Mo Yan: The best career or officer

A few years ago, led by several newspapers in Beijing, launched a denunciation of the current Chinese education. Say "denounce" seems a bit intense, so change it to "discuss."

This discussion provoked a great reaction. Many outraged articles appeared in the press and were said to have attracted the attention of the authorities concerned. I do not know the situation in the city, only in terms of the rural areas I have contact with, in fact, the really outstanding students are not reported to the normal school.

Even excellent students who graduate from normal schools do not necessarily become teachers. It must be admitted that in our society, the highest occupation is still the official, although the salary of the official is not higher than that of teachers, but it is known that most officials do not rely on salary to eat.

They legitimately enjoy the best, and they can live far better than teachers without corruption or bribery. No matter who is down, the official will not be laid off. I often hear that a certain place is in arrears with the wages of teachers, but I have never heard of any place in arrears of the wages of the secretary or county governor.

When a high school teacher is appointed head of even a poor village, he will celebrate with a banquet, but if a head of a village is asked to become a high school teacher, he is likely to hang himself. Of course, the really good people may not be officials.

In the face of such reality, it is difficult to ensure the quality of teachers. With good teaching materials, no good teachers, I am afraid it will not help. So, I think our language education reform, in fact, involves all aspects.

When officials want to be teachers, not to mention the existence of this problem in Chinese education, and then the big problem will be solved. I think, middle school Chinese class, at least should take out two-thirds of the time for students to read, as long as it is not reactionary, yellow, students are willing to read what they read.

The ancients said, "reading broke ten thousand volumes, writing like God," although not necessarily the truth, but certainly reasonable. If our middle school students, in six years' time, can read a hundred ancient and modern classics, then the article will have another atmosphere. Even if he does not write articles in his life, this hundred classics will certainly benefit him for life.

In the current education funding is generally insufficient, let the school take out a lot of money to buy books is unrealistic, why can't we like the "cultural revolution" before that, the language teaching materials into "Chinese" and "literature" two textbooks? When I was young, I was out of school at home, and I repeatedly read the "literature" textbook used by my brother, and felt that I benefited greatly.

My first literary interest and literary accomplishment was cultivated by those "literature" textbooks. In addition, I don't think we need to let the middle school students master so much knowledge of grammar and logic, these knowledge can be put in the university Chinese department to learn.

I feel that if one does not acquire a sense of language in adolescence, I am afraid that it will be difficult for one to write well all one's life. The so-called sense of language can only be gained from reading a lot. As for grammar and logic, you can also learn it at the age of eighty, and it is likely that you will get twice the result with half the effort because of years of practice in using the language.

Let the children like chewing wax to learn that boring logic, grammar, there is no doubt that is a chore, we can make the language teaching interesting. In fact, the vast majority of people, a lifetime will not use their own mother tongue grammar, a basic understanding of grammar, can speak and write correctly in their mother tongue.

Why spend so much time learning things that are useless to most people when we advocate applying what we learn? If we can carry out such a reform in Chinese language education in our secondary schools, the Department of Chinese Language and Literature in our universities will have one more reason to exist. The Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the University trains specialists who are proficient in Chinese grammar and logic. They study the development and history of the Chinese language. After graduation, they can teach Chinese to both Chinese and foreigners.

It would not be like now, an article, primary school students are learning, secondary school students are learning and college students are learning. I think that if the language is compared to a piano, then it does need some people to learn to design and repair, and the vast majority of people, as long as they learn to play it.

Chopin may not be able to repair piano, Shen Congwen may not be able to write a grammar book, and wrote a lot of grammar books Lu Shuxiang, it seems that did not write a good novel. Of course, if something went wrong with the piano, Chopin would know immediately; If a sentence is not fluent, Shen Congwen will feel it immediately, and will revise it smoothly with language sense; If it is indeed a good article, Lu Shuxiang will be more than ordinary people to say its benefits. Another problem that can't help but say, which gives students a headache and makes writers laugh and cry, is our article analysis. It was learned from the Soviet Union, not our own invention. This way, contrary to the average person's reading psychology, or contrary to people's aesthetic habits.

In a lower sense, reading is like eating: a good dish is served, with a good color, smell and taste, and when you are finished, you feel happy and your body is very useful. For most diners, this is the ultimate goal; If you don't let him go after eating, if you ask him to say what raw materials this dish is made of, what method it is made of, and what kind of nutritional value it contains, it is likely to make him vomit up what he eats.

Of course, the trainees of the chef refresher course and nutrition experts are different. I think in daily life, the vast majority of people, is to read as a leisure, is to get pleasure in reading, who will not put in the middle school to learn that set, in daily reading activities. This kind of analysis of the article, in fact, can not improve the writing level. So, basically, it can be said that a lot of what our children learn in middle school language classes is useless.

If it is useful, it is used in the college entrance examination, the college entrance examination is completed, that is, abandoned as our shoes. With so much time, spend so much energy, to learn some one-time consumption of things, it is not cost-effective.

I am not absolutely opposed to the analysis of works, I am opposed to the indiscriminate political analysis and class analysis of all works. For example, Zhu Ziqing's "Moonlight in the Lotus Pond" is, in my opinion, a slightly morbid and beautiful leisure article. It is enough to read such an article as long as one can feel such a mood.

If you have to read Zhu Ziqing's patriotic passion from this article, you have to read Zhu Ziqing's hatred of the enemy, this is a bit far-fetched. If Zhu Ziqing had a spirit in the sky, would he smile in the clouds? Of course, you are willing to analyze this, it is not impossible, but if you have to take your point of view as a standard and force students to accept it, if you do not accept it, you will judge others to be wrong, which is a bit overbearing. Mathematics can have standard answers, physics can have standard answers, many questions in the language, how can there be standard answers?

Poetry without Da Gu, good prose, fiction, it is impossible to have only one interpretation. A "Dream of Red Mansions," Mao Zedong has Mao Zedong's reading method, Hu Shizhi has Hu Shizhi's reading method, we also can not seem because Hu Shizhi is "the spokesman of the bourgeoisie" and denied his reading "Dream of Red Mansions" experience. If we can pull Cao Xueqin back from the tunnel of time and let him listen to the analysis of his Dream of Red Mansions by Redologists, I think he is likely to cover his ears and run away.

Therefore, I think, the student should be allowed to make his own, full of personality analysis of a work, as long as it can be justified, he should be considered right; Even students should be encouraged to dare to be unconventional, dare to disagree with the teacher, and it has nothing to do with the writer's creative intention.

The problem in Chinese education is not a purely technical one. It is a complex social problem, this set of things is actually the product of the social environment, it is not formed overnight, it is impossible to use a week to reform, those things that are being denounced by many people in speech and writing, are also being defended by many people. But these many voices of rebellion, after all, let us see a ray of light.