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2026年6月3日，美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）发布《关于各国/地区未能实施和有效执行禁止进口强迫劳动产品的第301条调查结果及拟议措施》，根据Section 301调查，提议对 60 个经济体的进口商品征收额外301关税。
计划执行的关税方案如下：
对 14 个国家/地区征收 10% 额外301关税
分别是：加拿大、厄瓜多尔、欧盟、印度尼西亚、墨西哥、巴基斯坦、阿根廷、孟加拉国、柬埔寨、萨尔瓦多、危地马拉、马来西亚、中国台湾省、英国。
理由是上述经济体虽已实施强迫劳动产品进口禁令，但未有效执行禁令。通过互惠贸易协定承诺实施并执行该禁令，或者已实施部分管制措施以阻止某些强迫劳动产品进口的经济体。
（具体可见附件第10页相关内容）
对其余 46 个国家/地区征收 12.5% 额外301关税
分别是：中国大陆、中国香港、越南、阿尔及利亚、安哥拉、澳大利亚、巴哈马、巴林、巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加、多米尼加共和国、埃及、圭亚那、洪都拉斯、印度、伊拉克、以色列、日本、约旦、哈萨克斯坦、科威特、利比亚、摩洛哥、新西兰、尼加拉瓜、尼日利亚、挪威、阿曼、秘鲁、菲律宾、卡塔尔、俄罗斯、沙特阿拉伯、新加坡、南非、韩国、斯里兰卡、瑞士、泰国、特立尼达和多巴哥、土耳其、阿拉伯联合酋长国、乌拉圭、委内瑞拉。
理由是上述经济体未实施且未有效执行强迫劳动产品进口禁令。
（具体可见附件第4-5页相关内容）
豁免产品：
附件列出了豁免上述额外关税的产品，主要包括：
部分农产品（如牛肉、咖啡、香料、水果）
药品、疫苗、维生素
化学品、聚合物、橡胶、木材
航空器及其零件
部分电子元器件、光学仪器
金银等贵金属
化肥、矿产品、纸张、纺织品等（部分有“航空器”限定）
这标志着美国准备对全球 60 个经济体以“未禁止强迫劳动进口”为由，广泛加征301关税。
上述301关税措施最快将在 7 月落地生效。
受影响国家/地区和企业可在规定期限内提交意见或申请听证。
相关附件下载：
FRN - Section 301 Forced Labor Import Ban Actionabilty and Proposed Action 6-2-26 FINAL.pdf
June 02, 2026
WASHINGTON — Today, the United States Trade Representative determined under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 that the acts, policies, and practices of 60 economies related to the failure to impose and effectively enforce a prohibition on the importation of goods produced with forced labor is unreasonable and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce, and are thus actionable under Section 301(b) of the Trade Act. The Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) has prepared a comprehensive report, Acts, Policies, and Practices of Various Economies Related to the Failure to Impose and Effectively Enforce a Prohibition on the Importation of Goods Produced with Forced Labor, that supports the findings in each investigation.
“The failure of our most important trading partners to address the importation of goods made with forced labor is unacceptable. This creates a dynamic where American workers are forced to compete globally on an unlevel playing field,” said Ambassador Jamieson Greer. “We will no longer tolerate this disparity. Some trading partners have taken initial steps to prevent the importation of forced labor goods, including through USMCA and commitments in Agreements on Reciprocal Trade. However, each of our trading partners must do more to ensure that trade does not perversely encourage and entrench forced labor globally.”
As a result of these determinations in the investigations, the U.S. Trade Representative has proposed responsive action for public comment.
Specifically, the U.S. Trade Representative proposes additional duties on all products of the investigated economies, except as provided in Annex A to the Federal Register notice. For economies that impose a forced labor import prohibition, that have committed to impose and enforce such a prohibition through an Agreement on Reciprocal Trade, or economies that have imposed a partial regime with the effect of preventing the importation of certain forced labor goods, the U.S. Trade Representative proposes 10% as the rate of additional duties. For all other economies, the U.S. Trade Representative proposes 12.5% as the rate of additional duty. The U.S. Trade Representative also proposes a textile mechanism that would allow for a certain volume of apparel and textile imports from certain economies to enter the United States at a reduced Section 301 tariff rate.
To be assured of consideration, interested persons should submit requests to appear at the hearings, along with a summary of testimony by June 22, 2026.
Written comments are due by July 6, 2026.
USTR will hold hearings about the proposed actions in these investigations on July 7, 2026.
A copy of the Report is available here.
A copy of the Federal Register notice setting out the U.S. Trade Representative’s actionability determination and proposed actions is available here.
A docket for comments regarding the investigations will be available here.
A docket for requests to appear at the public hearings to be held in connection with these investigations will be available here.
Background
Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (Trade Act), is designed to address unfair foreign acts, policies, or practices affecting U.S. commerce. Section 301 may be used to respond to unjustifiable, unreasonable, or discriminatory foreign government acts, policies, or practices that burden or restrict U.S. commerce. Under Section 302(b) of the Trade Act, the Trade Representative may self-initiate an investigation under Section 301.
On March 12, 2026, the U.S. Trade Representative initiated 60 investigations related to the failure of various economies to impose and effectively enforce a prohibition on the importation of goods produced with forced labor.
Pursuant to Section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Trade Act, USTR provided the public and interested persons with opportunities to present their views through a public comment process and through a public hearing. USTR received testimony of nearly 60 witnesses and 500 comments and rebuttal comments.
