巴基斯坦加大农业投资，扩大果蔬出口，寻求中方农业技术合作 | 今日资讯

1.巴基斯坦加大农业投资，扩大果蔬出口，寻求中方农业技术合作
Pakistan ramps up agriculture investment to boost horticulture exports, seeks Chinese tech cooperation

巴基斯坦联邦食品与农业部发布国家园艺产业发展规划，计划投入资金完善果蔬冷链仓储、分选加工设施，打通从农场到出口港口的供应链。巴基斯坦盛产芒果、柑橘、石榴等特色果蔬，但长期受制于落后保鲜加工技术，大量鲜果在运输途中损耗，出口规模受限。巴方希望引进中国成熟的果蔬保鲜、农产品深加工、温室种植技术，邀请中国农业企业赴巴投资建设水果加工产业园。巴政府将为入园农业项目提供土地优惠、税收减免，优先办理水电配套。同时巴基斯坦希望扩大对华生鲜果蔬出口，借助中国市场消化产能。对于中国投资者，巴农业领域机遇集中在农产品加工、冷链装备供应、果园现代化改造；风险方面需要关注当地水利条件、农产品收购价格波动以及出口检验检疫政策变动。
Pakistan's Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture released a national horticulture industry development plan. It plans to invest funds to improve cold-chain warehousing, sorting and processing facilities for fruits and vegetables, and smooth the supply chain from farms to export ports. Pakistan is rich in mangoes, citrus, pomegranates and other specialty fruits and vegetables. However, outdated preservation and processing technology has long caused heavy losses of fresh fruits during transportation and limited export volume. Pakistan hopes to introduce mature Chinese technologies for fruit and vegetable preservation, deep agricultural product processing and greenhouse farming. It invites Chinese agricultural enterprises to invest in fruit processing industrial parks in Pakistan. The Pakistani government will offer land discounts, tax exemptions and priority access to water and power utilities for agricultural projects settled in parks. Meanwhile, Pakistan intends to expand exports of fresh fruits and vegetables to China and absorb production capacity via the Chinese market. For Chinese investors, opportunities in Pakistan's agriculture sector focus on agricultural product processing, cold chain equipment supply and orchard modernization. Risks include local water conditions, volatility of agricultural purchasing prices and changes in export inspection and quarantine policies.

2.巴基斯坦上调部分化工、轻工品类进口关税，抬升进口成本
FBR revises import duties on selected industrial and consumer goods

巴基斯坦联邦税务局 FBR 近期发布关税修订通知，针对部分化工原料、塑料半成品、日用轻工产品上调进口关税税率，目的保护本土制造业，鼓励本地生产替代进口商品。本次关税调整覆盖基础染料、塑料粒子、一次性餐具、包装耗材等品类，不少商品进口税率上调 3 至 8 个百分点。巴政府表示，长期大量进口同类轻工产品消耗大量外汇，本土工厂具备产能潜力，调高关税可以倒逼进口需求转向本土制造。对于中国出口商而言，相关品类出口巴基斯坦的报关成本上升，报价竞争力会受到一定冲击。外贸企业需要重新核算成本，评估定价，也可考虑和巴基斯坦本地厂商探讨合资生产模式规避关税影响。本次关税调整即时生效，适用于所有抵达巴基斯坦港口的对应进口货物。
Pakistan's Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) recently issued a tariff revision notice, raising import duty rates on selected chemical raw materials, semi-finished plastic products and daily light industrial goods. The policy aims to protect local manufacturing and encourage domestic production to substitute imported goods. The tariff adjustment covers basic dyes, plastic pellets, disposable tableware, packaging consumables and other categories, with import tax rates for many products increased by 3 to 8 percentage points. The Pakistani government stated that massive long-term imports of similar light industrial goods consume substantial foreign exchange, while local factories have production potential. Higher tariffs will push import demand toward domestic manufacturing. For Chinese exporters, customs clearance costs for relevant categories exported to Pakistan rise, hurting quotation competitiveness. Foreign trade enterprises need to recalculate costs and evaluate pricing. They may also explore joint production with Pakistani local manufacturers to mitigate tariff impacts. This tariff revision takes effect immediately and applies to all corresponding imported goods arriving at Pakistani ports.

3.巴基斯坦 IT 服务出口创下历史新高，2026 财年达到 46 亿美元
Pakistan's IT exports hit record $4.6bn in FY2026

