深蓝对话第2期
“深蓝梦想2035”是中国发起的十年环球海洋科考行动，旨在联结科学、产业与公众，推动科学发现、科技创新与公众参与，为全球可持续发展贡献方案。
“Deep Blue Voyager 2035” is a decade-long ocean expedition launched by China, uniting science, industry, and the public to drive discovery, innovation, and participation for a sustainable ocean future.
深蓝对话，则是这一行动的思想前沿阵地，汇聚科学智慧、产业洞见与社会声音，搭建科学、产业与公众共创未来的高端平台。
Deep Blue Dialogue is its thought leadership platform—bringing together scientific wisdom, industrial insights, and diverse voices to co-create a shared blue future.
深蓝对话第2期，我们邀请到“深蓝梦想2035”总首席科学家、欧洲科学院院士、欧洲人文与自然科学院院士林间。以下是与林间院士的部分对话实录。
Deep Blue Dialogue Episode 2 features Lin Jian, Chief Scientist of "Deep Blue Voyager 2035", Member of Academia Europaea and European Academy of Sciences. Below is an excerpt from our conversation.
林间院士：科学的本质是造福人类，而最重要的科学创新是“原始创新”，即去到人类从未抵达的地方，做全世界从未尝试过的研究，取得真正颠覆性的发现。“深蓝梦想2035” 正是为这种从0到1的原始创新创造了条件。
The essence of science is to benefit humanity, and the highest form of innovation is original innovation—venturing where no one has ever been, doing what has never been done, and making transformative discoveries. "Deep Blue Voyager 2035" creates the perfect conditions for such groundbreaking endeavors.
在即将启航的首航中，我们计划深入世界最大的海底高原——翁通爪哇高原，探索大规模火山喷发与全球生物灭绝之间的联系，寻找地球演化的关键证据。同时，我们将进入全球第二深且位于公海的汤加海沟，在不受限制的环境中长期开展科学实验，积累深海地质、气候和生态的第一手资料。我们还将观测海底矿产和独特的深海生物资源，这些尚未被充分认识的资源，不仅关乎科学探索，更关乎人类未来的可持续发展。
On our maiden voyage, we will explore the world’s largest submarine plateau—the Ontong Java Plateau—to study the link between massive volcanic eruptions and global mass extinctions, seeking critical evidence of Earth’s evolution. At the same time, we will venture into the Tonga Trench, the second deepest in the world and located in international waters, where long-term experiments can be conducted freely. We will also investigate deep-sea mineral and biological resources, which remain largely untapped yet hold immense significance for both scientific discovery and humanity’s sustainable future.
深海探索是科技的极限挑战。人工智能、无人潜航器、未来大洋钻探、先进传感器等一系列“硬核技术”都将在这次远航中得到检验和突破。这不仅是解锁深海奥秘，更是推动技术迭代，为新能源、绿色航运和智能制造等产业注入新动能。
Deep-sea exploration is the ultimate frontier of technology. Cutting-edge tools such as artificial intelligence, autonomous submersibles, future ocean drilling, and advanced sensors will all be tested and advanced during this voyage. This is not only about unlocking the mysteries of the deep ocean but also about driving technological breakthroughs that will fuel new industries such as renewable energy, green shipping, and intelligent manufacturing.
更重要的是，这是一场跨越十年的远征。十年意味着可以培养出一整代青年科学家——他们将走出实验室，亲历实战科考，在国际舞台交流合作，成长为具有国际视野和引领能力的顶尖人才。这正是国家最需要的战略科技力量。
More importantly, this is a decade-long expedition—enough to cultivate an entire new generation of scientists. They will step out of the lab, gain real expedition experience, collaborate on the international stage, and grow into leaders with global vision and influence. This is the kind of strategic scientific talent our nation needs most.
因此，“深蓝梦想2035”不仅是一项科学远征，更是一次科技突破的契机、产业升级的推动力和人才培养的战略布局。它既承载着科学探索的梦想，也展现了中国推动全球海洋治理、共建海洋命运共同体的责任与担当。
Therefore, "Deep Blue Voyager 2035" is not only a scientific expedition but also a catalyst for technological breakthroughs, a driver of industrial transformation, and a strategic initiative for talent development. It embodies the dream of scientific exploration while showcasing China’s responsibility and commitment to advancing global ocean governance and building a shared future for humankind and the ocean.
