高考语法填空25条满分攻略及精练75篇
【抓规律·找依据】
考向一有提示词
考向二无提示词
第一部分：动词
动词是历年高考的必考点，而且考查数量占比最大。对动词有关知识的掌握是考生在语法填空中取得高分的关键。动词的形式变化比较多样，有谓语形式的变化(如时态、语态、虚拟语气及主谓一致)，非谓语形式的变化(如动词不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词形式)及动词词形的变化。
语法填空满分攻略1：如何判定作谓语还是非谓语
(2024·浙江卷1月)Over the last two years, some supermarkets 62._________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
[解析] 第一步：确定是否填谓语。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，空处在句中作谓语。
第二步：考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。根据空前的时间状语Over the last two years可知，空处应该用现在完成时；主语some supermarkets是动作start的发出者，应用主动语态；根据空前的复数主语some supermarkets可知，助动词应用复数形式。
[答案]have started
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)To eat one, you have to decide whether 57._________(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)，58.orto put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).
[解析] 第一步：确定是否作谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词decide后的成分为宾语，连词whether后没有主语，故此处应用非谓语动词。
第二步：确定填何种非谓语形式。此处考查“whether＋不定式”结构，不定式须用主动形式，且空处与下文的to put是并列关系。
[答案]to bite
[技法点拨]
第一步：确定是作谓语还是非谓语
1．分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所需词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词；
2．分析句子结构，若句中已有谓语动词，且不是作并列谓语动词时，则要考虑用非谓语动词。
第二步：若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致
1．看“时间”定时态(注意语境中暗含的时间状语)；
2．看“主语”定语态(看主语是否为动作的发出者)；
3．看人称和数，确保主谓一致。
第三步：若填非谓语动词，就要确定填何种非谓语形式
1．提示词与逻辑主语是主谓关系时，常用动词-ing形式；
2．提示词与逻辑主语是动宾关系时，常用过去分词形式；
3．提示词在句中作目的状语或表示意料之外的结果时，常用动词不定式形式。
语法项目(一) 谓语动词
语法填空满分攻略2：谓语动词的时态
[试做经典]
1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse _________(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
[答案] walks 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语；本句描述了the Silk Route Garden的客观情况，时态用一般现在时；walk在此作动词，意为“(循序渐进地)教、逐步引导”，与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系；且主语表示第三人称单数，应用walks。
2．(2024·青岛二模)Dough (面团) sculpture, also known as dough flowers, _________(date) back to the Han Dynasty (202-220BCE).
[答案] dates 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。date back to (追溯到)无被动形式；根据语境可知，此处陈述的是客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；主语Dough sculpture为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
3．(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao _________(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain.
[答案] has walked 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。
4．(2022·浙江卷1月)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics—many of them climate scientists—_________(promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
[答案] have promised 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since the effort started two years ago可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语academics为复数，助动词应用have。
5．(2023·浙江卷1月)The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often _________(feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by spacious homes and walled gardens.
[答案] featured 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在此作谓语。结合上下文可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
[技法点拨]
1．标志词判断法
在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志词，可根据所给时间状语来确定对应时态：
(1)一般现在时：sometimes、often、every week/day/year/morning等；
(2)一般过去时：yesterday、last week/night/year/month、the other day、in＋过去的年份、时间段＋ago、时间段＋later等；
(3)现在进行时：look、listen、now、at present、at this moment/time等；
(4)过去进行时：at that time/moment等；
(5) 现在完成时：since＋时间点、recently、lately、already、so far、ever since、up to/until/by now、during/over/in the last/past＋时间段、in/over recent＋时间段等。
2．瞻前顾后找并列
(1)表示并列的连词有and、but、or、rather than、neither...nor...、not only...but (also)...等；
(2)同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。
3．语境暗示法
分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，但没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显，通过正确理解语境即通过语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。
4．固定句型判断法
(1)be doing...when...；
(2)This/It/That is＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用现在完成时；
(3)This/It/That was＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用过去完成时；
(4)It is/has been＋时间段＋since sb./sth. did...；
(5)by the time＋sb./sth. did...，主语＋had done...；
(6)no sooner had ＋主语＋ done ...than ＋主语＋ did.../hardly had ＋主语＋done... when ＋主语＋did...；
(7)It's (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth.
