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云南，不止是一个名词，
更是永不厌倦的风景~
云南位于中国西南部，
与缅甸、老挝、越南接壤。
昆明是云南的省会，四季温暖如春，
故称为“春城”。
在云南，
闲看花开花落、慢观云卷云舒~~
在老舍笔下 “喜洲镇却是个奇迹。
我想不起，在国内什么偏僻的地方见过这么体面的市镇。进到镇里，仿佛是到了英国的剑桥，街旁到处流着活水；一出门便可以洗菜洗衣，而污浊立刻随流而逝。
像王宫似的深宅大院，都是雕梁画栋。
有许多祠堂，也都是金碧辉煌。
不到一里，便是洱海， 不到五六里便是高山。
山水之间有这样一座市镇，真是世外桃源啊！”
喜洲，
西枕苍山，东临洱海，
是大理文化的发源地之一。
Xizhou,
Cangshan in the west, Erhai in the east,
It is noted as one of the cradles of Dali’s culture.
图片来源于：小红书app
喜洲古名为“大厘”，又称为“史城”。
在大理，喜洲称得上是白族千年的缩影。
在各个历史时期，喜洲都具有其重要的代表性。
The ancient name of Xi Zhou is "Dali", also known as "Shi city". In Dali, Xizhou is the epitome of bai nationality for thousands of years. In each historical period, Xizhou has its important representative.
秦汉时期，喜洲就是当时大理人居住的重要城镇 。
唐代，南诏王将喜洲作为南诏别都，
其间还先后两次把国都迁到喜洲。
During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Xizhou was an important town where Dali people lived. During the Tang Dynasty, The King of Nanzhao took Xizhou as the other capital of Nanzhao and moved the capital to Xizhou twice.
明、清时期, 喜洲文化全面勃兴，工商业迅速崛起。
在明代喜洲就出现了 “理学名儒，项背相望” 的局面, 涌现出一大批诗书世家。
而在工商业方面，初步形成了喜洲商帮，出现了德兴号、 顺兴号、庆顺号等著名商号，以喜洲人为主的“河赕贾客”，就远赴印度、缅甸等国经商。
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Xizhou culture and commerce rose rapidly. In the Ming Dynasty, a large number of poetry and calligraphy families appeared in Xizhou. In terms of industry and commerce, xizhou business gang was initially formed, and famous companies such as Dexing, Shunxing and Qingshun appeared. Xizhou people, mainly, went to India, Myanmar and other countries to do business.
图片来源于：小红书app
喜洲白族民居以土木结构的 “三坊一照壁” “四合五天井” “走马转角楼” “六合同春” 等为建筑风格。高低错落，布局合理，青瓦白墙，雕梁画栋充满了传统的书香气息和浓郁的民族特色。
The architectural styles of the bai folk houses in Xizhou are "three lanes and one wall", "four courtyards and five courtyards", "walking horses and turning turrets" and "six contracts and spring". High and low strewn at random, reasonable layout, green tile white walls, carved beams and huadong full of traditional scholarly atmosphere and strong ethnic characteristics.
据统计，目前，喜洲建筑群共有民居15000多幢，其中“三坊一照壁” “四合五天井”标准民居院落达150多院，百年以上古屋1500多幢。
According to statistics, at present, xizhou complex has a total of more than 15,000 residential buildings, including more than 150 standard residential courtyards of "three lanes and one wall" and "four courtyards and five courtyards", and more than 1,500 ancient houses of more than 100 years.
图片来源于：小红书app
其中明代的张若畴民居，清代的杨源大院、赵廷俊大院、张仕程大院，民国时期的严子珍大院、董澄农大院、杨品相大院、尹隆举大院等非常值得游览。
Among them, the Ming Dynasty Zhangruochou dwellings, the Qing Dynasty Yangyuan courtyard, Zhao Tingjun courtyard, Zhang Shicheng courtyard, the Republic of China yan Zizhen courtyard, Dong Cheng agricultural courtyard, Yang Pinxiang courtyard, Yin Longju courtyard is very worth visiting.
严家大院
Yan Mansion
严家是喜洲望族，于清光绪年间开设“永昌祥”商号，经营70余年，在海内外设有大小分号70余处，是清末民国时期云南首屈一指的工商企业大户。建有无数房屋，其中最为著名的是严子珍先生盖的“严家大院”。
The Yan Manion was a prominent family in Xizhou. It was the founder of the Yongchangxiang Firm during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty and operated it for more than 70 years. They set up more than 70 branches at home and abroad and were the leading industrial and commercial enterprises in Yunnan during the late Qing Dynasty . There are numerous houses, among which the most famous is the Yan manion built by Mr. Yan Zizhen.
