The Water Filtration System Project-Based Learning (PBL) activity is an engaging hands-on project that helps students understand how science and engineering can solve real-life problems. This activity allows learners to design, build, and test their own water filters using simple, readily available materials while exploring the science behind clean water and its importance to human life.
滤水系统项目式学习（PBL）活动是一项极具吸引力的实践项目，能帮助学生理解科学与工程如何解决现实生活中的问题。通过该活动，学习者可利用简单易得的材料设计、搭建并测试自己的滤水器，同时探究净水背后的科学原理及其对人类生活的重要性。
Steps and Materials Needed:
所需材料与步骤：
To create a basic water filter, students need a plastic bottle (cut in half), sand, gravel, activated charcoal, cotton, and dirty water. The steps are as follows:
制作基础滤水器，学生需准备一个塑料瓶（对半剪开）、沙子、碎石、活性炭、棉花以及脏水。
具体步骤如下：
1.Cut a plastic bottle in half and turn the top part upside down like a funnel.
将塑料瓶对半剪开，把上半部分倒置，使其像漏斗一样。
2.Place cotton or a coffee filter at the neck of the bottle to prevent fine materials from escaping.
在瓶口处放置棉花或咖啡滤纸，防止细小材料流失。
3.Add layers of activated charcoal, fine sand, and coarse gravel in sequence.
依次添加活性炭、细沙和粗碎石层。
4.Pour dirty water slowly into the filter and collect the filtered water that comes out from the bottom.
缓慢地将脏水倒入滤水器中，并收集从底部流出的过滤水。
5.Observe and record the results, then test and improve the design to enhance water clarity.
观察并记录结果，随后测试并改进设计，以提高水的清澈度。
Scientific Background:
科学背景：
The filtration process relies on physical and chemical principles. Gravel and sand remove large and small particles through mechanical filtration, while activated charcoal absorbs impurities, odors, and harmful chemicals through adsorption. These same principles are used in large-scale water treatment plants, combined with disinfection to produce potable water.
过滤过程依赖物理和化学原理。碎石和沙子通过机械过滤去除大小颗粒，而活性炭则通过吸附作用吸收杂质、异味和有害化学物质。这些原理同样应用于大型水处理厂，再结合消毒工艺，最终生产出饮用水（potable water）。
Importance to Our Lives:
生活意义：
Clean water is vital for drinking, sanitation, and agriculture. By performing this activity, students gain awareness of global water issues and understand how filtration systems contribute to health and sustainability. The project develops scientific inquiry, creativity, and teamwork, empowering learners to find innovative solutions for real-world problems—proving that even simple experiments can inspire change for a cleaner, healthier planet.
清洁的水对饮用、卫生和农业至关重要。通过参与这项活动，学生能增强对全球水资源问题的认知，理解过滤系统如何为健康与可持续发展助力。该项目能培养学生的科学探究能力、创造力和团队合作精神，让他们有能力为现实问题寻找创新解决方案——这也证明，即便是简单的实验，也能为创造更清洁、更健康的地球带来变革的灵感。
初审|Starr Wei、李昊潭
终审|杜立鹏
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