percent of baby formula was out of stock at retailers. One mother, speaking to the New York Times, described the situation as "a nightmare".
美国婴儿奶粉断货率。图源：Datasembly
据《纽约时报》报道，雅培公司生产的婴幼儿奶粉占美国本土市场高达48%的份额，美国奶粉危机也显示出美国奶粉行业高度集中垄断的问题。
当地时间21日，雅培公司首席执行官罗伯特·福特在《华盛顿邮报》发表专栏文章，为该公司在美国深陷“奶粉荒”中扮演的角色道歉。
福特在文章中表示，雅培公司2月召回所有密歇根州斯特吉斯工厂生产的配方奶后导致该国奶粉短缺，此前美国联邦卫生官员在该工厂发现一种潜在的致命细菌。据称，全美25%的配方奶粉都由该工厂生产。
雅培公司还决定，将俄亥俄州工厂的成人奶粉生产线用于生产婴儿配方奶粉，另外还将从旗下位于爱尔兰的工厂调运配方奶粉。
编辑：商桢
实习生：张玺
来源：CNN 环球网 新华社 卫报 纽约时报
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