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1. rely /rɪˈlaɪ/
释义:依靠;依赖;信赖;指望(某人或某物)
选择题
We can rely on her to finish the task on time because she is always responsible. What does "rely" mean here?
A. doubt
B. depend on
C. ignore
D. forget
高考真题
Young people should learn to rely on themselves instead of only asking for help from their parents.(年轻人应该学会依靠自己,而不是只向父母求助。)
衍生词 1:reliance /rɪˈlaɪəns/(名词)
释义:依靠;依赖;信赖
选择题
The company's reliance on imported raw materials has increased its production costs. What is "reliance"?
A. the act of doubting something
B. the state of depending on something
C. the plan of ignoring something
D. the method of forgetting something
高考真题
Over-reliance on technology may make people lose some basic life skills.(过度依赖科技可能会让人们失去一些基本的生活技能。)
衍生词 2:reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/(形容词)
释义:可靠的;可信赖的;真实可信的
选择题
This newspaper provides reliable information about current events. What does "reliable" mean here?
A. untrustworthy
B. able to be trusted
C. difficult to understand
D. easy to forget
高考真题
A reliable friend will always support you when you are in trouble.(一个可靠的朋友在你遇到困难时总会支持你。)
2. remove /rɪˈmuːv/
释义:移除;去除;搬走;脱掉(衣物等);解除(职位等)
选择题
Please remove your shoes before entering the room to keep the floor clean. What does "remove" mean here?
A. put on
B. take off
C. hide
D. destroy
高考真题
The workers were asked to remove the old furniture from the office to make space for new ones.(工人们被要求把办公室里的旧家具搬走,为新家具腾出空间。)
衍生词 1:removal /rɪˈmuːvl/(名词)
释义:移除;去除;搬走;免职
选择题
The removal of the old building will start next month to build a new park. What is "removal"?
A. the act of putting up something
B. the process of taking away something
C. the plan of hiding something
D. the method of destroying something
高考真题
The removal of harmful substances from the water is necessary to protect the environment.(从水中去除有害物质对保护环境来说是必要的。)
衍生词 2:removable /rɪˈmuːvəbl/(形容词)
释义:可移除的;可取下的;可搬动的
选择题
This phone case has a removable cover that can be changed according to your preference. What does "removable" mean here?
A. impossible to take off
B. able to be taken off or moved
C. difficult to use
D. easy to break
高考真题
The shelves in this cabinet are removable, so you can adjust the space as needed.(这个柜子里的隔板是可移除的,所以你可以根据需要调整空间。)
3. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/
释义:替换;取代;代替;把…… 放回原处
选择题
We need to replace the old battery with a new one because the phone can't hold a charge. What does "replace" mean here?
A. keep
B. take the place of
C. ignore
D. hide
高考真题
With the development of technology, some traditional jobs have been replaced by machines.(随着科技的发展,一些传统工作已经被机器取代。)
衍生词 1:replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/(名词)
释义:替换;取代;替代品;替换物
选择题
The replacement of the broken window must be done before the rain comes. What is "replacement"?
A. the act of keeping something
B. the process of replacing something
C. the plan of ignoring something
D. the method of hiding something
高考真题
If this part is damaged, you can ask the store for a free replacement within one year.(如果这个零件损坏了,你可以在一年内向商店申请免费更换。)
衍生词 2:replaceable /rɪˈpleɪsəbl/(形容词)
释义:可替换的;可取代的
选择题
These parts are replaceable, so you don't need to buy a new machine if they break. What does "replaceable" mean here?
A. impossible to replace
B. able to be replaced
C. difficult to find
D. easy to lose
高考真题
Some natural resources are not replaceable, so we should use them wisely.(一些自然资源是不可替换的,所以我们应该合理利用它们。)
4. require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/
释义:需要;要求;规定;命令
选择题
This job requires good communication skills and relevant work experience. What does "require" mean here?
A. ignore
B. need or demand
C. refuse
D. hide
高考真题
The school requires all students to wear uniforms on weekdays.(学校要求所有学生在工作日穿校服。)
衍生词 1:requirement /rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/(名词)
释义:要求;必要条件;需要;规定
选择题
Meeting the English language requirement is necessary to study in this university. What is "requirement"?
A. something to be ignored
B. something that is needed or demanded
C. something to be refused
D. something to be hidden
高考真题
The company has strict requirements for the quality of its products to satisfy customers.(该公司对产品质量有严格要求,以满足客户需求。)
衍生词 2:required /rɪˈkwaɪəd/(形容词)
释义:必需的;规定的;要求的
选择题
All students must take the required courses to get their degrees. What does "required" mean here?
