第一部分：前言
152. congratulate /kən'grætjʊleɪt/ v. 祝贺，向…道喜
【拓展】
(1)congratulate sb. on/upon (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on sth. 为某事庆幸/感到自豪
(2) congratulation n．祝贺；祝贺词(常用复数)
offer/send one's congratulations to sb.(on sth.)(为某事)向某人表示祝贺
express/accept one's congratulations表示/接受某人的祝贺
【例句】
①You should congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。
②We offered our congratulations to Mr.Wang on his success in business.我们祝贺王先生生意兴隆。
【辨析】
congratulate, celebrate
这两个词都有“庆贺”的意思。其区别在于: congratulate指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示祝贺，其宾语是人，表示就某事祝贺某人时，常与介词on搭配。celebrate通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面，宾语为事件。
【串记】
Their son was admitted to Beijing University. They held a party to celebrate it. At the party, their friends congratulated them on their son's success. Those who didn't come telephoned to send their congratulations to them. 他们的儿子被北京大学录取了。他们举行了一个聚会来庆祝它。在聚会上，他们的朋友祝贺他们儿子的成功。那些没来的人打电话来向他们表示祝贺。
153. connect /kə'nekt/ vt. 连接/结；联系；衔接；把…联系起来
【拓展】
(1) connect A and/to/with B 把A和B连接起来
connect A with B 把A和B联系起来
connect ... with/to ...把……和……联系/连接起来
(2)connected a. 连接的；有联系的
be connected with与……有联系/关系
(3)connection 连/联接；接头；联系(同link)
have connection with 与……有关系
in connection with 与……有关
【例句】
①A good student must connect what he reads with/to what he sees around him.好学生必须会把他在书本里读到的东西与他在周围所看到的事物联系起来。
②Health problems are connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. 健康问题与不良饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼有关。
③The police arrested the men in connection with a bank robbery.警察拘留了与一次银行抢劫案有牵连的那几个人。
【串记】
The flat is connected to another flat so the police connect the murder with another case. They conclude the death of the renter is connected with the disappearance of the landlord. 那套公寓与另一套公寓相连，所以警察把凶杀案与另一起案件联系起来。他们断定房客的死亡与房东的失踪有关。
154. consider /kən'sɪdə/ vt. 考虑；顾及；认为
【拓展】
(1)consider(考虑)＋从句 考虑……(doing sth. 考虑做某事)
(2)consider(认为)＋it＋adj./n. 认为……( 认为某人/某事……)
(3)consideration n． 考虑，体谅
take ...into consideration 考虑到……，顾及到……
under consideration 正在考虑之中
(4)considering prep. 考虑到；鉴于
considerate adj. 关切的；体谅的；体贴的
considerable adj. 相当多的；相当大的
【例句】
①I'm considering becoming a teacher after graduation because a teacher is often considered to be the engineer of human souls.我在考虑毕业后当老师，因为老师常被认为是人类灵魂的工程师。
②Everything taken into consideration, they trusted themselves more and returned to their positions.把一切考虑在内后，他们更相信自己并且回到了自己的职位上。
【串记】
The conductor is considered to be a great musician with considerable achievements. Besides, he is considerate and generous. He is considering giving away all his belongings to charity. 这位指挥家被认为是一位成就斐然的伟大音乐家。此外，他是体贴和慷慨的。他正在考虑把他所有的财产捐给慈善机构。
155. consist /kən'sɪst/ v. 组成，构成
【拓展】
consist in 在于，存在于
consist of由……组成；由……构成
consist with 与……一致，相吻合
consistent a. 始终如一的
be consistent with 与…一致/吻合
【例句】
①The true wealth does not consist in what we have, but in what we are.真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么,而在于我们的人格。
②His story was consistent with the facts．他的报道与事实相符。
【点津】
consist of一般不用于进行时，也不用于被动语态；其非谓语动词应用现在分词形式。它的同义短语有：be composed of和be made up of。
【串记】
Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrows while happiness and sorrows consist in struggle.生活主要由幸福和悲伤构成，而幸福和悲伤寓于奋斗之中。
156. consume /kən'sjuːm/ vt. 消耗/费，耗费
【拓展】
consume away毁掉,毁灭
be consumed with 为(某种思想)而不断受折磨
consumer n. 消费者
consumption n. 消耗/费，耗费
【例句】
We need to consume much less, which
means we need to produce much less. 我们需要消费的少许多，这意味着我们需要的生产少很多。
【串记】
Most consumers consume unwisely. They formed a consumer culture, thinking consumption contributes to production; the two form a circle. But consumption also causes pollution and exhaustion of resources. 大多数消费者消费不明智。他们形成了消费文化，认为消费有助于生产;这两个形成一个循环。但消费也会造成污染和资源的枯竭。
157. contact /'kɒntækt/ n. & v. 触碰，接触(同touch)；联系/络(同touch)
【拓展】
come into contact with ...与……接触；与……联系
get in(to) contact with 与……取得联系
have contact with 与…有联系/接触
lose contact with 与……失去联系
keep/be in contact with 与……保持联系
make contact with接触，与…联系
be out of contact with 与……没有联系
【例句】
①Though they all lived nearby, I soon lost contact with them.虽然他们都住在附近，但我很快就和他们失去联系了。
②Have you kept in contact with your classmates after graduation?你毕业后和同学们还保持联系吗？
③He got (in)to contact_with many wealthy people in raising money for the project.在为该项工程筹款的过程中他联系了许多有钱人。
【点津】
keep/be in contact with和be out of contact with表状态，可和时间段连用；而get in(to)/make contact with, lose contact with表示动作，不能和时间段连用。
contain /kən'teɪn/vt.包含；包括；容纳；忍住，抑制
【拓展】
contain one's anger/ feelings / grief 抑制(克制) 愤怒/感情/悲痛
contain oneself 克制自己
contain with 使(自己)抑制住
contain oneself with sth使(自己)抑制住
container n. 容器
【例句】
①The atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain.
