根据日本《著作权法》，该法的目的是规定作者的权利和与作品有关的邻接权，以及与表演、录音制品、广播和有线电视有关的权利，并确保对作者和其他此类人员的权利的保护，同时关注这些文化产品的公平利用，从而促进文化发展。
在日本，法律规定著作权在作品创作完成的那一刻自动产生，取得著作权无需办理任何手续。日本《著作权法》上规定的登记制度，不是为了取得权利，而是由于可以公示著作权关系的法律事实或确保著作权转让时的交易安全等缘故，并且登记结果在法律上可以产生一定的效应。
日本文化厅（Agency for Cultural Affairs）负责著作权的登记。
为了发展适应社会变化和信息技术发展和普及的版权制度，文化厅成立了文化事务委员会版权小组委员会，对著作权进行研究。
文化厅还负责实施各种措施来促进版权作品的顺利使用和发行，并开展与版权相关的教育计划。此外，文化厅负责应对国际问题，例如实施打击海外盗版的措施和参与制定国际版权规则。
根据日本《著作权法》，“作品”是指属于文学、学术、艺术或音乐领域的创造性的思想或情感的表达。作品的形式主要包括：
小说、剧本、文章、讲稿和其他文字作品，但关于当前事件的新闻报道和除了事实之外没有其他内容的杂项新闻报道不包括在内；
音乐作品；
舞蹈和哑剧作品；
绘画、木版画、雕塑和其他美术作品；
建筑作品；
地图和其他学术性质的绘图，如计划、图表和模型等；
电影作品；
摄影作品；
计算机编程作品，但对此类作品的保护并不延伸到用于创作该作品的编程语言、编码惯例或算法；
衍生作品，但对衍生作品的保护不影响原作作者的权利；
汇编作品——由于对其内容的选择或安排而构成智力创造的汇编（构成数据库的汇编除外），作为作品受到保护，但不影响构成该汇编一部分的作品的作者的权利。
数据库作品——由于对其中所含信息的选择或系统构建而构成创作的数据库，作为作品受到保护，但不影响构成该数据库一部分的作品的作者的权利。
只有满足以下条件的作品，才可在日本受到著作权保护：
属于日本国民——包括根据日本法律或法规成立的公司或在日本设有主要办事处的公司（同样适用于以下情况）——的作品；
首次出版在日本进行的作品，包括在国外首次出版并在首次出版之日起30天内在日本出版的作品；
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根据国际条约，日本有义务保护的前两项以外的作品。
一般情况下，著作权的保护期始于作品创作时，存续到作者去世后满70年截止；对于合作作品，存续到最后一名合作作者去世后70年。
匿名或假名作品的著作权保护期为作品公开后的70年；但是，如果在匿名或假名作品的著作权保护期届满之前，发现该作品的作者已经去世70年，则视为保护期在该作者去世70年后已经截止。
以法人及其他团体署名发表的作品、电影作品的著作权，存续到作品公开后满70年；如果作品一直未公开，则为创作完成后70年。
除了计算机程序之外的其他作品，仅仅是创作出来并不能够登记。只有作品已经发表，或是发生了转让著作权等事实的情况，才可以登记。
日本著作权登记进行的是形式审查，对是否该日期为首次发行或是当事人之间是否存在权利转让关系不作审查。但是，如果申请人提交的文件与事实不同，并要求文化厅登记不真实的内容，可能将受到根据日本《刑法》的指控。
According to the Copyright Law of Japan, the purpose of the law is to provide for the rights of authors and neighboring rights in relation to works, as well as rights in relation to performances, phonograms, broadcasting and cable television, and to ensure the protection of the rights of authors and other such persons, while paying attention to the fair use of these cultural products, thereby promoting cultural development.
In Japan, the law stipulates that copyright arises automatically the moment a work is created, and that no formalities are required to obtain copyright.
The registration system provided for in the Japanese Copyright Law is not for the purpose of acquiring rights, but rather for the purpose of publicizing the legal facts of the copyright relationship or ensuring the security of transactions in the event of a transfer of copyright, etc., and the result of the registration can have a certain effect in the eyes of the law.
The Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japan is responsible for the registration of copyrights.
In order to develop a copyright system that is responsive to changes in society and the development and spread of information technology, the Agency for Cultural Affairs has established the Subcommittee on Copyright of the Council for Cultural Affairs to conduct research on copyright.
The Agency for Cultural Affairs is also responsible for implementing various measures to promote the smooth use and distribution of copyrighted works and for conducting educational programs related to copyright.
In addition, the Agency is responsible for responding to international issues, such as implementing measures to combat overseas piracy and participating in the formulation of international copyright rules.
According to the Copyright Law of Japan, a "work" is a creative expression of thought or feeling that belongs to the literary, academic, artistic or musical fields. The forms of works mainly include:
Novels, plays, articles, speeches and other written works, except for news reports on current events and miscellaneous news reports with no content other than facts;
Musical works;
Dance and pantomime works;
paintings, woodblock prints, sculptures and other works of fine art;
architectural works;
maps and other drawings of a scholarly nature, such as plans, charts and models;
works of cinema;
Photographic works;
computer programming works, but protection for such works does not extend to the programming language, coding conventions or algorithms used to create the work;
Derivative works, but the protection of derivative works does not affect the rights of the author of the original work;
compilation works - compilations (other than compilations constituting databases) that constitute intellectual creations by virtue of the selection or arrangement of their contents are protected as works, but the protection of such works does not extend to the rights of the authors of the works of which they form part.
Database works - databases that constitute creations as a result of the selection or systematic construction of the information contained therein are protected as works, without prejudice to the rights of the authors of the works that form part of such databases.
Only works that fulfill the following conditions are protected by copyright in Japan:
A work that belongs to a Japanese national - including a company established under the laws or regulations of Japan or a company that has its principal office in Japan (the same applies to the following cases);
Works whose first publication takes place in Japan, including works first published abroad and published in Japan within 30 days of the date of first publication;
Works other than the first two that Japan is obligated to protect under international treaties.
Generally, the term of copyright protection begins at the time of the creation of the work and lasts until 70 years after the death of the author or, in the case of a collaborative work, until 70 years after the death of the last collaborating author.
In the case of anonymous or pseudonymous works, the term of copyright protection lasts for 70 years after the work has been made public; however, if it is discovered that the author of an anonymous or pseudonymous work has been dead for 70 years before the expiration of the term of copyright protection, the term of protection is deemed to have expired 70 years after the death of the author.
The copyright of works published under the name of legal persons and other organizations, and cinematographic works, shall survive until 70 years after the work has been made public; if the work has not been made public, it shall survive for 70 years after the completion of its creation.
The mere creation of a work other than a computer program is not registrable. Only if the work has been published, or if a transfer of copyright has occurred, etc., can it be registered.
The registration of copyrights in Japan is examined on a formal basis, and there is no examination of whether or not the date is the date of first publication or whether or not there is a transfer of rights between the parties.
However, if an applicant submits documents that differ from the facts and requests the Agency for Cultural Affairs to register untruths, he or she may be subject to charges under the Japanese Penal Code.
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