2019年5月15日，美国白宫根据美国《国际紧急经济权力法》（IEEPA）发布了一项关于保障信息通信技术与服务供应链安全的行政命令。《国际紧急经济权力法》赋予总统宣布国家进入紧急状态的权力，以应对国家安全遭受到的威胁。特朗普最近发布的行政命令促使商务部协调其他监管机构，对特定国家和特定外国供应商提供的信息和电信产品及服务实施限制。美国商务部有150天的时间来制定一个监管框架和实施方案，并与其他政府部门商讨如何完善这一框架和方案。
这项命令涉及面广，虽然没有特别针对中国，但它的发布显然是出于美国对中国信息及电信行业发展的担忧。目前用于保障美国国家安全的贸易工具包括美国商务部工业与安全局（BIS）实体名单、美国财政部海外资产控制办公室（OFAC）特别指定国民名单（SDN List）等，除此之外，该行政命令还带来了一种可能，即在电信及信息领域建立更广泛的监管制度。如上文所述，商务部有150天的时间来公布它的计划和实施方案。
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EN
US President’s Executive Order on Securing the Information and Communication Technology and Service Supply Chain
On May 15, 2019, the White House issued an Executive Order on Securing the Information and Communication Technology and Service Supply Chain pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). The IEEPA allows the President to declare a national emergency in response to a threat to national security. Trump’s recent Executive Order allows the Department of Commerce in consultation with other regulatory agencies to impose restrictions on information and telecommunications products and services from certain countries and certain foreign providers. The Department of Commerce (DOC) has been given 150 days to provide a regulatory framework and implementation plan that is to be developed in consultation with the other branches of government.
This is a broad mandate. While not targeting China specifically, it clearly is driven by US concerns about the development of the Chinese information and telecommunication industry sectors. In addition to the current trade tools that are being used to secure US national security, such as the DOC Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) Entity List and the Department of Treasury (DOT) Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List (SDN List), the Executive Order opens the possibility of a more extensive regulatory regime for oversight in the telecommunications and information sectors. As noted, the DOC has 150 days to announce its plan and implementation scheme.
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