林间院士：二十年前，也就是2005年，我和一大批科学家一起完成了一次近代的环球航次。那次远航一共持续了大约280天，我们从太平洋出发，穿越巴拿马运河进入大西洋，再绕过非洲最南端的好望角进入印度洋，最后回到了南海。这次航次不仅是一项科学壮举，更重要的是培养了一批年轻的科学家，他们如今都在中国的大洋事业中发挥着非常重要的领导作用。我们相信，在未来十年里，“深蓝梦想2035”同样会孕育出新一代科学家，他们将成为引领中国深海探索和发展的核心力量。
Twenty years ago, in 2005, I joined a large group of scientists on a modern global voyage. That journey lasted about 280 days: we set out from the Pacific, passed through the Panama Canal into the Atlantic, rounded the Cape of Good Hope at Africa’s southern tip, entered the Indian Ocean, and finally returned to the South China Sea. This voyage was not only a scientific achievement but also nurtured a generation of young scientists who now hold key leadership roles in China’s oceanic endeavors. We believe that in the next decade, "Deep Blue Voyager 2035" will similarly produce a new generation of scientists who will lead China’s deep-sea exploration and development.
我们始终认为，科学的责任不仅仅是探索未知，还要为产业的可持续发展提供方向和依据。现在，大多数公众甚至一些科学家，对海洋和海底的了解仍然有限。很多人一听到“深海采矿”，就会担心是不是会造成严重的生态灾难。但在我们看来，问题的关键不在于要不要开发，而在于如何科学、负责任地开发。就像陆地上的采矿一样，如果没有稀土，我们就没有半导体产业。深海资源也是如此，拒绝开发并不现实，真正重要的是我们要用科学的方法和证据来评估、监测和控制可能的环境影响。
We have always believed that the responsibility of science is not only to explore the unknown but also to provide direction and evidence for sustainable industrial development. Today, most of the public, and even some scientists, still have limited knowledge of the ocean and the seabed. When people hear about “deep-sea mining,” they often fear it will trigger severe ecological disasters. In our view, however, the real question is not whether to develop, but how to develop responsibly and scientifically. Just like land-based mining—without rare Earth elements, there would be no semiconductor industry. The same applies to deep-sea resources: refusing to develop them is not realistic. What truly matters is using science and evidence to assess, monitor, and control environmental impacts.
我认为，科学家必须走在最前列。我们要承担起探索和验证的责任，用实验和数据告诉大家：如果采用某种方法，会对环境产生哪些具体影响？影响的范围有多大？生态系统需要多长时间才能恢复？这些都必须有证据，而不能停留在想象和推测。当我们拿出确凿的证据时，即使不同的人有不同的立场或意识形态，也都会被事实说服。科学的真正价值，就是把空谈和恐惧转化为数据和证据。
I believe that scientists must take the lead. We have to bear the responsibility of exploration and validation, and use experiments and data to show: what specific impacts a certain method might cause on the environment, how extensive those impacts would be, and how long it might take for ecosystems to recover. These conclusions must be backed by evidence, not imagination or speculation. Once we present solid evidence, even those with different positions or ideologies will be convinced. The true value of science lies in transforming speculation and fear into data and evidence.
我们始终坚信，深海开发与环境保护并不是对立的。关键在于找到平衡点。这不仅需要“深蓝梦想2035”的努力，更需要全球科学家的合作。中国科学家完全有能力在这一过程中提出“中国方案”——我们的方案不仅仅是概念，而是基于长期实地数据和研究得出的切实路径。这就是我们对“深蓝梦想2035”的期待：以科学为基础，联合世界科学家，提出负责任的全球性解决方案，为人类和海洋的共同未来服务。
We have always emphasized that deep-sea development and environmental protection are not contradictory. The key is to find a balance. This requires not only the efforts of "Deep Blue Voyager 2035" but also the collaboration of scientists worldwide. Chinese scientists are fully capable of contributing a “China Solution”—a solution based not on theory alone, but on practical pathways grounded in long-term field data and research. This is what we expect from "Deep Blue Voyager 2035": to unite scientists across the globe, build evidence-based solutions, and offer responsible approaches that serve both humanity and the ocean’s shared future.
林间院士：在未来十年的探索中，我们最期待的“黑科技”其实很多今天是无法提前预知的，因为真正的突破往往是在探索过程中偶然诞生的。但可以肯定的是，我们已经看到了几个方向。
In the next decade, many of the so-called “black technologies” cannot be predicted today, because true breakthroughs often emerge unexpectedly during exploration. However, we can already point to several key directions.
首先是无人系统和智能化。过去几百年来，海洋科考一直依赖大型船只，但未来的模式会彻底不同。我们的传统科考船只是走的较慢的单一平台，但未来真正能监测快速变化的大气-全海深-海底系统的将是无人机、无人船和无人潜器，它们能够形成庞大的集群，全天候、多维度地采集海洋数据。今年7月，我们已经在南海成功实现了“海空潜”三位一体的无人系统联合实验，这只是一个开始，未来要在全球推广。
First is unmanned and intelligent systems. For centuries, ocean expeditions have relied on large vessels, but the future paradigm will be very different. Our traditional research vessels operate as relatively slow, single platforms. But in the future, it will be drones, unmanned surface vessels, and autonomous submersibles that truly monitor the rapidly changing atmosphere–full ocean depth–seafloor system. These unmanned systems will be able to form massive fleets, collecting ocean data around the clock and across multiple dimensions. This July, we successfully conducted a “air-surface-underwater” joint unmanned system experiment in the South China Sea, and this is just the beginning—we aim to expand this globally.
