法律研究 | 安杰世泽劳动法律观察（2025年7月刊）

最高法发布《最高人民法院关于审理劳动争议案件适用法律问题的解释（二）》

The Supreme People's Court Issued the "Interpretation II of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases"

2025年8月1日，最高人民法院举行新闻发布会，发布《最高人民法院关于审理劳动争议案件适用法律问题的解释（二）》（以下简称《解释二》）及典型案例，并回答记者提问。《解释二》共二十一条，针对竞业限制、混同用工、社会保险纠纷等社会关切问题统一法律适用标准，依法保障劳动者和用人单位合法权益。《解释二》将自2025年9月1日起施行。

On August 1, 2025, the Supreme People's Court held a press conference to release the "Interpretation II of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Labor Dispute Cases" (hereinafter referred to as "Interpretation II") and typical cases, and answered questions from journalists. The Interpretation II consists of twenty-one articles, which clarify the application of law on non-compete, mixed employment, and social insurance disputes, etc., to protect the legitimate rights and interests of both employees and employers. The Interpretation II will come into effect on September 1, 2025.

《关于扩大新就业形态人员职业伤害保障试点的通知》于2025年7月1日起施行

The "Notice on Expanding the Pilot Program for Occupational Injury Protection for Workers Working under New Employment Forms" came into effect on July 1, 2025

人力资源和社会保障部等九部门联合印发的《关于扩大新就业形态人员职业伤害保障试点的通知》自2025年7月1日起施行。《通知》明确，2025年7月1日起，新就业形态人员职业伤害保障试点新增天津、河北、辽宁、浙江、安徽、福建、山东、湖北、广西、宁夏等10个省份和滴滴出行、顺丰同城、滴滴货运、满帮省省等平台企业；2026年，计划将试点扩大到全国所有省份，并将出行、即时配送、同城货运三个行业的平台企业总体纳入；2027年，探索将其他行业的平台企业纳入试点范围。

The "Notice on Expanding the Pilot Program for Occupational Injury Protection for Workers Working under New Employment Forms", jointly issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and eight other departments, came into effect on July 1, 2025. According to the Notice:

- Starting from July 1, 2025, the application of pilot program for occupational injury protection will be expanded to 10 more provinces, including Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Shandong, Hubei, Guangxi, and Ningxia, and to platforms including DiDi ChuXing, SoFast, DiDi Freight, and ManBang ShengSheng.

- By 2026, the pilot program is expected to cover all provinces nationwide, as well as platform enterprises in the ride-hailing, instant delivery, and same-city freight sectors.

- By 2027, the pilot program will explore expanding coverage to platform enterprises in other industries.

人力资源社会保障部办公厅发布《关于做好2025年高温天气劳动者权益保障工作的通知》

The General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Released the "Notice on Ensuring the Rights and Interests of Workers in High-Temperature Weather in 2025"

2025年7月18日，人力资源社会保障部办公厅发布《关于做好2025年高温天气劳动者权益保障工作的通知》。该通知要求各地严格落实高温作业时间规定，日最高气温达40℃以上时停止室外露天作业，37℃至40℃时每日露天作业不超过6小时，并禁止安排怀孕女职工和未成年工在35℃以上高温天气下作业。此外该通知强调，针对快递员、外卖骑手等新就业形态劳动者，平台企业需提供防护用品、调整配送时间并增发高温补贴。

On July 18, 2025, the General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security released the "Notice on Ensuring the Rights and Interests of Workers in High-Temperature Weather in 2025". The Notice requires local authorities to strictly enforce regulations on working hours in high temperature, which stipulate that outdoor work must be suspended when the daily maximum temperature exceeds 40°C, and there is no more than six hours per day on outdoor work when the temperature ranges between 37°C and 40°C, and pregnant employees and underage workers are prohibited from working outdoors when the temperature exceeds 35°C. The Notice emphasizes that platform companies must provide protective equipment, adjust delivery schedules, and increase high-temperature subsidies for workers working under new employment forms, such as package delivery drivers and food delivery riders.