这个地图集有40幅地图,其中包括3幅英国地图。
②She could scarcely contain herself with delight when she opened the parcel.
当她打开这个包裹的时候,她简直抑制不住自己兴奋的心情。
【点津】
contain是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。表示“所属”“构成”关系时,不能用于进行体,不能用于被动结构,也不可用过去分词作定语; 作“控制,抑制”解时,多用于否定句或疑问句,其后接介词for〔with〕+高兴〔气愤〕等名词。
【辨析】
contain, include
contain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物，装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内。include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.
158. content /kən'tent/ a. 满意/足的；使满足/意；n.主要内容
【拓展】
be content to do sth. 对做某事满意
be content with对…满意
contents n. 容纳物；目录
【例句】
①She is quite content to live at home with her parents.她十分满足于在家时和她父母同住。
②I am very content with my life at present．我对目前的生活心满意足。
【串记】
The critic is content with the contents and content of the new book. 评论家对这本新书的目录和内容满意。
159. continue /kən'tɪnjuː/ vi. 继/持/延续；link. v.保持
【拓展】
continue to do/doing sth. 继续做某事
to be continued未完，待续
continuous a. 连续的，持续的; 连绵不断的
continually ad. 不断地，频繁地
【例句】
①He continued reading in spite of the noise．尽管很吵闹，他还是阅读。
②The desert continues as far as the eye could reach沙漠向前延伸,一望无际。
【串记】
The assistant feel content to work with his master. He will continue to do so. He considers it is a continuous career. 这位助手对和他的主人一起工作感到满意。他将继续这样做。他认为这是一个持续的职业。
160. contrary /'kɒntrərɪ/ n.& a. 相反，反面；相反的
【拓展】
be contrary to 违反；与…相反
by contraries相反，出乎意料地
on the contrary正相反，反之
to the contrary相反的，有相反的意思
【例句】Many things in our lives go by contraries．我们生活中有许多事与愿违的情况。
趁热打铁
一、语法填空。
1. Only parents can give their children (condition) love., but they don’t feel it or cherish it.
2. A person who aims high won’t be content (earn) his living or support his family.
3. Who would you name as the greatest (conduct) of your time?
4. The manager finds it hard to deal with the complaints from the (consume).
5. You should turn your music down out of (consider) for your neighbour.
6. The folk songs have a close (connect) with the agricultural culture .
7. I want to express our heartfelt (congratulate) to you on your seventeenth birthday.
8. There is some (confuse) about the difference between architecture and design.
9. In the long jump, (compete) try to jump as far forward as possible.
10. I wonder who makes this decision and how they come to their (conclude).
二、单句改错。
1. One of the responsibilities of the government is to protect consumer’s rights.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Young children will usually compete with their mother's attention.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. By writing continuous, students can improve our writing ability in writing
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. My girlfriend received a secret letter form a complete stranger, making her confusing.
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. Not only must we be confidence of our own future, we must also be ready to cope with any sort of setbacks.
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. You should forget yourself complete, and lose yourself in what you do.
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. I am pleased to accept this award and plan to continue do all I can to support agriculture.
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. I have a stable job, a cheerful family, a caring wife and a bright son. I have nothing to complain.
_______________________________________________________________________________
9. What advantages do you have comparing to other applicants?
_______________________________________________________________________________
10. If you concentrate in the project, you can complete it ahead of time.
_______________________________________________________________________________
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. We (下结论) on the basis of experiments.
2. You can go swimming (条件是)you don't go too far from the river bank.
3. I hope you enjoy my engine and (联系)me if you have any good ideas or suggestions.
4. These actions (与…一致)his principles.
5. Happiness does not (在于) how many possessions you own!
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 不管发生什么，我们都应该对我们自己有信心。(have confidence in)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 一个人的成就与她的个性有密切关系。(be connected with)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 你的行为违反了当地的风俗。(be contrary to)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. 你不应满足于现有的东西。(be content with)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 和别人的经历相比，我真的很幸运。(compared to)
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
一、语法填空。
1. unconditional
2. to earn
3. conductor
4. consumers
5. consideration
6. connection
7. congratulations
8. confusion
9. competitors
10. conclusion
二、单句改错。
1. consumer’s→consumers’
2. with→for
3. continuous→continuously
4. confusing→confused
5. confidence→confident
6. complete→completely
7. do→doing或在do前面加to
8. 在complain 后面加of/about
9. comparing→compared
10. in→on
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. drew/draw this conclusion
2. on condition that
3. make contact with
4. are consistent with
5. consist in
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. No matter what happens, we should have confidence in ourselves.
2. One's achievements are closely connected with one's personality.
3. Your behavior/conduct is contrary to the local custom.
4. You shouldn’t be content with what you have.
5. Compared to what others have been through, I’m really fortunate.
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