墨西哥，一州一州看④｜南下加州： 沙漠与海洋 Mexico, State by State④ | Baja California Sur: Desert & Sea

从全球知名的洛斯卡沃斯（Los Cabos）度假区，到可以观赏灰鲸的埃尔维斯卡伊诺（El Vizcaíno）生物圈保护区，再到以渔业和海盐生产闻名的北部地区，南下加利福尼亚州不仅是墨西哥的重要旅游目的地，也是一个拥有多元产业资源的沿海州。

From the world-renowned resort destination of Los Cabos to the El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve, famous for gray whale watching, and the northern region known for fisheries and salt production, Baja California Sur is not only a major tourism destination in Mexico but also a coastal state with diverse economic resources.

· Companies & China - Mexico Cooperation

南下加利福尼亚州的产业特色主要集中在海洋资源、盐业生产和旅游服务等领域，而中国与当地的经贸联系也逐渐从传统贸易向地方交流和产业合作拓展。

Baja California Sur's key industries centre on marine resources, salt production, and tourism services, while economic ties with China are gradually expanding from traditional trade to regional exchanges and industrial cooperation.

墨西哥盐业出口公司 | Exportadora de Sal (ESSA)

ESSA是墨西哥重要的国有盐业企业，生产基地位于南下加利福尼亚州穆莱赫市的格雷罗内格罗，主要从事工业盐的生产、运输和销售。

ESSA is one of Mexico's major state-owned salt producers, with its production facilities located in Guerrero Negro, Mulegé, Baja California Sur, focusing on the production, transportation, and sale of industrial salt.

当地盐田拥有大规模工业盐生产能力，产品广泛应用于化工、水处理和食品加工等领域，并通过海运供应国际市场。

Its large-scale salt production facilities supply industrial salt for chemical processing, water treatment, and food manufacturing, with products shipped to international markets by sea.

中墨贸易联系｜China–Mexico Trade Links

水产品是南下加利福尼亚州连接中国市场的重要领域之一，当地出产的龙虾、鲍鱼、虾类及其他海产品具有国际贸易潜力。

Seafood is one of the key sectors connecting Baja California Sur with the Chinese market, with local products such as lobster, abalone, shrimp, and other marine species offering international trade potential.

根据墨西哥经济部 Data México 的2025年贸易数据，中国是南下加利福尼亚州的重要出口目的地之一，当年当地对中国大陆出口额约为3.78亿美元，另有约4.11亿美元出口至中国香港。

According to 2025 trade data from Mexico's Ministry of Economy through Data México, China was one of Baja California Sur's important export destinations, with exports to China mainland reaching approximately US$378 million and exports to Hong Kong, China amounting to approximately US$411 million.

同年，中国也是南下加利福尼亚州的重要进口来源地之一，进口额约为7.38亿美元，显示出双方在商品贸易方面存在较为密切的联系。

In the same year, China was also one of Baja California Sur's important import sources, with imports reaching approximately US$738 million, reflecting substantial trade links between the two markets.

拉巴斯市与中国驻蒂华纳总领事馆交流 | La Paz and the Chinese Consulate General in Tijuana

2025年7月，中国驻蒂华纳总领事馆总领事傅新蓉访问南下加利福尼亚州首府拉巴斯市，并与当地政府代表举行会面，双方就加强文化、历史、商业和教育交流进行了讨论。

In July 2025, Fu Xinrong, Consul General of China in Tijuana, visited La Paz, the capital of Baja California Sur, and met with local government representatives to discuss strengthening cultural, historical, commercial, and educational exchanges.

会谈还涉及当地华人社区的历史贡献、中国科技发展以及未来交流活动，体现了双方进一步深化地方合作的意愿。

The meeting also addressed the historical contributions of the local Chinese community, China's technological development, and future exchange activities, reflecting a shared interest in strengthening regional cooperation.

旅游与文化

·Tourism & Culture

洛斯卡沃斯 | Los Cabos

来到南下加利福尼亚州，洛斯卡沃斯几乎是不可错过的一站。

Los Cabos is an almost unmissable destination when visiting Baja California Sur.

这里最著名的景观之一是卡波圣卢卡斯的“拱门”（El Arco），海浪、岩石与蔚蓝海水共同构成了半岛南端极具代表性的自然风景。

One of its most iconic landmarks is El Arco in Cabo San Lucas, where crashing waves, dramatic rock formations, and blue waters create a distinctive landscape at the southern tip of the peninsula.

埃尔维斯卡伊诺生物圈保护区 | El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve

如果想感受更原始的自然环境，可以前往位于穆莱赫市的埃尔维斯卡伊诺生物圈保护区。

For a more immersive experience of nature, visitors can explore the El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve in the municipality of Mulegé.

这里拥有广阔的沙漠、海岸湿地和泻湖，也是灰鲸迁徙和繁殖的重要区域，每年吸引大量游客前来观鲸。

The reserve features vast desert landscapes, coastal wetlands, and lagoons, and serves as an important migration and breeding area for gray whales, attracting visitors for whale-watching activities each year.

洛雷托国家海洋公园 | Loreto Bay National Park

洛雷托位于加利福尼亚湾沿岸，以海岛景观和丰富的海洋生物多样性闻名。

Located along the Gulf of California, Loreto is renowned for its island scenery and rich marine biodiversity.

洛雷托湾国家公园（Bahía de Loreto National Park）拥有多座海岛及周边海域，是潜水、观鲸、海上观光和生态旅游的热门目的地。

Loreto Bay National Park encompasses several islands and surrounding marine areas, making it a popular destination for diving, whale watching, boat excursions, and ecotourism.

圣弗朗西斯科山岩画 | Sierra de San Francisco Cave Paintings

除了海洋景观，这里也保留着珍贵的史前文化遗产。

Beyond its marine landscapes, the state also preserves valuable prehistoric cultural heritage.

圣弗朗西斯科山脉的岩画以大型人物、动物和几何图案闻名，展现了半岛早期居民的生活与精神世界，是联合国教科文组织认定的世界文化遗产。

The cave paintings of the Sierra de San Francisco are known for their large human figures, animals, and geometric patterns, offering insights into the lives and spiritual world of the peninsula's early inhabitants and forming part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

舌尖探州

· A Taste of Baja California Sur

来到南下加利福尼亚州，海鲜自然是餐桌上的主角。

In Baja California Sur, seafood naturally takes centre stage at the dining table.

当地特色美食之一是巧克力蛤蜊（Almejas Chocolatas），这种贝类因外壳呈巧克力棕色而得名，常见做法是放在炭火上烤制，保留海鲜本身的鲜甜。

One of the region's signature dishes is Almejas Chocolatas, or chocolate clams, named for their chocolate-brown shells and often grilled over charcoal to bring out their natural sweetness.

另一道代表性美食是鱼肉塔可（Tacos de Pescado），将炸鱼或烤鱼搭配玉米饼、卷心菜、酱汁和青柠，是下加利福尼亚半岛颇具代表性的地方风味。

Another local favourite is Tacos de Pescado, featuring fried or grilled fish served with tortillas, cabbage, sauces, and lime, making it one of the peninsula's most recognizable regional dishes.

此外，龙虾、鲍鱼和各类鲜鱼也经常出现在当地餐桌上，充分体现了这片土地与海洋之间密不可分的关系。

Lobster, abalone, and a variety of fresh fish are also common on local menus, reflecting the close relationship between the region and the surrounding seas.