A. optional
B. necessary or demanded
C. difficult to understand
D. easy to forget
高考真题
The required documents for the application must be submitted before the deadline.(申请所需的文件必须在截止日期前提交。)
5. resist /rɪˈzɪst/
释义:抵抗;反抗;抗拒;忍住(诱惑、冲动等)
选择题
She tried to resist the temptation to eat the delicious cake because she was on a diet. What does "resist" mean here?
A. give in to
B. fight against or hold back
C. accept
D. enjoy
高考真题
The local people resisted the enemy's attack bravely and protected their hometown.(当地人勇敢抵抗敌人的进攻,保卫了自己的家乡。)
衍生词 1:resistance /rɪˈzɪstəns/(名词)
释义:抵抗;反抗;抵抗力;阻力
选择题
The plant's resistance to diseases has helped it grow well in this area. What is "resistance"?
A. the act of giving in to something
B. the ability to fight against something
C. the plan of accepting something
D. the method of enjoying something
高考真题
Regular exercise can improve the body's resistance to colds and other illnesses.(规律运动可以提高身体对感冒和其他疾病的抵抗力。)
衍生词 2:resistant /rɪˈzɪstənt/(形容词)
释义:抵抗的;反抗的;有抵抗力的;耐…… 的
选择题
This material is resistant to water, so it can be used to make raincoats. What does "resistant" mean here?
A. easily damaged by
B. able to resist or withstand
C. difficult to use
D. easy to break
高考真题
Some bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics, making treatment more difficult.(一些细菌已经对抗生素产生了抗药性,使得治疗更加困难。)
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6. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/
释义:回应;作出反应;回答;应对(问题、挑战等)
选择题
Please respond to this email as soon as possible so that we can make a decision. What does "respond" mean here?
A. ignore
B. reply or react
C. delete
D. hide
高考真题
The government has responded to the public's concerns by taking new measures.(政府通过采取新措施回应了公众的担忧。)
衍生词 1:response /rɪˈspɒns/(名词)
释义:回应;反应;回答;答复
选择题
We are still waiting for the company's response to our proposal. What is "response"?
A. the act of ignoring something
B. a reply or reaction to something
C. the plan of deleting something
D. the method of hiding something
高考真题
His quick response to the emergency saved the patient's life.(他对紧急情况的快速反应挽救了病人的生命。)
衍生词 2:responsive /rɪˈspɒnsɪv/(形容词)
释义:反应迅速的;积极回应的;敏感的;易受影响的
选择题
The teacher is very responsive to the students' questions and always helps them in time. What does "responsive" mean here?
A. uninterested in
B. quick to reply or react
C. difficult to approach
D. easy to forget
高考真题
This app has a responsive design that works well on both phones and computers.(这款应用程序具有响应式设计,在手机和电脑上都能很好地运行。)
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7. restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/
释义:恢复;修复;使复原;归还(某物)
选择题
The old building was restored to its original appearance after two years of work. What does "restore" mean here?
A. destroy
B. bring back to its former state
C. ignore
D. hide
高考真题
Doctors are trying their best to restore the patient's ability to walk.(医生们正尽全力恢复病人的行走能力。)
衍生词 1:restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/(名词)
释义:恢复;修复;复原;归还
选择题
The restoration of the ancient paintings took a team of experts several months. What is "restoration"?
A. the act of destroying something
B. the process of bringing back to its former state
C. the plan of ignoring something
D. the method of hiding something
高考真题
The restoration of the old city wall has become a popular tourist attraction.(旧城墙的修复工程使其成为了一个受欢迎的旅游景点。)
衍生词 2:restorative /rɪˈstɒrətɪv/(形容词 / 名词)
释义:恢复性的;修复的(形容词);滋补品;恢复药(名词)
选择题
A good night's sleep has a restorative effect on both body and mind. What does "restorative" mean here?
A. damaging
B. able to restore health or energy
C. difficult to get
D. easy to forget
高考真题
This herbal tea is considered a restorative that can help people relax after work.(这种花草茶被认为是一种滋补品,能帮助人们下班后放松。)
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8. restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/
释义:限制;约束;限定(范围、数量等)
选择题
The government decided to restrict the number of cars on the road to reduce air pollution. What does "restrict" mean here?
A. increase
B. limit or control
C. ignore
D. expand
高考真题
Some schools restrict the use of mobile phones in class to help students focus on their studies.(一些学校限制课堂上手机的使用,以帮助学生专注于学习。)
衍生词 1:restriction /rɪˈstrɪkʃn/(名词)
释义:限制;约束;限定;管制规定
选择题
The new restrictions on travel have affected many people's holiday plans. What is "restriction"?