它始建于清末, 竣工于民国初年，已近90载。该宅 “一进四院” 院院相连，紧紧相扣，互相贯通，错落有致。该院落保存完整，是典型的白族传统民居，集中了喜洲白族民居的各种特点。
It was built in the late Qing Dynasty and completed in the early Republic of China. It has been nearly 90 years. The Yan Mansion has four courtyards stretching out from north to south. It is a typical Bai folk architecture, but also incorporates some elements of the Western architectural style. Yan Manion concentrates various characteristics of the Bai nationality residence of Xi Zhou.
董家大院
Dong Mansion
图片来源于：网络
座落于喜洲市坪街的董家大院，建于本世纪四十年代初，是古镇喜洲白族民居中的精品，无论是布局、结构、艺术装璜，都是传统民居中炉火纯青的艺术品之一。问世近60年，尚如初建。该院背后还有一栋建筑稍晚的法式小洋楼，精巧别致，由于抗战时期蒋经国、宋希濂、马崇禄等名人住过，故也成为“将军府”
Dong Mansion, located in Ping Street, Xizhou City, was built in the early 1940s. It is one of the masterpieces of bai folk houses in xizhou ancient town. In terms of layout, structure and artistic decoration, it is one of the masterpieces of traditional folk houses. There is also a French building behind the hospital later, exquisite and chic, because during the Anti-Japanese War, Jiang Jingguo, Song Xi lian, Ma Chonglu and other celebrities lived, so it is also known as the General Mansion
杨品相宅
Yang Mansion
图片来源于：小红书app
该宅座落于喜洲街附近的城北村。比起严家、董家大院来，显得小巧玲，却很精美典雅，尤其彩绘、透雕更是白族民居中的精品，是民国后期喜洲白族民居的代表作之一。宅院为一进两院的“六合同春”建筑格式，但不同的是只有五方房子，比标准少一方。而且除西方主房是“五凤楼”外，其余四方均为标准的三间六格房子。
The house is located in chengbei Village near Xizhou Street. Compared with the Yan Mansion and Dong Mansion, it looked small. Especially, the color painting and carving are the fine works of bai folk houses, which are one of the representative works of Xizhou Bai folk houses. The Yang Mansion has tow courtyards of the Liuhetongchun architectural format. There are houses in all six places. but the difference is that there are only five houses, less than the standard one.
周城
Zhoucheng Village
图片来源于：网络
喜洲北约7公里便是周城，周城不是城，也不是镇，是最大的白族村落。位于苍山云弄峰下蝴蝶泉边，被誉为中国白族第一村的历史文化名村。人们都把周城称为是白族民俗的博物馆，把周城的民俗称作白族民风民俗的 “活化石”。周城村内各种文物古迹众多，如建于唐代的 “银相寺” “龙泉寺”，建于明末清初的“古戏台”等。其中，尤以“古戏台“ 和 “银相寺”最具特色。
About 7 kilometers to the north of Xizhou is Zhoucheng, which is neither a city nor a town. It is the largest Bai village. Located at the edge of Butterfly Spring under the Yunnong Peak of Cangshan Mountain, it is known as the first village of Bai nationality in China. People call Zhoucheng the museum of Bai folk customs, and the folk customs of Zhoucheng are called the living fossil of Bai folk customs. There are many cultural relics and historic sites in Zhoucheng village, such as Yinxiang Temple and Longquan Temple built in the Tang Dynasty, and ancient stage built in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Among them, ancient stage and Silver phase temple are the most characteristic.
图片来源于：网络
喜洲共有四座古戏台，唯有周城古戏台被保留下来。古戏台坐东朝南，为亭阁式的土木结构，飞角架斗，雕梁画栋, 十分典雅。
Xizhou has a total of four ancient stage, only zhoucheng ancient stage has been preserved. The ancient stage is facing south, with a civil structure of pavilion type, flying Angle frame bucket and carved beam painting, which is very elegant.
图片来源于：小红书app
周城的另一大特色便是扎染，周城的扎染名扬中外，也被称为“扎染之乡”。周城的扎染工艺历史悠久, 始于明末清初，距今已有300多年历史，是周城重要传统产业。
Another feature of Zhoucheng is tie-dye, which is famous both at home and abroad. The tie-dye craft of Zhoucheng has a long history, dating back to the late Ming dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty. It has a history of more than 300 years and is an important traditional industry in Zhoucheng.
图片来源于：小红书app
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上期答案：沙溪古镇的寺登街，被称为是茶马古道上唯一幸存的集市。
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往期回顾
沙溪丨一半田野茶事,一半千年 “敦煌”
