域外动态||提供选择：加拿大宽带行业竞争研究

Introduction

摘要

Key messages

关键信息

This Study is the result of a year-long effort by the Bureau to better understand competition in respect of residential broadband internet services.

这份报告是加拿大竞争局一年以来为更加了解居民宽带互联网服务行业的竞争情况而作出的。

As a result of this Study, the Bureau is better prepared for future developments and events in the Canadian broadband industry, including the CRTC's upcoming hearing on wireline wholesale regulation.

加拿大竞争局为加拿大宽带行业未来的发展和活动做出更加充分的准备，该项研究成果包括加拿大广播电视及通讯委员会即将举行的关于有线网批售监管的听证会。

The analysis in this Study is based on information obtained from public and industry sources, as well as original public opinion research designed to illuminate important consumer perspectives on the industry.

本研究的分析基于从公众和行业来源获得的信息，以及最初的民意调查，旨在阐明消费者对该行业的重要意见。

Context of this study

研究背景

From May 2018 to June 2019, the Bureau undertook a market study of competition in respect of residential broadband internet services. Broadband internet services are the type of high-speed connections that most Canadians use to access the internet at home. This study has examined competition in respect of the broadband internet services that play a vital role in our modern economy, and has allowed the Bureau to remain current on industry developments.

2018年5月至2019年6月，该局就居民宽带互联网服务的竞争进行市场研究。宽带互联网服务是大部分的加拿大人在家中连接互联网所使用的高速连接的类型。这项研究主要探究在现代经济中扮演重要角色的宽带互联网服务方面的竞争。这使得该局能够随时了解该行业发展情况。

The Bureau is an independent law enforcement agency that ensures Canadian businesses and consumers prosper in a competitive and innovative marketplace. The Bureau promotes competition by, among other things, advocating for greater reliance on competitive market forces. More competition generally leads to lower prices for consumers, as well as increased choice and greater innovation.

该局是一个独立的执法机构，这确保加拿大的企业和消费者在竞争和创新的市场中繁荣发展。除此以外，该局倡导更多地依赖竞争性市场力量来促进竞争。更多的竞争通常会导致消费者价格的下降以及产生更多的选择和更好的创新。

One way the Bureau promotes competition is through market studies like this one. Market studies allow the Bureau to view an industry through a general competition lens. In conducting market studies, the Bureau may identify relevant laws, policies, regulations or other factors that may impede competition. This is different than the Bureau's law enforcement activities, which aim to investigate whether the law has been contravened, and bring enforcement action where appropriate.

该局使用的一个促进竞争的方法是通过这样的市场研究使得该局能够透过一般的竞争视角来看待一个行业。在进行市场研究时，该局可确定有关法律、政策、条例或可能妨碍竞争的其他因素。这与该局所实施的执法活动不同，后者旨在调查是否触犯法例，并酌情采取执法行动。

Scope of Study

研究范围

This study focuses on residential broadband internet services. It does not evaluate or elaborate on other aspects of the Canadian telecommunications or broadcasting industries, except insofar as they are relevant to consumer choices in respect of broadband internet services.

本研究的重点是居民宽带互联网服务。它不评估或详细阐述加拿大电信或广播行业的其他方面，除非它们与消费者在宽带互联网服务方面的选择有关。

This study is not a full-scale competition analysis of the industry. In the context of market studies, the Bureau does not have formal investigative powers to compel information from those who have, or are likely to have, relevant information. Therefore, in conducting market studies, the Bureau must rely on voluntary cooperation of stakeholders to access the information needed to perform the study. This limitation means that, in some areas, the Bureau may not be able to draw firm conclusions about the competitive realities of an industry.

本研究并非对行业进行全面的竞争分析。该局在市场研究方面没有正式的调查权力，无法迫使那些拥有或可能掌握相关信息的人提供信息。因此在进行市场研究时，该局必须依靠利益相关方的自愿合作从而获得开展研究所需的信息。这一限制意味着该局在某些领域可能无法就行业的竞争现实得出确定的结论。

Why study broadband?

为什么要研究宽带行业？

Broadband internet is the engine of the digital economy. A wide range of activities, both social and economic, are fueled and catalyzed by the internet. Accordingly, a major reason for undertaking this study is to ensure that the Bureau remains up to date with the current structure, competitive reality, and relevant regulations that govern the industry.

宽带互联网是数字经济的引擎。互联网促进和推动广泛的社会活动和经济活动。因此，进行这项研究的一个主要原因是确保该局保持最新的现有结构、竞争现实和管理该行业的有关条例。

Additionally, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), which regulates aspects of the Canadian broadband marketplace, will be reviewing its broadband industry regulation in the near future.The Bureau has a mandate to assist regulators in matters respecting competition.Accordingly, this study is an opportunity for the Bureau to gain advanced knowledge of the industry before the commencement of this important review.

此外，监管加拿大宽带市场的各方面的加拿大广播电视电信委员会将于近期审查宽带行业的法规。该局的任务是协助监管机构处理有关竞争的事项。因此，这项研究是该局在这项重要审查开始之前获得行业最新信息的机会。

Methodology

研究方法

The Bureau uses a multitude of approaches to assessing competition-related topics in this study. A complete description of the methodologies used by the Bureau in undertaking this study is set out in Appendix B. Figure 1 presents a brief overview of some of the key methodological tools used in this study.

本研究中,该局采用多种方法评估与竞争有关的专题。附录B列出了该局在进行这项研究时所使用的方法的完整说明。图1简要概述了本研究中使用的一些关键的方法。

Use of follow-on questions rather than recommendations

使用“后续问题”而不是“建议”

Consistent with the Bureau's role as Canada's competition expert, some Bureau market study reports make formal recommendations to regulators and policy-makers. However, this report takes a different approach. Instead, in parts of this report, the Bureau articulates a series of follow-on questions that arise from the discussions and analyses set out therein. These questions may serve as key motivators for future work in this industry and, in the Bureau's opinion, are important questions necessary to conceptualize and define competition analysis in future fora.

该局是加拿大竞争研究方面的专业机构，其曾作出的一些市场研究报告向监管机构和决策者提供了正式建议。然而，本报告采取了不同的做法。恰恰相反，在本报告的部分内容中，该局阐明了其中讨论和分析所产生的一系列后续问题。这些问题可作为该行业今后工作的主要动力，该局认为这些问题是今后竞争分析概念化和界定所必需的重要问题。

Use of consumer quotes in this report

在此研究中援引消费者的意见

In conducting this study, the Bureau solicited the views of Canadians through an online survey hosted on the Bureau's website. Through this survey, a wide range of consumers submitted their views. Quotes from these submissions are included in parts of this report to underscore the real world considerations that have driven this study.

进行这项研究时，该局通过该局的网站上举办的在线调查征求了加拿大消费者的意见。通过这项调查，广大消费者提出了自己的看法。为了强调进行这项研究的实际意义，本报告的部分内容中包括这些提交的意见。