A. the act of increasing something
B. a rule that limits or controls something
C. the plan of ignoring something
D. the method of expanding something
高考真题
There are no restrictions on the number of books you can borrow from the library.(从图书馆借书没有数量限制。)
衍生词 2:restrictive /rɪˈstrɪktɪv/(形容词)
释义:限制性的;约束性的;限定性的
选择题
The company has a restrictive policy that doesn't allow employees to work from home. What does "restrictive" mean here?
A. flexible
B. limiting or controlling
C. easy to follow
D. difficult to understand
高考真题
Some people think the new law is too restrictive and limits personal freedom.(一些人认为新法律限制性太强,限制了个人自由。)
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9. reward /rɪˈwɔːd/
释义:奖励;奖赏;回报;报酬(动词);奖励;奖赏;回报(名词)
选择题
The teacher will reward the students who get the highest scores in the exam. What does "reward" mean here (as a verb)?
A. punish
B. give a prize or benefit to
C. ignore
D. criticize
高考真题
Hard work will eventually be rewarded with success.(努力工作最终会得到成功的回报。)(此处为动词用法)She received a reward for helping the police catch the thief.(她因帮助警方抓住小偷而获得了奖励。)(此处为名词用法)
衍生词 1:rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/(形容词)
释义:有意义的;值得的;有回报的
选择题
Volunteering in the community is a rewarding experience that makes me feel happy. What does "rewarding" mean here?
A. boring
B. giving satisfaction or benefit
C. difficult
D. easy
高考真题
Teaching is a rewarding job because you can help students grow and learn.(教学是一份有意义的工作,因为你可以帮助学生成长和学习。)
衍生词 2:rewardless /rɪˈwɔːdləs/(形容词)
释义:无回报的;无酬劳的;徒劳的
选择题
His rewardless efforts to save the company finally failed. What does "rewardless" mean here?
A. profitable
B. bringing no reward or benefit
C. successful
D. easy
高考真题
After months of rewardless work, he decided to give up the project.(经过数月无回报的工作,他决定放弃这个项目。)
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10. risk /rɪsk/
释义:冒险;冒…… 的风险(动词);风险;危险;冒险(名词)
选择题
You should not risk your life to climb that dangerous mountain. What does "risk" mean here (as a verb)?
A. protect
B. take a chance of losing or harming
C. ignore
D. avoid
高考真题
Smoking increases the risk of developing lung cancer.(吸烟会增加患肺癌的风险。)(此处为名词用法)He risked his job by telling the truth to the public.(他因向公众说出真相而冒了丢掉工作的风险。)(此处为动词用法)
衍生词 1:risky /ˈrɪski/(形容词)
释义:有风险的;危险的;冒险的
选择题
Investing all your money in one company is a risky decision. What does "risky" mean here?
A. safe
B. involving the possibility of loss or harm
C. wise
D. easy
高考真题
Driving in heavy rain is risky because the road is slippery.(在大雨中开车很危险,因为路面很滑。)
衍生词 2:risky /ˈrɪski/(补充语境)
选择题
Trying this new and untested method is risky, but it might bring good results. What does "risky" mean here?
A. certain to succeed
B. having a chance of failure or danger
C. impossible to do
D. easy to complete