其次是深海原位观测和高精度采样。传统方法把深海生物带回实验室往往因压力骤变而死亡，而现在我们正在测试全球最先进的“保压-保温-保环境采样”装置，能在深海环境下直接完成观测与分析。未来我们甚至可以在海底原位测量海水的DNA，这将彻底改变人类认知深海生命的方式。
Second is in-situ deep-sea observation and high-precision sampling. Traditional methods often fail because deep-sea organisms die once brought to the surface. Now, we are testing the world’s most advanced pressure-temperature-environment retaining samplers that allow us to study life directly under natural deep-sea conditions. In the near future, we may even perform real-time DNA analysis on the seabed, revolutionizing our understanding of marine life.
再者，人工智能和数字孪生将成为必不可少的工具。海洋广阔而动态，仅靠人工是不可能全面理解的。我们正在与南方科技大学和正在建设的深圳海洋大学合作，搭建数字孪生平台，把科考中实时获取的数据转化为动态的海洋虚拟模型，从而更精准地理解和预测海洋变化。
Third, artificial intelligence and digital twins are indispensable. The ocean is vast and constantly in motion, beyond what man-power alone can comprehend. Together with Southern University of Science and Technology and the in preparation Shenzhen Ocean University, we are building a digital twin system that transforms real-time expedition data into dynamic ocean models, enabling more precise monitoring and forecasting.
最后，我们认为最大的“黑科技”可能是现在根本无法预见的。很多颠覆性的突破往往在不经意间出现，而这正是“深蓝梦想2035”的意义——给科学家们一个十年的舞台去探索未知，催生出意想不到的科技革命。
Finally, we must emphasize that the most groundbreaking technologies may be the ones we cannot yet imagine. History shows that transformative innovations often arise by chance. This is why "Deep Blue Voyager 2035" matters—it provides a decade-long stage for scientists to explore the unknown and generate the unexpected revolutions of tomorrow.
林间院士：过去几十年，能够远赴大洋、深入深海的几乎都是科学家，因为科考的成本太高、距离太远，只有国家层面的科研机构才能负担得起。于是，大洋探索几乎成了科学家的“专属权利”，而企业家、普通公众包括青少年都鲜有机会真正参与。这种状况必须改变。
For decades, deep-ocean expeditions were almost exclusively the domain of scientists. The cost was simply too high and the distances too far, so only national research institutions could undertake them. As a result, ocean exploration became a kind of “exclusive right” for scientists, while entrepreneurs, the public, and especially young people had little opportunity to participate. This must change.
为什么需要科学家与企业家深度合作？因为海洋产业就是未来的新赛道。新质生产力的核心是科技，而科技如果不能与产业结合，就无法转化为价值、市场和产品。单靠科学家是远远不够的。要推动经济和社会发展，必须让科学与产业深度融合，才能创造出真正的新质生产力。
Why? Because the ocean economy is the new frontier. The essence of new productivity lies in science and technology, but without integration with industry, science alone cannot create economic value, markets, or products. Scientists cannot do this alone—true growth requires science and industry working hand in hand.
正因如此，这次“深蓝梦想2035”我们做了一个非常重要的尝试：让企业家与科学家共同登船。在即将启航的南海航段，我们40多人中大约四分之一是企业家，其中一部分企业带着自己的设备来测试，另一部分企业家则是第一次真正走近大海，去感受和理解海洋，并与科学家在船上直接交流。这样的交流本身就可能激发新的灵感，推动新的合作，这是我们希望通过科考建立的示范。
That is why in "Deep Blue Voyager 2035" we are making an innovative experiment: bringing entrepreneurs onboard alongside scientists. On the upcoming South China Sea voyage, about a quarter of our 40 participants are entrepreneurs. Some are testing their instruments, while others are CEOs and chairmen of industrial companies experiencing the ocean for the first time, engaging directly with scientists at sea. These interactions themselves may spark new ideas and collaborations—this is exactly the kind of synergy we want to encourage.
但几次航行还不够。更长远地看，我们必须推动产业联盟的形成。一个公司无法撬动整个海洋产业，必须是企业、科技、政府、金融多方联合，才能把海洋产业做大做强。深圳的很多行业通过产业联盟创造了千亿级规模，这对海洋产业也是极好的启示。
But a few expeditions are not enough. Looking ahead, we need to build industrial alliances. No single company can develop the ocean economy on its own. It will take collaboration between enterprises, scientists, governments, and finance. Many industries in Shenzhen have created trillion-yuan-level clusters through industrial alliances, which offers valuable inspiration for the ocean economy.
