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外刊精读|进了直播间,外国网友也FOMO了。

外刊精读|进了直播间,外国网友也FOMO了。 Alisa的外贸笔记
2025-09-24
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不知从什么时候起,直播经济已经无缝渗透到了我们生活的各个角落,从日用百货到地方特产,形式更是花样百出。屏幕前的你,是不是也常常在深夜捧着手机,沉浸在某位主播的直播间,等着那一声“321上链接!”后的果断剁手?然而,经济学人的最新一期文章却探讨了直播经济下网友们的心理问题,我们一起来读一读。



🍚内容有删减,请谨慎学习。

📚阅读理解难度适中,适合四级水平以上。

🎧音频为原文朗读,可用作听力材料。


The Economist|Business


Addiction to shopping


From retail to therapy

On social media, it can be hard to resist the urge to splurge


注:therapy(治疗);splurge(挥霍)




01



HAVE YOU scrolled through social media late at night, clicked on a brightly coloured button and bought something you regretted? Are you hiding parcels from your spouse? Have you heard of oniomania, or shopping addiction?


你是否曾在深夜刷社交媒体,点击色彩鲜艳的按钮,买了一些让自己后悔的东西?你是否曾把包裹藏起来不让你的配偶看到?你是否听说过购物狂或者购物成瘾?


  • scroll,动词,滚动(屏幕)、浏览。

↪ scroll through,现代数字生活的常用词汇,形象地描述了在手机或电脑屏幕上滑动浏览内容的行为。

例句:Anyone scrolling through TikTok or Instagram, you're influenced by a younger content creator. (《华尔街日报》)任何刷抖音或 Instagram 的人都会受到年轻内容创作者的影响。


  • brightly coloured,形容词短语,色彩鲜艳的。

↪ 常用来描述那些旨在吸引眼球、刺激购买欲望的按钮或广告设计。

↪ 反义词可考虑 "subtly coloured"(颜色素雅的)或 "neutral-colored"(中性色的)。


  • oniomania,名词,购物狂、购买癖。

↪ a compulsive desire to shop

↪ 源于希腊语的医学术语(onios意为“待出售的”,mania意为“狂热”)。在日常交流中,我们更常说 shopping addiction。


  • Have you...? Are you...? Have you...?

↪ 连续使用三个反问句开篇,是英语中一种强有力的修辞手法。它瞬间将读者带入情境,促使他们反思自身行为,比直接陈述(如:Many people scroll...)更具冲击力和代入感。这种用法在演讲、广告和议论文中很常见。


  • 细节描写

原文:scrolled through social media late at night、brightly coloured button、hiding parcels from your spouse

↪ 我们想要表达“买东西”,英文可能只说 "buy things"。但这里的英文通过添加 "late at night"(深夜)、"brightly coloured"(色彩鲜艳的)、"hiding parcels"(隐藏包裹)等细节,描绘出非常生动具体的场景。大家可以尝试在写作中也加入这样的细节。





02

Retail is changing. Social-media platforms such as TikTok are launching e-commerce features that blur the lines between shopping and entertainment. A whole industry is emerging around livestream shopping, where jovial hosts turn buying things into a game, by means of quizzes and interactive demonstrations. Regulators and researchers are worried that such innovations are making it harder to resist the urge to spend. Lately reams of academic papers have been published on shopping addiction. The problem is not to be taken lightly. Unlike gambling, say, shopping is something everyone must do, which can make addiction trickier to identify and measure.

零售业正在发生变化。诸如TikTok之类的社交媒体平台正在推出电子商务功能,这个功能模糊了购物与娱乐之间的界限。围绕直播购物,一个完整的行业正在兴起——在这些直播中,欢快的主持人通过问答和互动演示,将买东西变成了一场游戏。监管机构和研究人员担心,这类创新会让人们更难克制消费的冲动。近期,大量关于购物成瘾的学术论文被发表。这个问题不容轻视。与赌博等不同,购物是每个人都必须做的事情,这使得成瘾行为更难以识别和衡量。


  • jovial,形容词,愉快友好的,快乐亲切的。

↪ 常用来描述人的性格或氛围,比简单的“happy”或“friendly”更生动,且具有文学色彩。

↪ 在《哈利·波特》中,Rubeus Hagrid 就常被描述为一个 jovial giant with a warm heart. 海格常被描述为一个心地善良、愉快友好的巨人。


  • by means of,通过...方式,借助...手段。

↪ 一个非常正式且地道的介词短语,用来解释完成某事所采用的方法或工具。在口语中大家可能更常用“by”或“through”。但在学术或严肃评论中,“by means of”更能提升语言质感。

例句:The company aims to reduce its carbon footprint by means ofinvesting in renewable energy.(The Economist)该公司旨在通过投资可再生能源来减少其碳足迹。


