2026 年 7 月 1 日，美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）发布官方声明，拒绝按原有条款自动延期《美墨加协定》（USMCA），协定正式启动长达十年的年度复审机制，若十年内未达成修订版本，将于 2036 年失效。美方在汽车产业核心谈判中抛出颠覆性原产地新规，该诉求已在 2025 年底 USTR 联邦公报征询文件中公示。新规要求享受北美零关税的整车北美零部件价值占比提升至 82%，并强制 50% 整车价值产自美国本土，加拿大零部件无法计入此项考核。
On July 1, 2026, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) released an official statement refusing automatic extension of USMCA under original terms. The agreement activated a 10-year annual review mechanism and will lapse in 2036 if revised terms cannot be agreed within the decade. The disruptive automotive origin rule proposal was disclosed in USTR's Federal Register public consultation document issued in late 2025. Under the proposal, vehicles eligible for North American tariff-free treatment need to meet an 82% North American regional content threshold, plus a mandatory 50% US-sourced value requirement, with Canadian parts excluded from calculation.
墨西哥经济部长马塞洛・埃布拉德在 2026 年 5 月 30 日官方新闻发布会上确认美方提案细节。墨方理解美方缩减贸易逆差的诉求，但明确否决这套严苛规则，并预警该政策将冲击本国支柱型汽车出口产业。墨西哥经济部的谈判底线为维持现行 75% 区域价值含量标准，同时要求美方撤销《1962 年贸易扩张法》第 232 条款针对墨西哥汽车钢材、铝材原材料征收的进口关税。
Mexican Minister of Economy Marcelo Ebrard confirmed full details of the US proposal during an official press conference on May 30, 2026. While Mexico acknowledges US concerns over the trade deficit, it firmly rejects the harsh new rules, warning they will severely damage Mexico's pillar automotive export sector. Mexico's official negotiation baseline is to retain the existing 75% RVC benchmark and demand the US repeal Section 232 tariffs on Mexican auto steel and aluminum inputs.
美墨第三轮汽车专项双边谈判定于 2026 年 7 月 20 日在墨西哥城举行。墨西哥汽车工业协会（AMIA）发出预警，新规将迫使所有在墨整车制造企业（包含多家中国新能源车企）投入数十亿美元重构北美零部件供应链，显著抬高企业生产成本，推动全球近岸外包产业链重新调整布局。
The third round of bilateral automotive negotiations will take place in Mexico City the week of July 20, 2026. The Mexican Automotive Industry Association (AMIA) warned that the new rules will force automakers operating in Mexico (including numerous Chinese new energy vehicle brands) to invest billions of US dollars to restructure North American supply chains, drastically raising production costs and reshaping global nearshoring arrangements.
信息来源 Source
1. 美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）《联邦公报》官方公告；
Official Federal Register Notice issued by USTR;
2. 墨西哥经济部官方新闻通稿；
Official Press Release of Mexico Ministry of Economy;
3. 路透社产业独家报道；
Reuters Industrial Exclusive Report;
4. 凤凰网汽车，2026 年 7 月 2 日
Ifeng Auto, July 2, 2026
官方原文链接 Official Links
MEXCHAM continues building bridges between Mexico and China.
中国墨西哥商会将继续作为墨西哥与中国之间的桥梁，不断努力。
Cámara de Comercio de México en China
(MEXCHAM) 中国墨西哥商会