海洋占据地球三分之二的面积，远比陆地广阔。如果我们能真正用好海洋资源，未来带来的经济体量和战略价值将是无法估量的。因此，科学家和企业家的结合是天然的，也是极其必要的。我们坚信，海洋产业一定会成为未来的支柱产业，而“深蓝梦想2035”将成为推动这一进程的重要起点。
The ocean covers two-thirds of the Earth—far more than land. If we can harness its potential, the contribution to global GDP and strategic value will be immense. This is why the partnership between scientists and entrepreneurs is not only natural but urgently needed. We firmly believe the ocean economy will become a pillar of future development, and "Deep Blue Voyager 2035"can play an important role in driving that vision forward.
我们认为，“深蓝梦想2035”不仅仅是一场科学远航，更是一场面向未来的社会实验。它既是一支“宣传队”，也是一台“播种机”。
We believe that "Deep Blue Voyager 2035" is not only a scientific expedition, but also a social experiment for the future. It is both a “messenger” and a “seed planter.”
为什么这么说？科学家本身已经深知海洋的重要性，但科学家只是人口中极少的一部分。我们真正需要做的，是让广大公众、特别是青少年，理解海洋的意义，把海洋放进他们的生命经验里。就像当年美国登月给无数孩子埋下了探索太空的种子一样，我们今天也要为孩子们播下探索海洋的种子。
Why? Scientists already understand the importance of the ocean, but scientists represent only a tiny fraction of humanity. What we really need is for the wider public—and especially young people—to recognize the significance of the ocean and make it part of their life experience. Just as the U.S. moon landing inspired a generation of children to dream of space, we must now plant the seeds of ocean exploration in the hearts of today’s youth.
这次我们有了新的尝试。第一，我们直接邀请央视、新华社、深圳卫视等主流媒体深度参与，而不仅仅是科学家走进学校，这样影响力会更大、更广。
This time, we are trying new approaches. First, we have invited mainstream media such as CCTV, Xinhua, and Shenzhen TV to participate directly, ensuring far greater reach and impact than scientists alone could achieve in schools.
第二，我们邀请知名探险家，比如无腿登顶珠峰的探险家，以及首次徒步穿越沙漠的探险家，让他们走进大洋、走进深海。他们本身就是偶像，拥有极强的社会影响力。
Second, we are bringing in well-known explorers—for example, an explorer, who summited Mount Everest without legs, and the first adventurer to walk across the desert. When these role models journey into the deep ocean, their stories will inspire millions.
第三，我们特别邀请了来自边远地区的中小学生，让他们走出高山，走向深蓝。每个孩子本身就是一颗种子，他们回到学校、家庭和城市，能在更广泛的层面播撒影响。我们还设计了“大手牵小手”的环节，让每一位科学家都直接带一位小学生或中学生，从显微镜下观察水中的生命、到在海上用无人机观测，让科学真正进入孩子的心田。
Third, we are inviting students from remote regions to step out of the mountains and into the deep blue. Every child is a seed; when they return to their schools and communities, they will spread their influence further. We also designed a “Big Hand Holding Small Hand” program, where each scientist will mentor a student, showing them the wonders of marine life under the microscope and taking drones out to sea for observation allows science to truly take root in children’s hearts..
这就是我们所说的“宣传队”和“播种机”。十年下来，我们可以改变整个社会对海洋的认知，让“爱海、知海、护海”的意识成为全民共识。
This is what we mean by a “messenger” and a “seed planter.” Over ten years, we can transform public awareness, making “love the ocean, understand the ocean, and protect the ocean” a shared consensus.
总结起来，我们对“深蓝梦想2035”有四大期待：
In summary, we have four major expectations for "Deep Blue Voyager 2035":
第一，坚持原创，去到全世界从未有人到过的地方，做真正有意义的0到1的科学突破；
To pursue originality—venturing where no one has gone before and achieving meaningful “zero-to-one” breakthroughs.
第二，培养一代战略科学家，让他们在十年间成长为国家和世界需要的顶尖人才；
To cultivate a new generation of strategic scientists, who in ten years’ time will be the scientific leaders that our nation and the world urgently need.
第三，探索科学与产业对接的新模式，让科研和企业携手推动新质生产力；
To explore new models of collaboration between science and industry, driving forward new productive forces.
第四，把这场远航真正变成一支宣传队和一台播种机，推动全民海洋意识的提升。
To turn this voyage into both a messenger and a seed planter, raising ocean awareness across society.
这十年注定不会轻松，但正因为如此，它才值得，我们才有机会把一件真正伟大的事业做出来。
The journey ahead will not be easy. But that is precisely why it matters—because only through such challenges can we accomplish something truly great.
