Global capital is vacillating between fossil‑fuel incumbents and the quixotic promise of net‑zero, leaving policymakers in an inchoate scramble to design credible green‑bond markets. Their rhetoric often sounds garrulous, yet the underlying math is laconic: trillions must flow, or transition plans will prove spurious.
China’s NDRC, sanguine about directing domestic savings, hopes to obviate foreign pressure by unveiling tax breaks for ESG‑labeled debt. Critics remain wary; they argue that mendacious issuers can still game disclosure rules, belie carbon metrics, and enjoy superfluous subsidies. Meanwhile, Europe’s regulators—usually fastidious—now face a pernicious dilemma: tightening standards could exacerbate issuance droughts just as the bloc needs capital most.
In Nairobi, a timorous but sagacious fintech cohort tries to engender confidence among impecunious farmers through tokenized micro‑bonds. Transaction fees are low, yet climate volatility stays capricious; torrential rains one month and transient drought the next. When payouts lag, some investors grow recalcitrant, their once vociferous praise turning into complaint threads that stretch 50 posts deep.
Still, green‑bond volumes remain prolific. JPMorgan analysts, normally phlegmatic, now warn of deleterious “greenwishing.” They note a tenuous link between proceeds and verifiable impact; one obsequious press release can boost valuations before ground is even broken on a turbine farm. Hedge‑fund skeptics, malevolent in meme‑stock subreddits, threaten to short any issuer whose audits lack veracity.
Africa’s biggest sovereign deal this summer featured a coupon linked to macroprudential triggers: miss a biodiversity KPI, and an automatic “demurrage” fee applies at settlement. Bankers hailed it as salubrious innovation; NGOs called it a capricious penalty that could obdurately drain health budgets during shocks.
Commodity desks, smelling opportunity, study the contango in carbon‑future curves. Traders with torpor in 2022 have become sanguine arbitrageurs today, spinning elaborate tokenomics decks for VC funds. Whether these schemes will placate regulators or merely belie a new bubble is unclear.
Yet not all outlooks are bleak. A Chilean solar‑bond issuer placated skeptics by posting live production data on‑chain, allowing analysts to venerate the project’s transparency. That single move helped engender regional copycats, proving that salubrious competition can thrive when disclosure is both granular and immutable.
If 2025 taught markets anything, it’s that credibility is transient. One month of perfunctory ESG slides cannot erase decades of deleterious emissions. But with sagacious incentives—and a public that remains cautiously wary yet surprisingly sanguine—green finance might still outrun the climate clock. The race, after all, is only obdurate to those too comfortable in their torpor to adapt.
Vocabulary Pack
40 GRE words (▲) + 5 supplemental uncommon words (◆).
每词含：EN definition · 中文释义 · 3 × 英文例句
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2. He tends to vacillate over career choices. 3. Markets vacillated after the data release. |
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2. Investors dismissed the timeline as quixotic. 3. Her quixotic campaign still inspired many. |
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2. Start‑ups often operate in inchoate markets. 3. Law around AI remains inchoate. |
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2. A garrulous host can delay the show. 3. Traders grew garrulous on Twitter. |
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2. The CFO’s laconic reply worried analysts. 3. Some cultures value laconic communication. |
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2. Spurious rumors moved the stock. 3. Courts reject spurious claims. |
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2. Markets turned sanguine by noon. 3. A sanguine outlook can boost morale. |
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2. Automation may obviate some jobs. 3. Hedging obviates currency risk. |
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2. Be wary when sharing data. 3. Regulators stay wary of leverage. |
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2. Mendacious ads face fines. 3. He lost credibility for being mendacious. |
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2. The diagram had superfluous labels. 3. Superfluous text distracts readers. |
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2. Fastidious audits improve trust. 3. A fastidious chef perfects plating. |
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2. Inflation has pernicious effects. 3. Stress can be pernicious to health. |
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2. Rumors exacerbated panic. 3. Heatwaves exacerbate droughts. |
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2. Art patrons helped impecunious painters. 3. Micro‑loans aid impecunious farmers. |
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2. Markets are capricious this year. 3. He’s known for capricious moods. |
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2. Happiness can be transient. 3. Migrant camps are inherently transient. |
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2. A recalcitrant child ignored rules. 3. Congress faced recalcitrant factions. |
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2. She’s a vociferous critic. 3. Media grew vociferous over delays. |
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2. Policies may engender growth. 3. Bias engenders inequality. |
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2. Fake news is deleterious to democracy. 3. Late nights are deleterious to health. |
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2. His visa status is tenuous. 3. Evidence seemed tenuous at best. |
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2. Obsequious reviews looked fake. 3. Don’t hire obsequious yes‑men. |
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2. Malevolent gossip hurt her career. 3. Some villains are purely malevolent. |
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2. Witnesses swore to veracity. 3. Veracity is vital in journalism. |
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2. Pain made him obdurate. 3. The regime stays obdurate. |
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2. He tried to placate critics. 3. Diplomats placate tensions. |
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2. A prolific inventor filed patents. 3. Rain makes forests prolific. |
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2. A phlegmatic tone reassures markets. 3. Judges are trained to be phlegmatic. |
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2. Perfunctory audits miss fraud. 3. Students gave perfunctory applause. |
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2. Sagacious investors diversify. 3. Leaders need sagacious counsel. |
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2. Reforms had a salubrious effect. 3. A salubrious diet cuts risk. |
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2. Coffee broke his morning torpor. 3. Bears enter torpor in winter. |
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2. Timorous staff avoid risks. 3. Markets are timorous after crashes. |
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2. Friends became loquacious at dinner. 3. Judges dislike loquacious lawyers. |
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2. Numbers belied his claims. 3. Her smile belied fatigue. |
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Supplemental Uncommon Words
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2. Banks apply demurrage on idle cash. 3. Crypto designs use demurrage to spur spending. |
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2. Traders profit from contango spreads. 3. A steep contango signals oversupply. |
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2. The IMF praised macroprudential moves. 3. Banks bristled at new macroprudential caps. |
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2. Weak tokenomics doom projects. 3. VCs scrutinize tokenomics charts. |
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2. Exit from quantitative easing spiked rates. 3. Critics say quantitative easing fuels inequality. |
Study Tips
- Shadow read
the article and highlight every GRE word. - Cover‑and‑recall
: hide definitions, restate meanings in both languages. -
Write your own sentences for each word to personalize memory. -
Tune back tomorrow for a fresh set—same time, same hustle!