16 July
Process Need
“Necessity is the mother of invention.”
The first two possibilities for innovation are opportunity driven. But the third is anchored in the old proverb, “Necessity is the mother of invention.” Here need is the source of innovation. I call it process need. Everybody in the organization always knows that the process need exists. Yet usually no one does anything about it. However, when the innovation appears, it is immediately accepted as “obvious” and soon becomes “standard.”
Process innovation starts with the job to be done and requires the presence of five basic criteria: a self-contained process, a weak or missing link, a clear definition of the objectives, clearly defined specifications for the solution, and widespread realization that there ought to be a better way. Take for example, O. M. Scott and Company, a leader among American producers of lawn-care products. It gained its leadership position based upon a simple gadget called the spreader that users can set to evenly distribute proper quantities of lawn-care chemicals. Without such a tool there was an internal incongruity in the existing process and this incongruity frustrated consumers who were unable to evenly distribute chemicals. There are now many such spreaders.
7月16日
流程需要
“需要是发明之母。”
前两种创新机会是由机会驱动的，而第三种则源自那句古老的谚语：“需要是发明之母。”在这里，需要本身就是创新的来源。我把它称为“流程需要”。
组织中的每个人通常都知道，这种流程需要确实存在。然而，往往没有人采取行动。可是，一旦相应的创新出现，人们就会立刻认为它“显而易见”，并很快将其视为“标准做法”。
流程创新从待完成的工作出发，并需要具备五项基本条件：一个相对独立的流程；其中存在薄弱环节或缺失环节；目标得到清晰界定；解决方案的要求得到明确规定；以及人们普遍认识到，应当有一种更好的做法。
例如，美国草坪护理产品领先企业O. M. Scott公司，凭借一种名为“撒布器”的简单工具取得了领先地位。使用者可以通过调节这种工具，把适量的草坪护理化学品均匀撒布出去。在这种工具出现之前，现有流程中存在一种内部不协调：消费者无法均匀分配化学品，因此感到十分困扰。如今，市场上已经出现了许多此类撒布器。
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