卖出的每十辆新车中，已经有六辆是新能源。
Six out of every ten new cars sold today are new energy vehicles.
截至2025年11月，新能源车市场渗透率攀升至59.5%，创下新高。
By November 2025, NEV market penetration had reached 59.5%, a record high.
新能源，已经不是“要不要买”的问题，而是“买哪一辆”的问题。
The question is no longer whether to buy an NEV, but which one to choose.
但当热情退去，很多消费者心中仍有一个挥之不去的疑问：
Yet behind the enthusiasm, one question still lingers for many consumers:
新能源车，真的靠谱吗？
Are new energy vehicles truly reliable?
尤其是在寒冷的冬天。
Especially in harsh winter conditions.
低温之下，会不会突然趴窝？
Will the car suddenly fail to start in extreme cold?
续航，会不会一夜“蒸发”？
Will driving range suddenly disappear overnight?
到底什么样的新能源车，才能不踩雷？
Which NEVs can actually be trusted?
2025年《汽车之家冬季大考实测洞察报告》，用数据给出了答案。
The 2025 Winter Test Insight Report by Autohome provides data-backed answers.
首先是低温可靠性：
First, low-temperature reliability.
今年新能源车的低温可靠性相比往年提升明显。
This year’s NEVs showed a significant improvement over previous years.
在近一个月的高强度测试中，90%的测试车型未出现低温可靠性问题。
During nearly a month of intensive testing, 90% of vehicles showed no low-temperature reliability issues.
过去常见的门把手失灵、车门异常、屏幕黑屏等问题，几乎消失。
Common issues like frozen door handles, malfunctioning doors, and screen failures were rarely seen.
在严寒、高强度、长时间室外静置的交叉考验下，仅有5台车“掉链子”。
Under combined extreme cold and stress testing, only five vehicles experienced failures.
问题主要集中在小电瓶亏电、无法启动、空调制热失效、空悬短暂异常等。
Issues included auxiliary battery drain, failure to start, heating system malfunction, and temporary air suspension failure.
再来看最受关注的续航表现。
Now, let’s look at the most talked-about issue: driving range.
在极寒环境下，纯电车型平均续航达成率为42%。
In extreme cold, pure EVs achieved an average range fulfillment of 42%.
插混与增程车型的综合续航达成率则达到53%。
Plug-in hybrids and range-extended models reached a combined fulfillment rate of 53%.
这也解释了一个现实趋势：
This explains a real-world trend.
在西北和东北等寒冷地区，插混和增程车型销量占比已超过60%。
In colder regions like Northwest and Northeast China, PHEVs and EREVs account for over 60% of NEV sales.
但值得注意的是，今年纯电与插混之间的差距正在缩小。
Notably, the gap between EVs and PHEVs is narrowing.
实测显示，插混车型平均续航达成率为52%，纯电车型为42%。
Test results show 52% for PHEVs versus 42% for pure EVs.
差距，并没有想象中那么大。
The difference is smaller than many expected.
今年共有32款纯电车型参与测试，平均电池容量达79kWh。
A total of 32 pure EV models were tested, with an average battery capacity of 79 kWh.
在-25℃至-10℃环境下，平均实测续航为257公里。
In temperatures between -25°C and -10°C, the average real-world range was 257 km.
其中，望U7以372.9公里的实测成绩领跑。
The WANG U7 led the test with an actual range of 372.9 km.
技术进步同样体现在电池类型上。
Technological progress is also evident in battery chemistry.
本次测试中，磷酸铁锂与三元锂在低温续航上的差距并不明显。
This year, LFP and ternary lithium batteries showed minimal differences in cold-weather performance.
磷酸铁锂车型平均续航达成率为42.03%，三元锂为41.6%。
LFP models averaged 42.03%, while ternary lithium models reached 41.6%.
“怕冷”的标签，正在被逐步撕掉。
The stereotype of LFP batteries being “afraid of cold” is fading.
海外品牌的表现同样值得关注。
Overseas brands also delivered notable results.
海外主流品牌纯电车型的平均续航达成率达到43.7%，居各阵营之首。
Mainstream international brands achieved an average range fulfillment of 43.7%, the highest among all groups.
融合中国新能源供应链的日产N7表现尤为亮眼。
The Nissan N7, leveraging China’s NEV supply chain, stood out.
但并非所有高端车型都交出高分答卷。
However, not all premium models impressed.
奔驰CLA新能源标称CLTC续航超过800公里，实测仅320公里。
The Mercedes-Benz CLA EV claimed over 800 km CLTC range but delivered only 320 km in testing.
达成率仅37%，成为标称与实测差距最大的车型之一。
Its fulfillment rate was just 37%, one of the widest gaps observed.
在严寒环境中，空调制热能力成为新的“短板”。
In extreme cold, heating efficiency emerged as a new weak point.
在-22℃至-16℃的测试条件下，仅14%的车型在15分钟内将前排升温至舒适区。
At temperatures between -22°C and -16°C, only 14% of vehicles reached comfortable cabin temperatures within 15 minutes.
这意味着，续航能扛，体感却仍需优化。
Range may survive, but comfort still needs improvement.
安全方面，表现同样喜忧参半。
Safety performance was a mixed bag.
在雪地AEB测试中，49款车型中仅3款能在60km/h完成刹停。
In snow-covered AEB tests, only 3 out of 49 vehicles stopped successfully at 60 km/h.
不过，搭载华为智能辅助驾驶系统的车型，在高难度测试中表现明显更优。
Vehicles equipped with Huawei’s ADAS showed significantly better performance in high-difficulty scenarios.
总体来看，今年的新能源车，确实比过去更靠谱了。
Overall, NEVs in 2025 are far more reliable than before.
在极寒环境下，纯电续航达成率最高已达54%。
Even in extreme cold, the best EVs achieved up to 54% range fulfillment.
插混与增程车型综合续航更是突破1000公里。
PHEVs and EREVs exceeded 1,000 km in total driving range.
当然，它们仍不完美。
Of course, they’re not perfect.
空调效率、雪地辅助驾驶，仍需时间打磨。
Heating efficiency and snow-road ADAS still require refinement.
但可以肯定的是——
But one thing is clear:
新能源车，已经从“敢不敢买”，进化到了“怎么买得更好”。
NEVs have evolved from “dare we buy” to “how do we buy smart.”
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