The city of Philadelphia issued an apology Thursday for the unethical medical experiments performed on mostly Black inmates at its Holmesburg Prison from the 1950s through the 1970s.
unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/：不道德的
inmate /ˈɪnmeɪt/ ：监犯；(精神病院的) 住院者
事发监狱 图源：AP
据费城市政府发表的声明，上世纪50年代至70年代，费城霍姆斯伯格监狱的囚犯被故意暴露于药品、病毒、霉菌、石棉、甚至二噁英之中。接受这些实验的囚犯绝大多数是非洲裔，许多人是文盲，他们在监狱里等待起诉，试图攒钱保释。
据报道，这些实验由宾夕法尼亚大学研究者阿尔伯特·克利格曼进行，涉及皮肤病、生物化学和制药研究，许多囚犯因为这些实验留下终身疤痕和健康问题。
阿尔伯特·克利格曼资料图 图源：费城问询报
Kligman forcibly removed the subjects’ thumbnails and infected them with ringworm, according to previous CNN reporting, among other chilling trials that left the subjects wounded and disoriented.
克利格曼于2010年去世。宾夕法尼亚大学去年发表道歉声明，并将克利格曼的名字从该校一些名誉称号中去除。
The city allowed University of Pennsylvania researcher Dr. Albert Kligman to conduct the dermatological, biochemical and pharmaceutical experiments that intentionally exposed about 300 inmates to viruses, fungus, asbestos and chemical agents including dioxin — a component of Agent Orange. The vast majority of Kligman's experiments were performed on Black men, many of whom were awaiting trial and trying to save money for bail, and many of whom were illiterate, the city said.
爱德华·安东尼讲述他在监狱实验中的遭遇 图源：AP
声明说，这是美国历史上对有色人种进行不光彩和不道德医学实验的又一悲剧案例。
This is yet another tragic example of disgraceful and unethical practices of medical experimentation on people of color throughout our country’s history.
费城市长吉姆·肯尼表示，虽然发生在数十年前，但这种医学种族主义实践造成的历史影响和创伤已经持续了几代，直至今日，必须反思过去的暴行。
“没有任何借口，我们正式向那些遭受非人道和可怕虐待的人致以真诚的道歉。同时我们也很抱歉，时隔这么久才作出这番道歉。”肯尼称。
Philadelphia Mayor Jim Kenney said in the apology that the experiments exploited a vulnerable population and the impact of that medical racism has extended for generations.
"Without excuse, we formally and officially extend a sincere apology to those who were subjected to this inhumane and horrific abuse. We are also sorry it took far too long to hear these words," Kenney wrote.
前费城霍姆斯伯格监狱的囚犯在抗议 图源：费城问询报
另据历史资料显示，美国联邦政府公共卫生部门1932年开始在亚拉巴马州与塔斯基吉学院合作，招募数百名非洲裔美国人作为实验对象研究梅毒及其对人体的危害，却没有妥善医治实验对象。40年后，这项实验才被叫停，白宫为此发表了总统道歉书。
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