CMEE前沿洞察第10期
Frontier Insights EP10
CMEE
APEC国家
APEC Economies
海洋产业投资机遇
Marine Industry Investment Opportunities
——墨西哥篇
The Mexico Edition
正在如火如荼进行的美加墨世界杯，不仅是体育界的盛事，也让墨西哥再次站在全球流量与资本的聚光灯下。作为东道主之一，墨西哥是拉美第二大经济体，也是中国在拉美地区最重要的贸易伙伴之一。长久以来，中国一直是墨西哥的第二大贸易伙伴，双边贸易规模已突破千亿美元大关。与此同时，墨西哥对美国出口占比常年超过80%，深度嵌入北美供应链体系。
在这样的结构中，墨西哥并不是传统意义上的“海洋资源型国家”，而更像一个以海运为驱动的出口制造大国，其海洋经济的本质，是连接全球供应链的战略通道体系。
The ongoing FIFA World Cup across the United States, Canada, and Mexico has once again placed Mexico in the global spotlight. As one of the host countries, Mexico is not only the second-largest economy in Latin America, but also one of China’s most important trading partners in the region, with bilateral trade exceeding USD 100 billion. At the same time, more than 80% of Mexico’s exports are directed to the United States, deeply embedding the country into the North American supply chain. In this structure, Mexico is not a traditional “marine resource economy,” but rather an export-driven manufacturing nation powered by maritime logistics. Its maritime economy is fundamentally a strategic channel connecting global supply chains.
墨西哥的经济结构，本质上由制造业与外向型贸易共同驱动。制造业占GDP比重超过30%，汽车、电子产品与机械设备是其主要出口产品。这一体系高度依赖港口与海运网络，将北美市场与亚洲的制造体系紧密连接。从全球分工来看，墨西哥更接近一个“海运型制造国家”——即通过港口体系嵌入全球价值链，而非依赖本土资源开发的传统海洋经济体。因此，其海洋经济的核心不在于渔业捕捞或资源开采，而是港口、航运与制造业协同形成的出口通道能力。
Mexico’s economic structure is fundamentally driven by manufacturing and outward-oriented trade. Manufacturing accounts for over 30% of GDP, with automobiles, electronics, and machinery as core export sectors. This system is highly dependent on port infrastructure and maritime logistics, closely linking North American markets with Asian manufacturing networks. From a global division-of-labor perspective, Mexico is best understood as a “maritime manufacturing nation” that integrates into global value chains through ports, rather than relying on domestic resource extraction. Therefore, its maritime economy is not centered on fisheries or resource exploitation, but on the integrated export capacity formed by ports, shipping, and manufacturing.
近年来，墨西哥正在系统性推进港口体系升级，其战略目标是从“美国制造后方”转型为“全球供应链枢纽”。作为这一雄心勃勃计划的一部分，曼萨尼约港—墨西哥最大的集装箱港口，正在推进一项超过30亿美元的扩建工程，目标是在2030年前将吞吐能力提升至约1000万标准箱（TEU）级别。这一重大升级使其成为连接亚洲—北美航运主通道的关键节点。
与此同时，墨西哥全国约110多个港口正同步进行现代化改造，目标是促进港口、铁路与工业园区之间的联动发展，形成“港口+产业+物流”的一体化生态系统。在此基础上，特万特佩克地峡走廊(CIIT)项目正进一步打通太平洋与墨西哥湾之间的跨洋物流通道，被外界视为对巴拿马运河体系的补充，甚至可能成为其替代路径。这标志着墨西哥正从单一海岸国家，向跨洋物流节点国家转变，展现出其在全球供应链中日益重要的地位。
Mexico is currently undergoing a systematic upgrade of its port system, aiming to transform itself from the “backyard of U.S. manufacturing” into a global supply chain hub. Manzanillo Port, the country’s largest container port, is undergoing a major expansion exceeding USD 3 billion, with the goal of reaching approximately 10 million TEU capacity by 2030. This positions it as a key gateway linking Asia and North America.
At the same time, Mexico’s ports system is being modernized in parallel, with strong integration between ports, railways, and industrial zones, forming a unified “port–industry–logistics” system. On top of this, the Interoceanic Corridor project further connects the Pacific and Gulf of Mexico, creating an alternative transoceanic logistics route. This signals Mexico’s transformation from a single-coast country into a cross-ocean logistics hub.
