一般企业出口时，在装柜过程中主要担心的是货物数据错误、货物损坏和数据与报关数据不符合，从而导致海关不会放行。
Generally speaking, when enterprises are exporting goods, they are concerned about cargo data errors, goods damage, and inconsistent customs data, which lead to the consequence that customs do not allow to release the goods.
混装注意事项
Mixed-packing notice
1．不同形状、不同包装的货物尽可能不要装在一起；
Do not ship the goods of different shapes and with various packing together;
2．从包装中会渗出灰尘、液体、潮气、臭气等的货物，尽可能不要与其他货物放在一起；或者必须用帆布、塑料薄膜或其他材料隔开；
Products which may speed dust, liquid, damp and stink, should not be directly shipped with other goods, or they must be separated by canvas, plastic films or other kinds of materials;
3．重量轻的货物放在重量相对较重的货物上面；
The light weight goods should be placed on the heavier ones;
4．包装强度弱的货物要放在包装强度强的货物上面；
Goods with lower packaging strength should be placed on the ones with higher packaging strength;
集装箱装货技巧
Skills of container loading
集装箱货物的现场装箱作业通常有三种方法：即全部用人力装箱、用叉式装卸车（铲车）搬进箱内，再用人力堆装和全部用机械装箱，如货板（托盘）货用叉式装卸车在箱内堆装。
There are generally 3 kinds of methods for container loading: packing by manpower, loading by fork-trucks then packing by manpower or machines including pallet fork-trucks for goods.
1.任何情况下货物装柜时，箱内所装货物重量不能超过集装箱的最大装载量，即集装箱总量减去集装箱的自重所得。一般情况下，总重和自重都会标在集装箱的箱门上。
In any case, when the goods are being loaded, the weight of them can not exceed container maximum payload, which means the weight of goods without containers. Normally, total weight and weight of goods only are marked on the containers.
2.每个集装箱的单位容重是一定的，因此在箱内装载同种货物时，只要知道货物密度，就可以断定出是重货还是轻货。如果货物密度大于箱的单位容重就是重货，反之则为轻货。及时并明确区分这两种不同的情况，对提高装箱效率很重要。
The unit capacity of each container is under the same standard, so if the same kind of goods is packed in containers, it can be judged they are heavy or light cargoes as long as their density is known. if cargo density is higher than container unit capacity, the goods are of high weight; or if it is lower than the capacity, the goods are the light ones. It is important for improving loading efficiency to differ those two kinds of situation in time.
3.装载时要使箱底上的负荷平衡，特别要严格禁止负荷重心偏在一端的情况。
Pay attention to the load balance. The situation of gravity imbalance should be banned.
4.避免产生集中载荷。如在装载机械设备等重货时，箱底应铺上木板等衬垫材料，尽量分散其负荷。标准集装箱底面平均单位面积的安全负荷大致是：20英尺集装箱为1330x9.8N/m，40英尺集装箱为980x9.8N/m2。
Concentrated load ought to be avoided. When heavy goods such as machinery are being loaded, the bottom of containers should be covered with planks or other sort of gasket materials in order to distribute the load.
5.使用人力装货时要注意包装上有无“不可倒置”、“平放”、“竖放”等装卸指示标志。务必正确使用装货工具，捆包货禁止使用手钩。
If the goods are loaded by manpower, the package should be marked with “non-reversible”, “lay flat”, “keep upright” and other signs. It must be ensured that loading tools are used in a proper way and baled cargoes must not be loaded by hand hooks.
6.装载货板货时，要确切掌握集装箱内部尺寸和货物包装的外部尺寸，以便计算装载件数，以达到尽量减少弃位、多装货物的目的。
When the goods with pallets are being loaded, you should exactly know the inner size of the containers as well as the external sizes of the package for a better way to calculate the number of containers with goods. By doing those, more goods can be loaded in limited space.
最后，货物最好不要裸装，最起码要有包装，不要一味的为节省空间而导致货物受损。一般的货物也都会有包装，只有比如大件的机器如锅炉、建材之类的会比较麻烦，必须要捆扎、绑紧以防止松动。其实只要仔细认真，也不会出太大的问题。
Last but not least, goods should not be shipped without packing. You had better not do that to save room which will lead to good damage. Goods are with package in general. Large-sized machines including boilers and building materials must be bundled up and tied up. In face, there won’t be any problems as long as you pay attention to those issues.
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