中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《育儿补贴制度实施方案》

The General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council Issued the "Implementation Plan for the Childcare Subsidy System"

2025年7月28日，国家育儿补贴制度实施方案公布，从2025年1月1日起，无论一孩、二孩、三孩，每年均可领取3600元补贴，直至年满3周岁。对2025年1月1日之前出生、不满3周岁的婴幼儿，按应补贴月数折算计发补贴。对按照育儿补贴制度规定发放的育儿补贴免征个人所得税。在最低生活保障对象、特困人员等救助对象认定时，育儿补贴不计入家庭或个人收入。

方案明确，育儿补贴由婴幼儿的父母一方或其他监护人按规定向婴幼儿户籍所在地申领，主要通过育儿补贴信息管理系统线上申请，也可线下申请，各省份结合实际确定具体发放时间。

On July 28, 2025, the "Implementation Plan for Childcare Subsidy System" was officially released. Starting from January 1, 2025, families will receive an annual subsidy of 3,600 yuan per child—covering families with one, two or three children—until each child reaches 3 years of age. For the child born before January 1, 2025 but still under 3 years old, the subsidy will be calculated and disbursed based on the remaining eligible months. The subsidy distributed under this system is exempt from personal income tax. Additionally, when determining eligibility for social assistance programs (such as low-income households or persons in extremely poor), the subsidies will not be counted as household or individual income.

The plan specifies that the subsidy should be applied for by either parent or another legal guardian in the place of household registration of the child. Applications can be submitted through the online Childcare Subsidy Information Management System, and offline applications are also permitted. Each province may determine the specific disbursement schedule based on local conditions.

北京市第一中级人民法院发布涉竞业限制典型案例

Beijing No.1 Intermediate People's Court Released Typical Cases Involving Non-Compete Disputes.

2025年7月29日，北京市第一中级人民法院召开新闻发布会，介绍相关案件审理情况及提升审判质效的经验做法，同时发布涉竞业限制典型案例。发布会通报，北京市第一中级人民法院在2020年至2025年6月期间审结涉竞业限制劳动争议案件432件，占同期劳动争议案件量的3.72%，案件量较2014至2019年期间增长了104.73%。

On July 29, 2025, Beijing No.1 Intermediate People's Court held a press conference to introduce the adjudication of relevant cases and share best practices for improving trial quality and efficiency. The court also released typical cases involving non-compete dispute. According to the briefing, Beijing No.1 Intermediate People's Court concluded 432 non-compete disputes during the period from 2020 to June 2025, accounting for 3.72% of the total labor dispute cases during that period. The number of such cases increased by 104.73% compared to the period from 2014 to 2019.

北京市上调最低工资标准

Beijing Raised the Minimum Wage Standard

自2025年9月1日起，北京调整最低工资标准。月最低工资标准由每月2,420元调整为2,540元，非全日制从业人员小时最低工资标准由每小时26.4元调整为27.7元。

Starting from September 1, 2025, Beijing will raise the minimum wage from RMB 2,420 to RMB 2,540, and the minimum hourly wage for part-time employees from RMB 26.4 to RMB 27.7.

上海市上调最低工资标准

Shanghai Raised the Minimum Wage Standard

从2025年7月1日起，上海调整最低工资标准。月最低工资标准从2,690元调整到2,740元，月最低工资不包含：（1）延长工作时间的工资；（2）夏季高温津贴、中夜班津贴及有毒有害等特殊工作环境下的岗位津贴；（3）伙食补贴、上下班交通费补贴、住房补贴；（4）个人依法缴纳的社会保险费和住房公积金。小时最低工资标准从24元调整为25元，小时最低工资不包括个人和单位依法缴纳的社会保险费。

Since July 1, 2025, Shanghai has raised the monthly minimum wage from RMB 2,690 to RMB 2,740. The monthly minimum wage does not include: (1) overtime pay; (2) summer high-temperature allowances, night-shift allowances, and hazardous-work environment subsidies; (3) meal allowances, commuting subsidies, and housing allowances; (4) social insurance and housing fund paid by individuals. Hourly minimum wage has been raised from RMB 24 yuan to RMB 25. The hourly minimum wage does not include social insurance paid by both individuals and employers.