语法填空满分攻略3：谓语动词的语态
[试做经典]
1．(2024·全国甲卷)What should _________(do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud.
[答案]be done 考查动词的语态。主语What与do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；空前的should是情态动词，其后应用动词原形。
2．(2023·全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________(amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
[答案]was amazed 考查动词的时态和语态。由下文时态可知，应用一般过去时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。
3．(2022·浙江卷1月)Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—_________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
[答案]is viewed/has been viewed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语，与谓语之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。
4．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by ThePeonyPavilion,_________(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
[答案]was built 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语是a six-meter-tall pavilion，与build之间是被动关系；此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态；且主语为单数，be动词应用was。
5．The coat you bought for me is made of a kind of cloth that _________(wash) easily.
[答案]washes 考查动词的语态。此处为主动形式表示被动意义，表示主语a kind of cloth具有某种“性质”使得动作wash得以进行。
[技法点拨]
1．依据逻辑关系，辨析主动或被动
(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系，则考虑用被动语态。
(2)被动语态的基本形式为： be＋过去分词，被动语态的时态体现在be动词上。
(3)只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态，系动词和不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。
2．常考的几种时态的被动语态
(1)一般现在时：am/is/are done；
(2)一般过去时：was/were done；
(3)过去将来时：would be done；
(4)现在完成时：has/have been done。
3．主动形式表被动含义的句式结构：
(1)当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等系动词后面接形容词时；
(2)当cut、read、sell、wear、write、wash、open、run、burn等动词后有状语(well、easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在品质或性能时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
语法填空满分攻略4：主谓一致
[试做经典]
1．(2023•全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _________(mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
[答案] means考查动词的时态和主谓一致。上下文的时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；句子的主语为“The remarkable development of this city”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
2．(2024•新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Some of the things that Tang was writing about _________(be) also Shakespeare's concerns.
[答案] were 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语Some of the things为复数，且此处描述过去的事，故填were。
3．(2024•衡水中学期中)While enjoyed throughout China, Jianzi _________(describe) by Chai as an important aspect of hutong culture. The narrow alleyways, situated within Beijing's inner city, provide the setting for the game's popularity.
[答案] is described 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；根据句意及空后的by可知，空处用被动语态；主语Jianzi是不可数名词，be动词应用单数形式。
4．(2024•全国甲卷)They _________(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
[答案] were 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合文章时态和句意可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语是They，be动词应用复数形式。
[技法点拨]
1．语法一致原则
(1)分析句子结构发现提示词作谓语，且主语后跟有with、together with、as well as、like、but、except、along with、rather than、including、in addition to等引导的短语时，要考虑谓语动词的数与短语前面的主语保持一致；
(2)在定语从句中，关系代词that、who、which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数保持一致；
(3)“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each、every、no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and 连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
2．就近一致原则
(1)or、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but (also)...、not...but...等连接并列主语时；
(2)there/here be句式。
3．意义一致原则
(1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念时，谓语动词用单数；
(2)动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；
(3)由分数、百分数或者some、a part of等修饰时，要根据所修饰的名词确定谓语动词的单复数；
(4)“the＋形容词”表示抽象概念，作主语时谓语动词用单数；“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
语法项目(二) 非谓语动词
语法填空满分攻略5：非谓语动词作宾语
[试做经典]
1．(2023•全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years _________(record) everything I discovered.
[答案] recording 考查非谓语动词。spend some time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配。
2．(2024•全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend _________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
[答案] to catch 考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语tend，此处应填非谓语。tend to do sth.意为“往往会做某事”，为固定用法。
3．(2024•菏泽一模)He wanted _________(learn) more about China—an ancient civilization with a unique language, history, literature and culture.
[答案] to learn 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，空处缺少不定式作宾语。
4．(2024•岳阳质检)It's what everybody deserves _________(have) in this world, in America and everywhere.
[答案] to have 考查非谓语动词。deserve to do sth.意为“值得做某事”，此处用不定式作宾语。
5．(2024•邵阳二模)The ground floor tends _________(use) as storage space for firewood and farming equipment.
