国际学生安全指南系列之交通安全篇 | Int’l Student Safety Guide for Traffic Safety

在中国驾驶，持有合法有效的驾驶证是基本要求。对于持有国际驾照的同学，需了解中国对国际驾照的认可情况，并适时转换为中国的驾驶证。转换流程包括体检、理论考试、路考等步骤，请务必通过正规渠道申请。同时，注意驾照的有效期，及时办理换证手续。

请注意：电动两轮轻便摩托车和电动两轮普通摩托车均属于机动车，须考取相应驾驶资格的机动车驾驶证，并上摩托车牌照缴纳交强险后方才可上路。宁波市中心城区（包括宁波大学），禁止摩托车通行。

To drive in China, possessing a valid driver's license is a basic requirement. For students holding international driver's licenses, it is necessary to understand China's recognition of international licenses and convert them to Chinese driver's licenses in a timely manner. The conversion process includes physical examinations, theoretical exams, road tests, and other steps. Please ensure to apply through formal channels to avoid risks associated with illegal intermediaries. Additionally, pay attention to the validity period of your license and promptly handle renewal procedures.

Note: Electric moped (max speed<50 km/h) and Electric motorcycle (max speed>50 km/h) are both classified as motor vehicles.

The drivers must meet the following three requirements to be allowed on the road:

-obtain the corresponding driving licenses for motor vehicles

-register for motorcycle license plates

-pay Compulsory Liability Insurance for Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents

In Ningbo, central urban area （including Ningbo University）are designated as “no-motorcycle zones” where motorcycles are prohibited.

购买电动车时，应选择正规、有资质的商家。避免从非正规渠道获取车辆，以免遭遇法律纠纷或安全问题。同时，要选购正规合格的电动车及配件，不合格的电动车、电池、电线、充电器会增加火灾风险。电动自行车应当取得并悬挂公安机关交通管理部门核发的合法号牌后，方可上路行驶。

l  建议选择知名度高、口碑好的品牌，查询产品“三包”期限和当地售后服务网点数量，方便后期维修保养。

l  查验车辆CCC认证标志，核对合格证与车辆整体外观的一致性（尤其是鞍座长度），若有较大出入，可能为经销商擅自改装，会影响骑行安全。

l  选购时需感受车辆启动、加速、行驶是否平稳，操纵是否舒适，检查刹车松紧度、车把灵活性、车轮活动性，确保适合自身操控。

l  严禁擅自改装或要求销售者改装电动自行车，避免留下安全隐患。

l  电动车须经公安机关交通管理部门登记备案，取得并按规定悬挂号牌，同时进行校内实名登记；车辆变更户主的，需再次实名登记。

Choose reputable and qualified merchants for E-bike purchasing. Avoid acquiring vehicles from informal channels to prevent legal disputes or safety issues. At the same time, it is important to purchase legitimate and qualified e-bikes and accessories, as unqualified e-bikes, batteries, wires, and chargers increase the risk of fire. Electric bicycles must obtain and hang a legal license plate issued by the traffic administrative department before they can be driven on the road.

1. Choose a brand with high recognition and a good reputation; inquire about the product’s "three guarantees" period and the number of local after-sales service outlets to facilitate future maintenance.

2. Verify the vehicle’s CCC certification mark and ensure the certificate of conformity matches the overall appearance of the bike (especially the saddle length). Significant discrepancies may indicate unauthorized modifications by the dealer, which could compromise riding safety.

3.  When selecting a bike, test whether it starts, accelerates, and rides smoothly, and whether the controls are comfortable. Check brake tension, handlebar flexibility, and wheel mobility to ensure the bike suits your handling needs.

4. Unauthorized modification of e-bikes or requesting modifications from sellers is strictly prohibited to avoid potential safety hazards.

5. Electric bikes must be registered with the traffic management department of the public security organs, obtain and display license plates as required, and undergo real-name registration on campus. If ownership is transferred, real-name registration must be completed again.

中国的交通规则与其他国家可能存在差异，如行人优先、右侧通行、限速规定等。熟悉并严格遵守当地交通规则，不仅是对自己负责，也是对他人生命的尊重。使用导航时，注意道路标识和限行信息，不闯红灯，不在禁止区域停车。

China's traffic rules may differ from those of other countries, such as pedestrian priority, driving on the right, and speed limits. Familiarize yourself with and strictly abide by local traffic rules. This is not only responsible for your own safety, but also shows respect for the lives of others. When using navigation, pay attention to road signs and restricted areas, do not run red lights, and do not park in prohibited areas.

