🚨 政策信号先读
沙特人力资源与社会发展部（MHRSD）近期通过Qiwa 平台正式明确：[Elementary Occupations（基础工种）清单]共 77 个岗位，在 Qiwa 注册时月薪不得超过 SAR 10,000。
💡 注意：这是"注册上限"，不是"涨薪红线"。意思是——这 77 个岗如果你在 Qiwa 填薪资 > 10,000，系统不让过；但如果员工实际干的活已经超出"基础"范畴、薪资也高于阈值，那必须把职衔修正到对应 SSCO 分类，不能继续挂在 Elementary 里。
这套动作的背景大家应该不陌生：2025 年 6 月 MHRSD 启动工作许可技能分级系统升级，7 月 1 日起全员适用，存量外籍员工已由系统按"高技能 / 熟练技能 / 基础技能"三档自动贴标（HRSD 第 4602 号部长令）。基础档对应 SSCO 第 9 组"初级职业人员"，常规月薪区间是SAR 3,000–6,999；而这次单列出来的 77 岗 SAR 10,000 封顶，是针对 Elementary Occupations List 的特殊规定，比通用基础档宽松一点，但方向一致——基础体力岗锁价，倒逼企业把高薪岗转成技能/高技能分类，腾位置给 Saudization（沙特化）。
📋 77 个基础工种清单（归并版）
MHRSD 原文列了 77 个，覆盖服务、清洁、建筑、农业、运输、运营六大类。给企业做自查用，不用背，收藏这张表就行：
🏪 服务与零售类
停车 attendant、售货摊贩（Street Vendor）、流动服务工（Mobile Service Worker）、票务员、抄表员、传信员、搬运工（Porter）、messenger、食品准备助理
🧹 清洁与酒店类
街道清洁、公园清洁/园丁、办公楼与设施清洁、酒店客房、家庭清洁、泳池清洁、窗帘清洁、地毯清洁、洗衣/熨烫、火车/船舶/飞机/车辆清洗、水箱清洗、清真寺看护
🚧 建筑与工地类
普工（General Laborer）、拆除工、混凝土搅拌、建筑工、挖掘工、沥青工、道路养护、采石工、矿山工
🌾 农业与畜牧类
渔民/水产工、林场工、护林防火、放牧工、苗圃工、landscaping、种植/灌溉/收割/打包、禽畜农场、马厩工、孵化工、畜牧工、农业害虫防治
🚚 运输与仓储类
仓库工、理货员（Shelf Stocker）、装卸工、畜力车夫、送餐自行车骑手、手推车工、内部运输工
🏭 制造与运营类
车间工、分拣/贴标/包装工、生产助理、制造技术员、厨房工/洗碗工、标签工、墓园工、动物护理工、一般服务工、以及兜底的第 77 项"Elementary Worker"
⚠ 清单里"Construction Laborer"和"Construction Worker"同时出现、"General Laborer"和"Elementary Worker"并存——填 Qiwa 时职衔字面要对得上 SSCO 编码，不是差不多就行。
🎯 三个合规坑，踩一个都麻烦
坑 1:10,000 是封顶，不是门槛
这 77 岗在 Qiwa 注册薪资 ≤ 10,000 才让提交。但 MHRSD 原文 note 写得很清楚——如果员工实际薪资高于阈值、且职责需要更高技能等级，职衔必须改到对应分类。换句话说：人贵了、活高级了，就别继续挂"普工"，不然下次续签系统比对会卡。
坑 2：自动分类已生效，60 天不确认续签风险
存量员工系统已经自动贴标"高技能 / 熟练 / 基础"。登录 Qiwa 后台能看到，但别只看着就完事——要核岗位职责和实际薪资匹不匹配。比如一个"Workshop Worker"实际带徒弟、干技术活，薪资 SAR 12,000，还挂 Elementary 就危险。
坑 3:SAR 10,000 vs SAR 6,999 别混
通用基础技能级月薪区间是 3,000–6,999；这 77 岗是 Elementary Occupations List 单列，封顶放到 10,000。两个数字都是 MHRSD 出的，适用对象不同——77 清单内的走 10,000 封顶，清单外的 SSCO 第 9 组其他岗走 6,999。分类错了，薪资区间也对不上。
✅ 给在沙企业的三条动作
登 Qiwa 拉一遍存量：外籍员工→技能分级标签→对着 77 清单自查，职衔、薪资、实际职责三栏对齐。
超薪岗主动改职衔：薪资 > 10,000 且职责已脱离"基础"的，抓紧在 Qiwa 更正到 SSCO 4–8（熟练）或 1–3（高技能），对应薪资门槛 SAR 7,000 / SAR 15,000 那条线。
新派员工预审：国内总部报岗位名前，先对照 SSCO + 77 清单双表，避免到了利雅得才发现职衔落不了。
📌 政策出处：MHRSD via Qiwa Platform – Approved Salary Cap for Elementary Occupations: SAR 10,000；技能分级机制详见 HRSD 第 4602 号部长令及 2025 年 5 月 28 日更新版 Guidelines for Classification of Work Permits by Skill Categories。
Qiwa Platform Approved Salary Cap for Elementary Occupations
SAR 10,000
The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD) clarified that the Elementary Occupations List includes 77 occupations covering a range of jobs in the service, cleaning, construction, agriculture, transportation, and operational sectors that are classified as elementary worker occupations.