  • resist the urge,抵抗/克制冲动。

↪ resist是“抵抗”,urge是“强烈的冲动、欲望”。

↪ 实用搭配,可用于多种语境,如 resist the urge to buy/eat/laugh。

↪ 在《老友记》中,Chandler Bing 经常需要 resist the urge to make a sarcastic joke in serious situations. 钱德勒·宾经常需要在严肃场合克制自己说讽刺笑话的冲动。


  • reams of,大量的,许许多多的(尤指纸张或文件,引申指大量信息)。

↪ ream原指“令”(纸张计数单位,1令约500张),reams of常用来幽默或夸张地形容数量极多。

例句:The investigation produced reams of evidence, but no conclusive proof. (The Guardian)

调查产生了大量证据,但没有确凿的证据。


  • not to be taken lightly,不容轻视,需要严肃对待。

↪ 被动语态,强调某事物很重要或很严重,不能等闲视之。

例句:The potential impact of artificial intelligence on the job market is a matter not to be taken lightly.(BBC News)人工智能对就业市场的潜在影响是一个不容轻视的问题。

💡be + to be + 过去分词”的结构(如 is to be done, are to be avoided)常用来表示“应该被...”、“必须被...”,语气客观且权威。相反,直接说 “We cannot lightly take the problem” 就显得不那么地道。

例如:这些指示必须被严格遵守。

仿写:These instructions are to be followed strictly.


  • tricky,形容词,难以处理的,棘手的;狡猾的。

↪ 形容某事因复杂、微妙或难以捉摸而不好办。比“difficult”更具体。

例句:Engelbert is also at the helm at a tricky time for financial-services firms.(Times)金融服务企业举步维艰的时候,恩格波特依然能够稳坐泰山。





03

But academic research covering several countries has suggested that around 5% of people suffer from oniomania. It is more than just the odd impulse buy; it can ruin people's relationships and leave them in debt. Avis Cardella, a former shopaholic, describes the way she would make purchases as "trance-like" and "out of control". The features that make shopping easy and fun may also make it more addictive. Shopping has a detectable effect on the brain; it can lead to a surge then a decline in dopamine, a chemical associated with pleasure. "It's not about the goods," says Pamela Roberts, a psychotherapist. "It's the excitement of the spend, the dopamine hit and afterwards the hangover of shame."

但一项涵盖多国的学术研究表明,约有5%的人患有购物成瘾症。这不仅仅是偶尔的冲动购物;它可能破坏人们的人际关系,并使其负债累累。阿维斯·卡德拉曾是一名购物狂,她形容自己当时的购物方式为“恍惚般的”且“失控的”。那些使购物变得轻松愉快的功能,也可能让她更容易上瘾。购物对大脑有明显的影响;它会导致多巴胺(一种与愉悦感相关的化学物质)的激增,随后又下降。心理治疗师帕梅拉·罗伯茨表示:“这与商品本身无关,而是消费时的兴奋感、多巴胺分泌带来的即时快感,以及购物后的羞愧情绪。”


  • shopaholic,购物狂。

↪ A person who is addicted to shopping

↪ 和前面的Oniomania以及shopping addiction是同一个意思。

例句:She humorously called herself a recovering shopaholic after completing a no-spend challenge.(《时尚》杂志)她幽默地称自己是一个正在康复的购物狂,此前她完成了一项无消费挑战。


  • trance-like,恍惚般的,出神般的。

↪ 摩登家庭第七季中有这样一句台词,“Out of that trance! We're going to France! ” 醒醒 我们要去法国了!


  • out of control,失控。

例句:The fire spread quickly and soon was completely out of control.(BBC新闻)火势迅速蔓延,很快就完全失控了。


  • surge(激增)、decline(下降)。

↪ 这两大类高频词我们已经见过无数次了,均已总结在了词不达意,建议全部背诵。


  • Research/Studies/A data suggest(s) that...

原文:But academic research covering several countries has suggested that around 5% of people suffer from oniomania.

↪ 这是一个在学术和新闻写作中非常常见的句型,用来引述研究结果或数据表明的观点,语气比 say或 prove更显客观和谨慎。


  • It is more than just A; it can B.

原文:It is more than just the odd impulse buy; it can ruin people's relationships and leave them in debt.

↪ 这个结构用于强调某事物不仅仅是表面看起来那样(A),而是有更深层或更严重的影响(B)。

例句:气候变化不仅仅是天气变暖;它威胁全球粮食安全。

仿写:Climate change is more than just warmer weather; it threatens global food security.


  • have a(n) (adj.) effect on...

原文:Shopping has a detectable effect on the brain...

↪  表示“对...有...影响”的经典搭配。可以替换形容词,如 significant(显著的), profound(深远的), immediate(立即的), adverse(负面的)等。

例句:新政策对减少交通拥堵产生了显著效果。

仿写:The new policy has had a significant effect on reducing traffic congestion.


  • It's not about A; it's about B.