驾驶电动自行车时，要注意行驶规范：

1. 骑电动车时必须佩戴头盔，这是保护头部、减轻伤害的最有效方式。

2. 电动车要在非机动车道内行驶，不逆行、不超速，通过人行道时注意避让行人。

3. 严禁骑电动车载人，禁止骑行时打电话、看手机、竞速嬉戏等分心行为。

4. 在十字路口需按照交通信号灯指示通行，服从交警指挥和管理，注意来往车辆。

5. 行驶中若遇车辆故障或制动失效，应下车推行。

When riding an e-bike, please observe the following traffic rules:

1. Always wear a helmet when riding an e-bike. This is the most effective way to protect your head and reduce injuries.

2. E-bikes must be ridden in the non-motorized vehicle lane. Do not ride against traffic or exceed the speed limit. When crossing a pedestrian crossing, yield to pedestrians.

3. It is strictly prohibited to carry passengers on an e-bike. Do not engage in distracting activities such as making phone calls, using a mobile phone, or racing while riding.

4. At intersections, follow traffic signal lights, obey traffic police instructions and management, and be mindful of oncoming vehicles.

5. If the vehicle malfunctions or the brakes fail while riding, dismount and push the vehicle.

同时，要遵守电动车停放和充电相关规定：

1. 严禁电动车进楼。严禁在疏散走道、安全出口、楼梯间停放电动车或者为电动车充电，更不能把电池带进房间充电。一旦起火，会阻断逃生通道，易造成人员伤亡。

2. 严禁占用、堵塞消防通道。电动车须在划定的非机动车停车位内停放整齐，不得乱停乱放，不得占用机动车停车位。消防通道是生命通道，严禁违规停放、占用堵塞消防通道，影响消防救援。

3.   严禁在易燃品附近充电。电动车充电时，要远离易燃易爆物品，以防电动车起火后造成更大的事故。

4.  严禁整夜充电。整夜充电且无人看管，一旦电池、电线等出现问题，极易引发火灾。尽量在白天充电，充满及时断电。

5. 严禁擅自改装。严禁擅自改装电池、加装音响、照明等，容易造成线路超负荷，引发火灾。

At the same time, it is necessary to abide by the regulations related to the parking and charging of electric bicycles:

1. It is strictly prohibited to bring electric vehicles inside buildings. Parking or charging of electric vehicles in evacuation corridors, safety exits, and stairs is also strictly forbidden. Batteries must not be brought into rooms for charging, as in the event of a fire, this could block escape routes and pose a significant risk of causing casualties.

2. It is strictly prohibited to occupy or block the fire passage. Electric bicycles must be parked in designated non-motor vehicle parking spaces and must not be parked randomly or occupy motor vehicle parking spaces. Fire passage concerns life safety. Random parking, occupying and blocking the fire escape will impact fire rescue efforts.

3. It is strictly forbidden to charge electric bicycles near flammable materials. When charging an electric vehicle, it is necessary to stay away from flammable and explosive materials to prevent greater accidents caused by the fire of the electric vehicle.

4. It is strictly forbidden to charge overnight while leaving it unattended. It can easily cause a fire if there is a problem with the battery, wires, etc. Try to charge it during the day, and turn off the power when it is full.

5. Unauthorized modification is strictly prohibited. It is strictly forbidden to modify the battery, install audio, lighting, etc. without authorization, which can easily cause overloads in wiring and lead to fires.

“十次事故九次快”，超速行驶是交通事故的主要原因之一。无论路况如何，都应保持安全车速，特别是在雨天、夜间或复杂路段，更要减速慢行，确保有足够的时间反应和制动。

"Nine out of ten accidents are caused by speeding." Speeding is one of the main causes of traffic accidents. Regardless of road conditions, maintain a safe speed. Especially in rainy weather, at night, or on complex road segments, reduce speed and drive slowly to ensure enough time for reaction and braking.