[答案] to be used 考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“倾向于做某事、往往会做某事”，又因use与主语之间为被动关系，故应用不定式的被动式。
[技法点拨]
1．提示词是动词
(1)若句中已有谓语，且设空处不是作并列谓语而是作介词或动词(短语)的宾语时，应用非谓语动词；
(2)利用逻辑主语和所给提示词的关系确定形式：主谓关系用doing/to do，动宾关系用being done/to be done。
2．牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构
(1)介词(如by、for、of、with、without、after等)之后加动词-ing 形式作宾语，注意“to”的身份识别；
(2)常见只能跟不定式作宾语的动词：hope、wish、expect、agree、promise、demand、ask、refuse、manage、learn、decide/determine、pretend、choose、plan、offer、fail、afford、prepare、desire、happen等；
(3)常见只能跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)：enjoy、consider、escape、avoid、risk、appreciate、admit、mind、imagine、delay、allow、permit、finish、suggest、practise、excuse、miss、go on、give up、put off、be devoted to、 insist on、keep on、 succeed in、be worth等；
(4)be busy doing sth.、have difficulty/trouble/a hard time (in) doing sth.、spend time/money/energy (in) doing sth.。
语法填空满分攻略6：非谓语动词作状语和补语
[试做经典]
1．(2024•新高考全国卷Ⅱ)_________(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.”
[答案] Recalling 考查非谓语动词。此句已有谓语动词said，recall与逻辑主语Edmondson之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。
2．(2023•新高考全国卷Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left _________(want) more next time.
[答案] wanting 考查非谓语动词。leave sb. doing sth.意为“让某人一直做某事”。
3．(2024•新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).These sepals open on warm days _________(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
[答案] to give 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to give。
4．(2023•全国乙卷)_________(visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
[答案] Having visited 考查非谓语动词。结合句意及句中的状语several times over the last 10 years可知，visit所表示的动作已经发生多次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
5．(2023•新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _________(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
[答案] to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的xiao long bao，此处表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them与lift之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处构成allow sth. to be done结构。
如何确定非谓语动词作状语
1．逻辑关系分析法
(1)若主语与所给提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表示目的，应用to do；表示出乎意料的结果，应用only to do；表示时间/条件/原因/让步/伴随/自然而然的结果，应用doing；
(2)若主语与所给提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表示动作还未发生，应用to be done；表示动作已经发生，应用done。
2．固定句型用法
(1)主语＋be＋形容词(easy、hard、pleasant等)＋to do, 句子主语与不定式之间是逻辑上的被动关系；
(2)too＋adj./adv.＋to do、adj./adv.＋enough＋to do、so ＋adj./adv.＋as to do、such＋名词＋as to do等结构中，不定式作结果状语；
(3)主语＋动词＋表示情绪的形容词(excited、happy、anxious、satisfied、delighted、angry等)＋to do，不定式作原因状语。
如何确定非谓语动词作补足语
1．逻辑关系分析法
(1)主语或宾语与所给提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：doing/(to) do；
(2)主语或宾语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：被动完成 done；被动将来to be done；被动进行being done。
2．固定搭配和句型法
(1)to do作宾语补足语：allow、ask、beg、command、encourage、expect、forbid、invite、persuade、tell等＋sb. to do sth.；
(2)用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)：“五”看；“三”使；“两”听；“一”感觉。“look at/see/watch/notice/observe，make/let/have, hear/listen to, feel”＋sb.＋do sth.；
注意：在被动语态中作主语补足语要还原to，如be made to do。
(3)have sb./sth. doing意为“让某人/某物一直做、允许/容许某人/某物做某事”；
have sth. done意为“使某事被做、遭遇某事”；
have sth. to do意为“有某事要做”；
have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。
(4)with复合结构
①“with＋宾语＋to do”，表示动作还未发生；
②“with＋宾语＋doing”，表示主动、动作正在进行；
③“with＋宾语＋done”，表示被动、动作已经完成。
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获取《高考英语语法填空满分攻略（附：2026届高考英语语法填空精练75篇（含答案+解析）》的方法：