河南省人力资源和社会保障厅、河南省财政厅发布《关于2025年调整退休人员基本养老金的通知》

The Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Henan Province and the Department of Finance of Henan Province Issued the "Notice on Adjusting the Basic Pension for Retirees in 2025"

2025年7月24日，河南省人力资源和社会保障厅、河南省财政厅发布《关于2025年调整退休人员基本养老金的通知》。该通知明确，从2025年1月1日起，为2024年12月31日前已按规定办理退休手续并按月领取基本养老金的退休人员增加基本养老金，每人每月增加27元。

On July 24, 2025, the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Henan Province and the Department of Finance of Henan Province issued the "Notice on Adjusting the Basic Pension for Retirees in 2025." The Notice requires that starting from January 1, 2025, the basic monthly pension should be increased by RMB 27 for retirees who had completed retirement procedures as required before December 31, 2024, and are receiving basic pensions on a monthly basis.

最高人民法院关于审理劳动争议案件适用法律问题的解释（二）

法释〔2025〕12号

关于做好2025年高温天气劳动者权益保障工作的通知

人社厅函〔2025〕113号

育儿补贴制度实施方案

发文机关：中共中央办公厅,国务院办公厅

实行日期：2025年7月28日

公司因违反《雇佣条例》被判罚款五万四千元（2025年7月4日）

Company fined $54,000 for contravening Employment Ordinance（July 4, 2025)

坚毅工程顾问有限公司因违反《雇佣条例》的规定，被劳工处检控。该公司七月四日在观塘裁判法院承认控罪，被判罚款五万四千元。此外，法院亦命令该公司须向有关雇员支付合共约十万七千元的欠款。上述公司故意及无合理辩解违反《雇佣条例》的规定，没有在工资期届满后七天内支付工资予三名雇员，涉及款项合共约二十一万六千元。

劳工处发言人说：“有关裁决向所有雇主发出强烈信息，他们有责任遵从《雇佣条例》的规定，在法定期限内发放工资给雇员。”

发言人续说：“劳工处不会容忍上述违法行为，并会严厉执法，竭尽所能保障雇员的法定权益。”

Kinetic Consultants Limited was prosecuted by the Labour Department (LD) for violating the requirements under the Employment Ordinance (EO). The company pleaded guilty at the Kwun Tong Magistrates' Courts on July 4 and was fined $54,000. The company was also ordered to pay an outstanding sum of about $107,000 to the employees concerned. The company wilfully and without reasonable excuse contravened the requirements of the EO, failing to pay three employees' wages within seven days after the expiry of the wage periods, totalling about $216,000.

"The ruling will disseminate a strong message to all employers that they have to pay wages to employees within the statutory time limit stipulated in the EO," a spokesman for the LD said.

"The LD will not tolerate these offences and will spare no effort in enforcing the law and safeguarding employees' statutory rights," the spokesman added.

承建商因违反安全法例被判罚款（2025年7月8日）

Contractor fined for violation of safety legislation（July 8, 2025)

天源建筑工程有限公司因违反《工厂及工业经营条例》的规定，被劳工处检控，七月八日在观塘裁判法院被判罚款十三万元。

案情涉及一宗于2023年5月3日在葵涌一个货柜码头发生的致命意外。一名工人在进行混凝土行驶道重建工程时，被一部轮胎式龙门架起重机辗过身亡。

Tin Yuen Construction Engineering Limited was fined $130,000 at the Kwun Tong Magistrates' Courts on July 8 for the violation of the Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance. The prosecution was launched by the Labour Department.

The case involved a fatal accident that occurred on May 3, 2023, at a container terminal in Kwai Chung. A worker was run over by a rubber-tyred gantry crane and died while carrying out concrete runway reconstruction work.