高考真题
Starting a business during an economic crisis is very risky, but some people still try.(在经济危机期间创业风险很大,但仍有人尝试。)
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答案及解析
1. rely /rɪˈlaɪ/
答案:B解析:rely 此处表示 “依靠、信赖”,核心语义是 “depend on(依赖某人或某物提供支持)”,符合 “依靠她按时完成任务” 的场景;A(怀疑)、C(忽视)、D(忘记)均与 “依靠” 的动作无关。
衍生词 1:reliance /rɪˈlaɪəns/
答案:B解析:reliance 是 “依靠、依赖” 的名词形式,指 “the state of depending on something(依赖某物的状态)”,与 “公司依赖进口原材料增加成本” 的语境匹配;A(怀疑某物的行为)、C(忽视某物的计划)、D(忘记某物的方法)均不符合 “依赖” 的概念。
衍生词 2:reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/
答案:B解析:reliable 意为 “可靠的、可信赖的”,即 “able to be trusted(能够被信任的)”,与 “报纸提供真实可信的新闻” 的描述一致;A(不可靠的)与词义相反,C(难以理解的)、D(容易忘记的)均与 “可信度” 无关。
2. remove /rɪˈmuːv/
答案:B解析:remove 此处表示 “脱掉(衣物)”,即 “take off(脱下某物)”,符合 “进屋前脱鞋保持地面干净” 的场景;A(穿上)与词义相反,C(隐藏)、D(破坏)均与 “脱掉” 的动作无关。
衍生词 1:removal /rɪˈmuːvl/
答案:B解析:removal 是 “移除、搬走” 的名词形式,指 “the process of taking away something(将某物移走的过程)”,与 “拆除旧建筑建公园” 的逻辑一致;A(搭建某物的行为)、C(隐藏某物的计划)、D(破坏某物的方法)均不符合 “移除” 的概念。
衍生词 2:removable /rɪˈmuːvəbl/
答案:B解析:removable 意为 “可移除的、可取下的”,即 “able to be taken off or moved(能够被取下或移动的)”,与 “手机壳有可更换的外壳” 的语境匹配;A(无法取下的)与词义相反,C(难以使用的)、D(容易损坏的)均与 “可移除性” 无关。
3. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/
答案:B解析:replace 此处表示 “替换、更换”,即 “take the place of(用某物替代另一物)”,符合 “用新电池替换旧电池” 的场景;A(保留)、C(忽视)、D(隐藏)均与 “替换” 的动作无关。
衍生词 1:replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/
答案:B解析:replacement 是 “替换、替代品” 的名词形式,指 “the process of replacing something(替换某物的过程)”,与 “更换破窗户以防下雨” 的语境一致;A(保留某物的行为)、C(忽视某物的计划)、D(隐藏某物的方法)均不符合 “替换” 的概念。
衍生词 2:replaceable /rɪˈpleɪsəbl/
答案:B解析:replaceable 意为 “可替换的”,即 “able to be replaced(能够被替换的)”,与 “零件可替换,无需买新机器” 的描述一致;A(不可替换的)与词义相反,C(难以找到的)、D(容易丢失的)均与 “可替换性” 无关。
4. require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/
答案:B解析:require 此处表示 “需要、要求”,即 “need or demand(需要某物或要求某人做某事)”,符合 “这份工作需要沟通能力和工作经验” 的场景;A(忽视)、C(拒绝)、D(隐藏)均与 “需要 / 要求” 的动作无关。
衍生词 1:requirement /rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/
答案:B解析:requirement 是 “要求、必要条件” 的名词形式,指 “something that is needed or demanded(被需要或被要求的事物)”,与 “满足英语要求才能上这所大学” 的逻辑一致;A(应被忽视的事物)、C(应被拒绝的事物)、D(应被隐藏的事物)均不符合 “要求” 的概念。
衍生词 2:required /rɪˈkwaɪəd/
答案:B解析:required 意为 “必需的、规定的”,即 “necessary or demanded(必要的或被规定的)”,与 “必须修完必修课才能获得学位” 的语境匹配;A(可选的)与词义相反,C(难以理解的)、D(容易忘记的)均与 “必需性” 无关。
5. resist /rɪˈzɪst/
答案:B解析:resist 此处表示 “忍住(诱惑)”,即 “fight against or hold back(对抗或抑制某种冲动)”,符合 “节食时忍住不吃蛋糕” 的场景;A(屈服于)与词义相反,C(接受)、D(享受)均与 “忍住” 的动作无关。
衍生词 1:resistance /rɪˈzɪstəns/
答案:B解析:resistance 是 “抵抗、抵抗力” 的名词形式,指 “the ability to fight against something(对抗某物的能力)”,与 “植物抗病能力强使其长势好” 的语境一致;A(屈服于某物的行为)、C(接受某物的计划)、D(享受某物的方法)均不符合 “抵抗” 的概念。
衍生词 2:resistant /rɪˈzɪstənt/
答案:B解析:resistant 意为 “有抵抗力的、耐…… 的”,即 “able to resist or withstand(能够抵抗或承受的)”,与 “防水材料可用来做雨衣” 的描述一致;A(易被…… 损坏的)与词义相反,C(难以使用的)、D(容易损坏的)均与 “抵抗力” 无关。
6. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/
答案:B解析:respond 此处表示 “回应、回复”,即 “reply or react(对某物作出回复或反应)”,符合 “尽快回复邮件以便做决定” 的场景;A(忽视)、C(删除)、D(隐藏)均与 “回应” 的动作无关。
衍生词 1:response /rɪˈspɒns/
答案:B解析:response 是 “回应、回答” 的名词形式,指 “a reply or reaction to something(对某物的回复或反应)”,与 “等待公司对提案的回应” 的逻辑一致;A(忽视某物的行为)、C(删除某物的计划)、D(隐藏某物的方法)均不符合 “回应” 的概念。
衍生词 2:responsive /rɪˈspɒnsɪv/
答案:B解析:responsive 意为 “积极回应的、反应迅速的”,即 “quick to reply or react(快速回复或反应的)”,与 “老师及时回答学生问题” 的语境匹配;A(对…… 不感兴趣的)、C(难以接近的)、D(容易忘记的)均与 “回应态度” 无关。
7. restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/
答案:B解析:restore 此处表示 “修复、使复原”,即 “bring back to its former state(将某物恢复到原来的状态)”,符合 “修复旧建筑使其恢复原貌” 的场景;A(破坏)与词义相反,C(忽视)、D(隐藏)均与 “修复” 的动作无关。
衍生词 1:restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/
答案:B解析:restoration 是 “修复、恢复” 的名词形式,指 “the process of bringing back to its former state(将某物恢复到原来状态的过程)”,与 “专家团队修复古画” 的语境一致;A(破坏某物的行为)、C(忽视某物的计划)、D(隐藏某物的方法)均不符合 “修复” 的概念。
衍生词 2:restorative /rɪˈstɒrətɪv/
答案:B解析:restorative 此处作形容词,意为 “恢复性的、滋补的”,即 “able to restore health or energy(能够恢复健康或精力的)”,与 “充足睡眠对身心有恢复作用” 的描述一致;A(有破坏性的)与词义相反,C(难以获得的)、D(容易忘记的)均与 “恢复功能” 无关。
8. restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/
答案:B解析:restrict 此处表示 “限制、控制”,即 “limit or control(对数量、范围等进行限制)”,符合 “限制路上汽车数量以减少污染” 的场景;A(增加)、D(扩大)与词义相反,C(忽视)未体现 “限制” 的动作。
衍生词 1:restriction /rɪˈstrɪkʃn/
答案:B解析:restriction 是 “限制、管制规定” 的名词形式,指 “a rule that limits or controls something(限制或控制某物的规定)”,与 “旅行限制影响假期计划” 的语境一致;A(增加某物的行为)、C(忽视某物的计划)、D(扩大某物的方法)均不符合 “限制” 的概念。
衍生词 2:restrictive /rɪˈstrɪktɪv/
答案:B解析:restrictive 意为 “限制性的、约束性的”,即 “limiting or controlling(具有限制或控制作用的)”,与 “公司政策不允许远程办公,具有限制性” 的描述一致;A(灵活的)与词义相反,C(容易遵守的)、D(难以理解的)均与 “限制性” 无关。
9. reward /rɪˈwɔːd/
答案:B解析:reward 此处作动词,意为 “奖励、奖赏”,即 “give a prize or benefit to(给某人奖励或好处)”,符合 “奖励考试最高分的学生” 的场景;A(惩罚)、C(忽视)、D(批评)均与 “奖励” 的动作相反。
衍生词 1:rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/
答案:B解析:rewarding 意为 “有意义的、有回报的”,即 “giving satisfaction or benefit(带来满足感或好处的)”,与 “社区志愿活动让人开心,很有意义” 的语境匹配;A(无聊的)与词义相反,C(困难的)、D(容易的)均与 “是否有回报” 无关。
衍生词 2:rewardless /rɪˈwɔːdləs/
答案:B解析:rewardless 意为 “无回报的、徒劳的”,即 “bringing no reward or benefit(没有带来回报或好处的)”,与 “他拯救公司的努力无回报,最终失败” 的描述一致;A(有利可图的)、C(成功的)与词义相反,D(容易的)与 “是否有回报” 无关。
10. risk /rɪsk/
答案:B解析:risk 此处作动词,意为 “冒险、冒…… 的风险”,即 “take a chance of losing or harming(冒着失去或受伤害的风险)”,符合 “不要冒生命危险爬危险的山” 的场景;A(保护)、D(避免)与词义相反,C(忽视)未体现 “冒险” 的动作。
衍生词 1:risky /ˈrɪski/
答案:B解析:risky 意为 “有风险的、危险的”,即 “involving the possibility of loss or harm(涉及失去或受伤害的可能性)”,与 “把所有钱投给一家公司是有风险的决定” 的语境匹配;A(安全的)、C(明智的)与词义相反,D(容易的)均与 “是否有风险” 无关。
衍生词 2:risky /ˈrɪski/(补充语境)
答案:B解析:risky 此处仍表示 “有风险的”,即 “having a chance of failure or danger(有失败或危险的可能性)”,与 “尝试新的未测试方法有风险,但可能有好结果” 的描述一致;A(肯定会成功的)、C(不可能做到的)与词义相反,D(容易完成的)与 “是否有风险” 无关。