原文:It's the excitement of the spend, the dopamine hit and afterwards the hangover of shame.

↪ 这个结构用于否定表面原因(A),并强调深层原因或真正重要的因素(B)。

↪ "the spend"作为名词使用(动名词名词化);"the dopamine hit"和 "the hangover of shame"都运用了隐喻。hangover,名词,宿醉,遗物。

例句:对许多旅行者来说,重要的不是目的地,而是旅途本身和沿途的经历。

仿写:For many travelers, it's not about the destination; it's about the journey and the experiences along the way.





04

Research suggests the sense of community on social platforms, where users share reviews and recommendations, can add pressure to spend. A paper published this year in the Journal of Business Research linked compulsive shopping online with a "fear of missing out", which brands can exploit by showcasing idealised customer experiences or offering time-limited discounts. A paper by researchers in China points to "atmospheric cues" in livestreams, such as a host's entertaining explanations or live chats, that can encourage people to buy.

研究表明,在用户分享评论和推荐的社交平台上,那种社群感可能会增加人们的消费压力。今年发表在《商业研究杂志》上的一篇论文将强迫性线上购物与“害怕错过”心理联系起来。品牌方可以通过展示理想化的客户体验或提供限时折扣来利用这种心理。中国研究人员的一篇论文则指出了直播中的“氛围线索”,例如主播的有趣讲解或实时聊天互动,这些都可能促使人们购买。


  • compulsive,强迫性的,难以抑制的。

例句:The game was designed to encourage compulsive playing, leading to concerns about addiction.这款游戏的设计会诱发强迫性游玩,引起了人们对其成瘾性的担忧。


  • fear of missing out (FOMO)错失恐惧症、害怕错过。

↪ 特指那种总在担心失去或错过什么的焦虑心情,也称"局外人困境",描绘了一种渴望与他人所做之事始终保持关联的心理状态。

🔍 主要表现:难以拒绝邀约持续关注社交媒体(害怕错过重要动态或他人的有趣话题)、社会比较与情绪波动(常潜意识地将自己的日常生活与他人社交媒体上展现出的最美好一面进行比较,这可能导致感到自己不如他人,产生嫉妒、沮丧、焦虑等情绪,甚至降低自尊和自信)、冲动行为(如冲动消费)等。



  • atmospheric cues,氛围线索,环境暗示。

↪ 指那些营造特定氛围、影响人们感觉或行为的元素或信号。

例句:Restaurants use lighting, music, and decor as atmospheric cues to create a desired dining experience.餐厅利用灯光、音乐和装饰作为氛围线索,来创造理想的用餐体验。


  • Research suggests that.../ A paper points to.../ A paper linked... with...

↪ 本段中出现的三种句型与上一段的suggest结构相同,都是学术和严肃商业写作中引述研究、报告或观点的经典句式,比直接说 "A study says..." 或 "Some people think..." 更客观、严谨和正式。大家在写作中需要引用事实或他人观点来支持自己论点时,优先使用这类句式。





05

Much of the research on shopping addiction comes from China for a reason. Online retailers there began innovating before those elsewhere. Chinese firms are now taking their innovations abroad. Western shoppers increasingly find themselves doomscrolling on Temu and Shein, another site that floods users' screens with time-limited promotions and reward programmes. In the first four months of this year TikTok, reported year-on-year sales growth of 120% in America on its e-commerce platform, TikTok Shop. The feature was launched in France, Germany and Italy in March.

大量关于购物成瘾的研究都来自中国是有原因的。中国的在线零售商比其他地区的更早开始创新。如今,中国企业正将这些创新模式推向海外。越来越多的西方消费者发现自己沉迷于Temu和Shein(另一个用限时促销和奖励计划充斥用户屏幕的网站)上刷屏。今年前四个月,TikTok报告称其电商平台TikTok Shop在美国的销售额同比增长了120%。该功能已于三月在法国、德国和意大利推出。


  • doomscroll,末日刷屏(不由自主地持续滚动浏览负面信息)。

例句:During the election week, many people found themselves doomscrolling through news feeds.(The New York Times)在选举周,许多人发现自己在新闻推送中陷入了末日。

↪ ...find themselves doomscrolling...(发现自己不知不觉地在...末日刷屏)

💡find oneself doing sth是一个很棒的结构,表示“发现自己处于某种状态”或“不知不觉地在做某事”,常带有一种略微惊讶或并非完全主动的意味,比直接说 They doomscroll更生动。


  • flood... with...用...,淹没/充斥(大量提供)。

↪ flood... with...强烈地传达出“大量信息涌入”的感觉。

↪ 在描述信息过量、推送频繁时,可以尝试使用 flood, bombard, overwhelm等动词,替代简单的 give a lot of。

例如:The museum's social media account has been flooded with messages of support.大家都在该博物馆的社交媒体账号下面表达支持。




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