巴基斯坦去年最有价值的出口产品，从未经过港口。它不需要装入集装箱，不用办理海关清关，也不需要在卡拉奇码头等待靠泊。它以光的速度通过光纤电缆传输，以美元计价，当多伦多、柏林、迪拜的客户点击确认发票的那一刻，收入就已经离开巴基斯坦。长久以来，巴基斯坦的出口都需要实体货物：运往工厂的棉花、销往市场的大米、货架上即将变质的芒果。每一批货物在产生收益前都会产生成本：采购原材料、预定货运，供应链极易受天气、战争、航道封锁的影响。上个财年，巴基斯坦悄然构建起一套全新出口经济模式，完全不需要上述实体条件。这套经济依靠人才，不需要等待船舶运输。2025‑26 财年，软件公司、业务流程外包企业、出口服务商以及自由职业者合计为巴基斯坦创造 46 亿美元 IT 及 IT 赋能服务出口额，创下历史最高纪录，相比上一年的 38 亿美元增长 20.6%。仅 6 月单月就实现 4.16 亿美元出口，同比上涨近 23%。这不是预测数据，是巴基斯坦本土已经实实在在赚到的外汇。和本国其他出口品类最大区别在于，该行业几乎不需要先行采购原材料。该行业贸易顺差高达 85%，也就是说，它不需要进口矿石、棉花等大宗商品原材料就可以创造外汇。开发人员编写代码，设计师交付品牌方案，顾问为从未谋面的客户解决问题。价值在本土创造、留存，并且持续增值，因为创造价值的人才仍留在国内持续工作、持续提升自身能力。这是一种不同于领土概念的经济主权，建立在人才之上，并不完全依赖地下矿产资源，而是依托坐在键盘前的本土从业者。这一切并非偶然。巴基斯坦总理夏巴兹·谢里夫将科技出口列为国家优先事项，主持高层评审会议清除行业瓶颈，设定 2030 年数字经济规模达到 250 亿美元的目标。信息技术与电信部部长沙扎·法蒂玛·卡瓦贾将国家战略转化为企业可落地的政策：将 0.25% 最终税收制度延期至 2029 年，出口商外汇留存比例提升至 50%，简化出口商与自由职业者跨境支付流程，同时出台新激励政策吸引人工智能基础设施投资。政府同样布局软件服务之后的产业赛道。国家人工智能政策已经落地，计划到 2030 年投入 10 亿美元发展 AI 产业。全国光纤网络扩建以及 5G 部署正在夯实整个行业的数字基础设施；伊斯兰堡 IT 园区即将投用，软件科技园区也将进一步扩容。底层核心是对人才的投入：政府支持项目已经完成超过 100 万人次的高级数字技能培训，为数字经济输送技术人才。巴基斯坦软件出口委员会（PSEB）的项目也在持续搭建人才梯队。2026 年 2 月，联合 IBM、华为、谷歌等全球合作伙伴开展全国人工智能训练营，超过 2000 名学生参与。全新的国家半导体人才项目运行仅一年，已有 475 名工科研究生报名，目标培养 7200 名专业人才，而巴基斯坦才刚刚开启半导体产业布局。通过“巴基斯坦科技目的地”项目，PSEB 把本土人才推向全球大型科技平台，打开巴基斯坦企业刚刚开始接触的海外市场。没有港口可以运输一行代码，也不需要港口。拉合尔签署的每一份合同，费萨拉巴德达成的每一笔交易，每一笔无需进口原料就赚取的美元，都证明巴基斯坦经济不再必须依靠海洋才能走向世界。建国 79 年，巴基斯坦科技行业不再渴求外界关注，它已经实实在在收获回报。
Pakistan's most valuable export last year never touched a port. It didn't sit in a shipping container, clear a customs desk, or wait on a berth in Karachi. It moved as light through fibre‑optic cable, priced in dollars, and it left the country the instant someone in Toronto, Berlin, or Dubai hit"accept"on an invoice.For as long as Pakistan has been trading with the world, its exports have needed something physical to move: cotton bound for a mill, rice bound for a market, mangoes bound for a shelf before they spoil. Each shipment carried a cost before it earned a cent raw material sourced, freight booked, a supply chain vulnerable to weather, war, or a blocked strait. This past fiscal year, Pakistan quietly built a second export economy that runs on none of that. It runs on people, and it doesn't wait for a ship.In FY2025‑26, software houses, BPOs, export companies, and independent freelancers together earned Pakistan US$4.6 billion in IT and IT‑enabled services exports the largest figure the sector has ever posted, up 20.6 percent from US$3.8 billion the year before. June alone brought in US$416 million, nearly 23 percent higher than the same month a year earlier. Nothing here is a forecast. It is money already earned, by Pakistanis, from Pakistani soil.What sets it apart from almost every other line in the country's export ledger is what it didn't need to buy first. The sector runs an 85 percent trade surplus, meaning it generates foreign exchange without importing the raw material to produce it no ore, no cotton, no commodity priced somewhere else. A developer writes code. A designer delivers a brand. A consultant solves a problem for a client she has never met in person. The value is created here, stays here, and compounds, because the person who earned it is still here still working, still improving, still the asset.That is a different kind of sovereignty than the one measured in territory. It's built on people rather than resources, and it doesn't depend on what lies beneath Pakistani soil so much as who is sitting at a keyboard on top of it.None of this happened by accident. Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif made technology exports a national priority, chairing high‑level reviews that cleared bottlenecks and setting a target of a US$25 billion digital economy by 2030. Federal Minister Shaza Fatima Khawaja, at the Ministry of IT and Telecommunication, turned that priority into terms businesses could actually work with: the 0.25 percent final tax regime extended to 2029, foreign currency retention raised to 50 percent, and easier cross‑border payments for exporters and freelancers alike, alongside fresh incentives pulling investment into AI infrastructure.The government has also placed a bet on what comes after software services. A National AI Policy is now in place, backed by a planned US$1 billion investment in AI by 2030. Nationwide fibre expansion and a 5G rollout are strengthening the digital backbone the whole sector depends on, and the Islamabad IT Park is set to open soon alongside a wider expansion of software technology parks. Underneath all of it is a simple bet on people: government‑supported programs have now delivered over 1 million trainings across advanced digital disciplines, feeding skilled talent into an economy built to run on it.PSEB's own programs are building that pipeline in real time. A two‑day national AI training bootcamp reached over 2,000 students in February 2026, delivered with global partners including IBM, Huawei, and Google. A new national semiconductor workforce program barely a year old has already enrolled 475 graduate engineers on the way to a target of 7,200 professionals, for an industry Pakistan has only just begun to enter. And through Tech Destination Pakistan, PSEB has been carrying that talent to the world's largest technology platforms, opening doors in markets Pakistani companies are only starting to reach.There is no port that can move a line of code, and there doesn't need to be one. Every contract signed from Lahore, every deal closed from Faisalabad, every dollar earned without a single import behind it, is proof of an economy that no longer needs the sea to reach the world. Seventy‑nine years in, Pakistan's technology sector isn't asking to be noticed anymore. It has already been paid.