List of Elementary Occupations (77 Occupations)
1. Parking Attendant
2. General Laborer (Individual Services)
3. Gardener / Park Cleaner
4. Street Cleaner
5. Mobile Vehicle Wash Worker
6. Kitchen Worker
7. Kitchen Utensil Cleaner
8. Warehouse Worker
9. Shelf Stocker
10. Loader and Unloader
11. Animal-Drawn Cart Driver
12. Delivery Bicycle Rider
13. Handcart Operator
14. Workshop Worker
15. Product Sorting Worker
16. Manufacturing Worker
17. Labeling Worker
18. Packing and Packaging Worker
19. Demolition Worker
20. Concrete Mixing Worker
21. Construction Laborer
22. Cemetery Worker
23. Excavation Worker
24. Asphalt Worker
25. Road Maintenance Worker
26. Construction Worker
27. Quarry Worker
28. Mine Worker
29. Fisherman / Fishery Worker
30. Fish Farm Worker
31. Forest Firefighting Worker
32. Grazing Worker
33. Forestry Worker
34. Nursery Worker
35. Landscaping Worker
36. Agricultural and Livestock Farm Worker
37. Egg Hatchery Worker
38. Stable Worker
39. Poultry Farm Worker
40. Animal Farm Worker
41. Agricultural Pest Control Worker
42. Agricultural Worker
43. Water Tank Cleaning Worker
44. Train Cleaning Worker
45. Ship Cleaning Worker
46. Aircraft Cleaning Worker
47. Vehicle Cleaning Worker
48. Curtain Cleaning Worker
49. Carpet and Rug Cleaning Worker
50. Ironing Worker
51. Laundry Worker
52. Office and Facility Cleaner
53. Hotel Housekeeping Worker
54. Domestic Cleaning and Household Service Worker
55. Waste Collection Worker
56. Waste Sorting Worker
57. Swimming Pool Cleaner
58. Window Cleaner
59. Mosque Caretaker
60. Ticket Checker
61. Meter Reader
62. Porter
63. Messenger
64. Food Preparation Assistant
65. Street Vendor
66. Mobile Service Worker
67. Animal Care Worker
68. Tree Planting Worker
69. Irrigation Worker
70. Harvesting Worker
71. Farming Worker
72. Agricultural Packing Worker
73. General Service Worker
74. Manufacturing Technician
75. Internal Transport Worker
76. Production Assistant
77. Elementary Worker
Notes
If an employee receives a salary above the approved threshold and performs duties requiring a higher skill level, the occupational title must be corrected to the appropriate classification.
Occupations classified as Elementary Occupations cannot be registered with a monthly salary exceeding SAR 10,000.