积金局2025年7月共有97宗追讨强积金欠款的执法案例，还有9宗其他违反《强制性公积金计划条例》具体条款的案件，相关案例记录详见：违规雇主及高级人员纪录 - 积金局 (mpfa.org.hk)

人才办举办线上线下招聘会吸纳国际人才配合本港创科发展（2025年7月15日）

HKTE hosts online and offline career fairs to attract global talent dovetailing Hong Kong's I&T development (July 15, 2025)

香港人才服务办公室（人才办）发言人七月十五日表示，为助力香港成为国际创新科技中心，人才办过去三星期举办三场线上线下招聘会，积极招揽国际创科人才来港发展，为打造香港成为国际高端人才集聚高地作出贡献。

人才办七月十及十一日举办线上招聘会，邀请47家知名企业及机构参与，提供近2000个优质职位空缺，涵盖数据中心营运、网络安全和商业分析等领域。

A spokesman for Hong Kong Talent Engage (HKTE) said on July 15 that to support Hong Kong's development as an international innovation and technology (I&T) hub, HKTE had organised three online and offline career fairs during the past three weeks to proactively attract global I&T talent to pursue development in Hong Kong, with a view to contributing to building Hong Kong into an international hub for high-calibre talent.

HKTE held a online career fair on July 10 and 11, featuring 47 renowned enterprises and organisations, to offer nearly 2 000 quality job vacancies across sectors such as data centre operations, cyber security and business analysis.

关于北京市一中院涉竞业限制典型案例的几点思考

作者：刘正赫、康婷

2025年7月29日，北京市第一中级人民法院（“北京一中院”）召开新闻发布会。在发布会上，北京一中院发布涉竞业限制典型案例6例，并就该院审理竞业限制案件情况进行通报。根据通报，近年来北京一中院审理的竞业限制争议案件在数量上呈现上升态势，随之而来的，与该类案件相关的“竞业限制要义认识模糊、对竞争关系理解偏差、劳动者规避形式日趋隐匿、违约金约定畸高”等问题也逐渐显现。

北京一中院及时发布涉竞业限制典型案例，旨在聚焦竞业限制领域司法实践中的多发争议热点，并通过个案实现规则治理。这一批典型案例涉及公众普遍关注的竞业限制人员与竞争关系的认定、在职期间支付的竞业限制补偿是否有效、仅未履行任职报告义务是否需要支付违反竞业限制义务违约金、解除竞业限制义务的方式等问题。典型案例所体现出的裁判要旨，部分与司法实践中的主流观点一以贯之，部分基于社会发展、社会创新需求融入了新的观点。

一、对竞业限制人员范围的认定，进一步加大了用人单位对于劳动者知悉保密事项的举证责任

二、竞争关系的认定，不以名单论，仍需对新旧用人单位的业务进行实质审查

三、经济补偿金应理解为同一笔债务，仲裁时效以竞业限制期限届满之日起算

四、小结

北京市第一中级人民法院发布涉竞业限制典型案例

（发布时间：2025年7月29日）

案例一 竞业限制人员范围的认定

案例二 竞争关系的认定

案例三 竞业限制经济补偿的支付

案例四 竞业限制经济补偿的时效计算

案例五 劳动者仅未履行报告义务的无需支付竞业限制违约金

案例六 解除竞业限制义务应以明示方式作出

重庆市高级人民法院发布2025年度涉竞业限制类劳动争议典型案例

案例一 用人单位以其不支付竞业限制补偿为由主张竞业限制协议自动解除的，是否予以支持

案例二 主体不适格，竞业限制条款是否有效

案例三 用人单位以补签竞业限制条款的形式约束劳动者在前的兼职行为的，是否予以支持

案例四 用人单位在劳动者离职后对《竞业限制协议》进行签章且主张竞业限制协议有效的，是否予以支持

案例五 离职员工虚假报告竞业限制期内的任职情况，未履行竞业限制义务的，是否应承担违约责任

2025年7月24日，安杰世泽劳动法团队合伙人孙琳律师围绕劳动人事领域新规、典型案例及热点话题为某某世界五百强工业企业提供劳动法实务培训。

 On July 24, 2025, Partner Sun Lin from AnJie Broad Law Firm's Labor and Employment Team, provided practical training on labor law for a Fortune 500 industrial enterprise, covering recent regulatory updates, typical case, and hot topics in the field of labor and personnel management.

声 明

文章仅代表作者观点，不视为安杰世泽律师事务所正式法律意见或建议。如需转载或引用请注明出处。如有任何问题，欢迎与本所联系。