在结构重塑的基础上，墨西哥的海洋经济正迎来三大增长引擎所产生的叠加效应。
首先，近岸外包趋势增强。美国制造业正在加速向墨西哥转移，汽车、电子及医疗器械产业链不断集聚，直接推动港口吞吐量与跨境物流需求的增长。
其次，港口经济正逐步向“物流—产业复合体”转型升级。港口功能从传统运输节点扩展至涵盖保税加工、分拨中心以及制造业入口等多重功能，实现“港口即产业平台”的转型。
最后，海岸旅游与消费经济持续增长。依托加勒比海与太平洋双海岸体系，形成以坎昆、阿卡普尔科等为代表的全球旅游与邮轮经济带，构成海洋经济的第二条增长曲线。
Against this structural transformation, Mexico’s maritime economy is being driven by three converging growth engines.
First is the nearshoring trend, as U.S. manufacturing shifts to Mexico, particularly in automotive, electronics, and medical devices, significantly increasing port throughput and cross-border logistics demand.
Second is the evolution of ports into logistics–industrial hybrid platforms, expanding from transport nodes into bonded processing zones, distribution centers, and manufacturing gateways.
Third is the steady growth of coastal tourism and consumption economies, with the Caribbean and Pacific coastal regions forming global tourism and cruise destinations, creating a second growth curve for the maritime economy.
2026年世界杯对于墨西哥而言，不仅是一场体育盛事，更是一个向全球展示其海岸经济体系的绝佳契机。这一国际赛事将带动海岸城市基础设施升级，包括机场、港口与城市交通系统的综合改善。同时，北美游客南下与全球媒体聚焦，使墨西哥海岸线成为国家形象的重要展示窗口。更重要的是，这一过程将进一步激活酒店、食品冷链、零售与跨境电商等与港口物流高度相关的产业链。
这一过程展现了“世界杯效应”的典型路径：体育赛事带动城市品牌提升和基础设施投资加速，进而推动港口与物流体系的扩展和优化。世界杯的意义，正在于将墨西哥原本处于结构性演进中的海洋经济体系，在短时间内推向全球可见度峰值。
For Mexico, the 2026 World Cup is not only a sporting event but also a global exposure window for its coastal economic system. The event will accelerate infrastructure upgrades in coastal cities, including airports, ports, and urban transport systems. It will also attract massive inflows of North American tourists and global media attention, positioning Mexico’s coastline as a national showcase.
More importantly, it will activate related industries such as hospitality, cold-chain logistics, retail, and cross-border e-commerce. The underlying mechanism follows a clear chain: sports event → city branding → infrastructure acceleration → expansion of port-driven logistics systems. In this sense, the World Cup serves as a catalyst that rapidly amplifies Mexico’s ongoing maritime economic transformation.
从全球趋势来看，墨西哥正在形成三层叠加结构：现实层是北美制造业后方基地，发展层是全球海运制造枢纽，战略层则是跨洋物流节点国家。这一过程中，海洋经济无疑成为推动国家整体结构转型的基石。
对于中国而言，这一趋势也意味着新的合作空间正在打开。中国海洋经济博览会（China Marine Economy Expo）作为全球海洋产业重要的国际化平台，正持续推动港口经济、绿色航运、海洋科技与蓝色金融的全球链接。在这一背景下，墨西哥完全可以成为中国海博会的重要国际合作伙伴，推动港口、航运与制造业的深度协同。
同时，在深圳正在推进的APEC框架年活动中，墨西哥作为APEC重要成员经济体之一，也具备参与区域海洋治理与蓝色经济合作的战略基础。未来，中墨之间在海洋经济、港口物流与绿色航运领域的合作，都将拥有更广阔的空间。
以10月中国海洋经济博览会为起点，中国企业可以更系统地向墨西哥及其北美、拉美合作伙伴展示中国海洋经济的开放姿态与创新能力，围绕墨西哥作为“近岸外包核心承接国”和“北美制造业供应链关键节点”的独特地位，在汽车与高端制造出海供应链协同、跨太平洋与大西洋双向物流通道建设、关键矿产与清洁能源产业链安全、墨西哥湾与太平洋港口体系升级、以及海洋生态保护与蓝色科技合作等领域，探索更加贴近区域现实与产业需求的多层次国际合作空间。
For China, this trend opens new opportunities for cooperation. The China Marine Economy Expo serves as a key international platform for port economy, green shipping, marine technology, and blue finance. Mexico has strong potential to become an important partner in this ecosystem, deepening cooperation in ports, shipping, and manufacturing integration.
（文中图片由AI生成）
资料来源
墨西哥交通与基础设施部SICT
联合国贸发会议世界港口排名
墨西哥海军部(SEMAR)
世贸组织
英国《金融时报》
中国海博会参展参会事宜
合作洽谈请垂询：
张女士 19802042724
参展咨询请垂询：
江女士18826285315 陈先生13922249884
方先生13926092255 程先生18406619186
参观咨询请垂询：
甘女士：19128252731 李女士：13922156391
论坛及“海洋之星”奖项榜单事宜
请垂询：13381157001