在国际海运询价及业务操作中,行业缩略语是沟通的基础。外贸人与跨境电商卖家需熟练掌握这些术语,以避免在与国际物流公司对接时出现信息断层。本文梳理了国际海运常用缩略语,助力提升物流作业效率。

基础运输与单证术语
A/W:全水路(All Water)
B/L:海运提单(Bill of Lading)
OBL:海运提单(Ocean or Original B/L)
HBL:子提单(House B/L)
MB/L:主提单(Master Bill Of Loading)
S/O:装货指示书(Shipping Order)
D/O:到港通知(Delivery Order)
C/O:产地证(Certificate of Origin)
MTD:多式联运单据(Multimodal Transport Document)
Doc#:文件号码(Document Number)
L/C:信用证(Letter of Credit)
D/A:承兑交单(Document Against Acceptance)
D/P:付款交单(Document Against Payment)
S/C:售货合同(Sales Contract)
SC:服务合同(Service Contract)
TVC/TVR:定期定量合同(Time Volume Contract/Rate)
贸易条款与交货方式
EXW:工厂交货(Ex Works)
FAS:装运港船边交货(Free Alongside Ship)
FOB:船上交货(Free On Board)
C&F / CFR:成本加海运费(Cost and Freight)
CIF:成本、保险加海运费(Cost, Insurance, Freight)
CPT:运费付至目的地(Carriage Paid To)
CIP:运费、保险费付至目的地(Carriage and Insurance Paid To)
DAF:边境交货(Delivered At Frontier)
DES:目的港船上交货(Delivered Ex Ship)
DEQ:目的港码头交货(Delivered Ex Quay)
DDU:未完税交货(Delivered Duty Unpaid)
DDP:完税后交货(Delivered Duty Paid)
FCA:货交承运人(Free Carrier)
集装箱与货物交接模式
FCL:整柜(Full Container Load)
LCL:拼柜(Less Than Container Load)
CY:货柜场(Container Yard)
CFS:散货仓库(Container Freight Station)
CY/CY:整柜交货(起点/终点)
CFS/CFS:散装交货(起点/终点)
CTNR:柜子(Container)
TEU:20尺标准柜(Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit)
FEU:40尺标准柜(Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit)
FAK:各种货品费率(Freight All Kind)
COMM:商品(Commodity)
费用构成与附加费
O/F:海运费(Ocean Freight)
B/R:买价(Buying Rate)
S/R:卖价(Selling Rate)
P.P:预付(Prepaid)
C.C:运费到付(Collect)
BAF:燃油附加费(Bunker Adjustment Factor)
FAF:燃料附加费(Fuel Adjustment Factor)
CAF:货币汇率附加费(Currency Adjustment Factor)
PSS:旺季附加费(Peak Season Surcharges)
PCS:港口拥挤附加费(Port Congestion Surcharge)
GRI:全面涨价(General Rate Increase)
IA:个别调价(Independent Action)
EPS:设备位置附加费(Equipment Position Surcharges)
YAS:码头附加费(Yard Surcharges)
THC:码头操作费(Terminal Handling Charges,香港收取)
T.O.C:码头操作费(Terminal Operations Option)
T.R.C:码头收柜费(Terminal Receiving Charge)
ORC:本地收货费用(Origin Receive Charges,广东省收取)
DDC:目的港码头费(Destination Delivery Charge)
C.S.C:货柜服务费(Container Service Charge)
H/C:代理费(Handling Charge)
ANER:亚洲北美东行运费协定(Asia North America Eastbound Rate)
计费单位与重量体积
W/M:按重量或尺码吨从高收费(Weight or Measurement Ton)
W/T:重量吨(Weight Ton)
M/T:尺码吨(Measurement Ton)
参与方与角色
S/(Shpr):发货人(Shipper)
C/(CNEE):收货人(Consignee)
N/F:通知人(Notify)
CHB:报关行(Customs House Broker)
F/F:货运代理(Freight Forwarder)
NVOCC:无船承运人(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier)
VOCC:船公司(Vessel Operating Common Carrier)
SSL:船公司(Steam Ship Line)
FMC:联邦海事委员会(Federal Maritime Commission)
OP:操作(Operation)
I/S:内销售(Inside Sales)
航线与运输节点
POL:装运港(Port Of Loading)
POD:目的港(Port Of Destination)
T/T:航程(Transit Time)
T/S:转船、转运(Trans-Ship)
OCP:货主自行安排运到内陆点(Overland Continental Point)
Land Bridge:陆桥
MLB:小陆桥(Mini Land Bridge)
Mother Vessel:主线船
Feeder Vessel/Lighter:驳船航次

