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2026 年 9 月，哈萨克斯坦国民经济部反垄断保护委员会发布第 114-OD 号命令，修订哈萨克斯坦国家铁路公司（KTZ）2026-2030 年干线铁路网受监管服务关税。新关税自 9 月 21 日起生效，2026-2027 年较原水平上调 24%，2028 年起每年指数化增长 3%。
这是继 2025 年 11 月第 105-OD 号命令后，不到一年内的再次重大调整，标志着哈国铁路关税政策进入活跃调整期。针对中欧班列客户关心的运费上涨及订单报价问题，需明确本次政策的适用范围。
一、本次上调与中欧班列基本无关
本次命令仅针对车皮（整车）货物运输。依据哈国《自然垄断法》及《关税形成规则》，集装箱运输、空箱运输及过境运输均不属于干线铁路网受监管服务范围。
（注：车皮运输指货物直接装入车厢按重量计费，适用于煤炭、矿石等大宗散货；集装箱运输指货物装箱后整箱上平车按箱计费，两者价格体系独立。）
中欧班列采用集装箱过境运输模式，其运价由国际铁路运营商市场化制定，并受《国际铁路过境运价表》等国际协定约束。因此，本次关税调整对中欧班列集装箱过境业务无直接影响，运费不会因此上涨。
此次涨幅主要由哈国国内及进出口方向的车皮货主承担。以铁矿石、矿井煤等为例，2026-2030 年费率累计上涨约 15.7%，运输成本将显著增加。
二、值得关注的三个要点
第一，哈境内车皮接驳段。若班列货物在哈国边境站（多斯特克、阿腾科里）至内陆站间通过车皮转运，或集货后换装集装箱，该国内段车皮运输可能适用新关税，涉及此类区段的产品需重新核算成本。
第二，KTZ 运营成本传导。关税上调虽有利于改善 KTZ 财务状况及长期基础设施升级，但短期内调车、装卸、仓储等服务费用可能存在联动调整风险。
第三，中亚货源结构变化。哈国大宗货物运输成本上升可能削弱其出口竞争力，进而改变中亚方向货源结构，影响班列货量。部分本地货主或转向公路运输，增加货源流向的不确定性。
三、大洋物流应对建议
核心提示如下：
● 纯集装箱过境产品运价不受此次关税调整影响；
● 涉及哈境内车皮接驳的产品，可能需按新关税重新核算报价；
● 独联体方向的车皮运输不受 24% 上调幅度影响。
大洋物流以中欧班列为核心，业务覆盖中国至欧洲、俄罗斯、中亚、东南亚及高加索区域的往返国际班列运输，并提供卡车航班、海铁联运、海运、空运、跨境电商物流、工程物流及供应链管理等综合服务。依托海外自有运营团队，实现从关务、提柜、海外仓到末端派送的全链路可视化与敏捷响应。
如需专业解读，欢迎联系专属业务顾问。我们将持续关注政策动态，为您提供最新资讯。
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In September 2026, the Anti-Monopoly Protection Committee of Kazakhstan's Ministry of National Economy issued Order No. 114-OD, revising regulated service tariffs for the trunk railway network of Kazakhstan Temir Zholy (KTZ) for 2026 to 2030. The new tariffs take effect on 21 September, with a 24% increase for 2026-2027 and an annual 3% indexation starting in 2028.
This marks another major revision within a year of Order No.105-OD (November 2025), signaling an active adjustment phase for Kazakhstan's railway tariffs. Concerns regarding freight rates and order validity for China Railway Express clients are addressed below.
01 Summary: This Rise Is Almost Irrelevant to the China Railway Express
This order applies solely to wagon-load cargo transportation. Under Kazakhstan's Law on Natural Monopolies and Tariff Formation Rules, container cargo transport, empty container transport, and transit transport are excluded from regulated services on the trunk railway network.
The China Railway Express utilizes container transit transport. Rates for this segment are set separately by international railway operators on a market basis and governed by agreements like the International Railway Transit Tariff Schedule. Therefore, this tariff adjustment has no direct impact on container transit services of the China Railway Express, and freight rates will not increase.
The 24% increase will mainly be borne by domestic and import/export wagon-load shippers in Kazakhstan. For key cargoes such as iron ore and mine coal, rates will see a cumulative rise of approximately 15.7% over 2026-2030, leading to a notable increase in transport costs.
02 Three Other Points Worth Noting
First, wagon transhipment within Kazakhstan. If cargo from the railway express is transferred from border stations (Dostyk, Altynkol) to inland stations by wagon, or consolidated and reloaded into containers, such domestic wagon transport segments may fall under the new tariffs. Products involving these sections will require cost recalculation.
Second, transmission of KTZ's operating costs. While the tariff increase improves KTZ's financial position and boosts long-term investment capacity, fees for shunting, loading/unloading, warehousing, and other related services may be adjusted in the short term.
Third, shifts in Central Asia cargo mix. Higher transport costs for Kazakhstan's bulk commodities may weaken export competitiveness, altering the cargo mix for Central Asia routes and affecting railway express volumes. Local shippers may switch to road transport, adding uncertainty to cargo flows.
03 Recommendations from Neptune Logistics
Key reminders:
- Rates for pure container transit services remain unaffected;
- Products involving wagon transhipment within Kazakhstan may require re-quotation;
- Wagon transport for CIS routes is not subject to the 24% increase.
Neptune Logistics specializes in China Railway Express services covering Europe, Russia, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Caucasus, complemented by truck flights, sea-rail intermodal, air freight, and comprehensive supply chain solutions. With overseas operational teams, we ensure end-to-end visibility and agile response.
Please contact your dedicated account manager for professional interpretation. We will continue to monitor policy developments and provide timely updates.
深圳市大洋物流股份有限公司（简称“大洋物流集团”），致力于为客户提供安全高效、具有竞争力的"端到端”综合物流解决方案。作为国际多式联运专家和"一带一路”倡议践行者，我们深耕欧亚市场二十多年，以中欧班列为核心业务，并提供覆盖卡车航班、海铁联运、空运、工程项目、仓储、清关、供应链管理等进出口物流服务。服务网络覆盖深圳、广州、上海、天津、西安、成都、塔什干、阿拉木图、新加坡、莫斯科、杜伊斯堡等国内外 400 多个城市。欲了解更多信息，请访问 www.nep-logistics.com。
内容出品：大洋企划中心
文字/排版：鹤无薇
审核/校对：李晨光