酒后驾车是极其危险且违法的行为，会导致严重的后果。法律规定，饮酒驾驶、醉酒驾驶（含摩托车）都要受到处罚。饮酒后驾驶机动车发生重大交通事故，构成犯罪的，以交通肇事罪定罪处罚，并由公安机关交通管理部门吊销机动车驾驶证，终生不得重新取得机动车驾驶证；醉酒驾驶机动车，涉嫌危险驾驶罪，根据刑法第一百三十三条之一第一款的规定，处拘役并处罚金；醉酒驾驶机动车发生重大交通事故，构成犯罪的，以交通肇事罪定罪处罚，并由公安机关交通管理部门吊销机动车驾驶证，终生不得重新取得机动车驾驶证。无论何种场合，都应坚决拒绝酒驾，可以选择公共交通、出租车或代驾等方式安全回家。

Driving under the influence of alcohol is extremely dangerous and illegal, leading to severe consequences. According to the law, both driving under the influence of alcohol and driving while intoxicated (including motorcycles) are subject to penalties. If a major traffic accident occurs as a result of operating a motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol, constituting a criminal offense, the offenders will be convicted and penalized for the crime of a traffic accident, and their driver licenses will be permanently revoked by the public security traffic management department, with no possibility of reinstatement. Intoxicated driving of a motor vehicle, constituting the offense of dangerous driving under Article 133(1) of the Criminal Law, is punishable by imprisonment and a fine. In the event that an offender driving a motor vehicle while intoxicated is involved in a major traffic accident, constituting a criminal offense, they will be convicted and penalized for the crime of a traffic accident and will have their motor vehicle driver's license permanently revoked by the public security traffic management department, with no possibility of reinstatement. Regardless of the occasion, resolutely refuse to drive under the influence and opt for public transportation, taxis, or designated drivers to return home safely.

无论驾驶何种车辆，出发前务必检查车辆状况。确保刹车灵敏、轮胎气压正常、灯光可正常使用、雨刷器能有效工作等，保证车辆处于最佳运行状态，降低途中故障风险。尤其注意电动自行车的方向控制是否灵敏，定期检查电池状态，确保车辆处于安全状态。

在暴雨、雷电、风雪、冰雨等极端天气下，尽量减少出行。若必须出行，驾驶汽车时要减速慢行，开启雾灯等警示灯；骑行电动车则需格外小心路面湿滑或积雪结冰情况，穿戴保暖、防水且具反光效果的衣物，提高可见性。

出行前告知家人或朋友自己的行程路线及预计返回时间，以便在发生意外时能及时获得救援。车内或随身可备有急救包、手电筒、防滑链（冬季出行必备）等应急物品。遇到交通事故等紧急情况，保持冷静，第一时间拨打报警电话，并准确告知事故地点等关键信息。

Regardless of the type of vehicle you are driving, it is essential to inspect its condition before departure. Ensure that the brakes are responsive, tire pressure is normal, lights function properly, and windshield wipers operate effectively, among other checks, to ensure the vehicle is in optimal operating condition and minimize the risk of breakdowns during the journey. Pay particular attention to the responsiveness of the steering control on electric bicycles, and regularly inspect the battery status to ensure the vehicle is in a safe condition.

Avoid traveling during extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain, thunderstorms, snowstorms, or freezing rain. If travel is necessary, drive slowly and use fog lights or other warning lights when driving a car. When riding an electric bicycle, exercise extra caution on slippery or icy roads. Wear warm, waterproof clothing with reflective elements to enhance visibility.

Before traveling, inform family members or friends of your travel route and estimated return time to ensure timely assistance in case of an emergency. Keep emergency items such as a first-aid kit, flashlight, and snow chains (essential for winter travel) in the vehicle or on your person. In case of a traffic accident or other emergency, remain calm, immediately call the police, and accurately provide key information such as the accident location.

使用安全带：

无论是驾驶员还是乘客，上车后第一时间系好安全带。

夜间谨慎出行：

夜间或视线不佳时，使用车灯，穿着反光衣，提高可见性。

避免分心驾驶：

开车时不使用手机、吃东西或进行其他影响注意力的活动。

紧急情况应对：

随身备有急救包，了解基本的急救知识，遇到交通事故时保持冷静、及时报警。校内交通事故可拨打校内报警电话（87600110），校外拨打 110。

• Using Seat Belts: Both drivers and passengers should fasten seat belts immediately after entering the vehicle.

• Cautious Night Travel: Use headlights and wear reflective clothing to improve visibility at night or in poor visibility conditions.

• Avoiding Distracted Driving: Do not use mobile phones, eat, or engage in other activities that distract attention while driving.

• Emergency Response: Carry a first-aid kit, understand basic first-aid knowledge, and stay calm and promptly call the police when encountering a traffic accident. For traffic accidents on campus, please call the campus emergency number (87600110). For accidents off campus, please call 110.

宁波大学国际交流学院

地址：浙江省宁波市风华路818号

宁波大学本部包玉书科学楼十号楼三楼