The U.S. Trade Representative today has determined that the failure of each of the 60 investigated economies to impose and effectively enforce a forced labor import prohibition is unreasonable or discriminatory and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce, and thus is actionable under Section 301(b)(1) of the Trade Act. In particular, the U.S. Trade Representative determined:
The following 54 economies have failed to impose and effectively enforce a prohibition on the importation of goods produced with forced labor:
Algeria; Angola; Argentina; Australia; the Bahamas; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Brazil; Cambodia; Chile; China, People’s Republic of; Colombia; Costa Rica; Dominican Republic; Egypt; El Salvador; Guatemala; Guyana; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; India; Iraq; Israel; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kuwait; Libya; Malaysia; Morocco; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Nigeria; Norway; Oman; Peru; the Philippines; Qatar; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Singapore; South Africa; South Korea; Sri Lanka; Switzerland; Taiwan; Thailand; Trinidad and Tobago; Türkiye; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; Uruguay; Venezuela; and Vietnam.
The following six economies have failed to effectively enforce a prohibition on the importation of goods produced with forced labor: Canada; Ecuador, the European Union; Indonesia; Mexico; and Pakistan.
Therefore, all of the investigated economies have failed both to impose a forced labor import prohibition and to effectively enforce such a prohibition.
The failure of each of the investigated economies to impose and effectively enforce a forced labor import prohibition is unreasonable because it: (1) undermines the universal aim of eliminating forced labor; (2) permits firms that avail themselves of forced labor to produce goods at lower cost and thereby distort market conditions for firms that do not use forced labor; (3) undermines the profitability of firms that do not use forced labor; and (4) contributes to the circumvention of existing forced labor import prohibitions.
The failure of each of the above-listed economies to impose and effectively enforce a forced labor import prohibition burdens or restricts U.S. commerce by subjecting U.S. producers to unfair competition from forced labor goods both in export markets and the U.S. market, and by displacing foreign goods produced without forced labor or forced labor inputs into the United States and other markets.
The U.S. Trade Representative has also determined to propose responsive actions in these investigations. As set out in the Federal Register notice, the public is invited to provide written comments by July 6, 2026, on the proposed actions.
USTR will hold hearings about the proposed actions on July 7, 2026. As set out in the Federal Register notice, interested persons are invited to submit requests to appear at the hearing by June 22.
上述英文粗略翻译如下（仅供参考）：
2026年6月2日
华盛顿——今日，美国贸易代表根据《1974年贸易法》第301条裁定：60个经济体在未能实施并有效执行禁止进口使用强迫劳动生产商品方面的相关行为、政策及做法均属不合理，并对美国商业造成负担或构成限制；因此可依据该法第301(b)条提起诉讼。美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）已编制了题为《各经济体因未能实施并有效执行禁止进口使用强迫劳动生产商品而采取的行为、政策及做法》的全面报告，以支持各项调查结论。
“我们最重要的贸易伙伴未能解决强制劳动生产商品的进口问题，这是不可接受的。这种状况导致美国工人被迫在全球不公平的竞争环境中挣扎，”贾米森·格里尔大使表示，“我们绝不会容忍这种不平等现象。部分贸易伙伴已采取初步措施防止强制劳动产品进口，包括通过《反海外腐败法》（USMCA）及《互惠贸易协定》中的承诺条款。但我们的每个贸易伙伴都必须进一步努力，确保贸易不会反而助长并固化全球范围内的强迫劳动现象。”
基于调查中的上述结论，美国贸易代表已提出相应的应对措施，并征求公众意见。
具体而言，美国贸易代表提议对所有受调查经济体的产品征收额外关税，但联邦公报公告附件A中规定的例外情况除外。对于实施强制劳动进口禁令、承诺通过互惠贸易协定实施并执行此类禁令、或已实施可有效阻止特定强制劳动产品进口的部分管制措施的经济体，美国贸易代表建议将附加关税税率定为10%；对于其他所有经济体，则建议征收12.5%的附加关税。此外，美国贸易代表还提出了一项纺织品优惠政策：允许来自特定经济体的一定数量服装及纺织品进口商品以降低后的第301条关税税率进入美国市场。
为确保获得审理机会，相关人士应于2026年6月22日前提交出席听证会的申请及证词摘要。
书面意见须于 2026 年 7 月 6 日前提交。
美国证券交易委员会（USTR）将于2026年7月7日就这些调查中的拟议措施举行听证会。
报告副本可在此处获取。
载明美国贸易代表行动可能性认定及拟采取措施的《联邦公报》通知副本可在此处查阅。
有关调查工作的意见征询文件可在此处查阅。
有关这些调查所涉公开听证会的出庭申请清单可在此处查阅。
背景
经修订的《1974年贸易法》第301条（以下简称《贸易法》）旨在应对影响美国商业的不公平外国行为、政策或做法。该条款可用于应对那些不合理、不公正或具有歧视性的外国政府行为、政策或做法，这些行为或做法会阻碍或限制美国商业的发展。根据《贸易法》第302(b)条规定，贸易代表可自行依据第301条启动调查程序。
2026年3月12日，美国贸易代表办公室就多个经济体未能实施并有效执行禁止进口使用强迫劳动生产商品的规定，启动了60项调查。
根据《贸易法》第304(b)(1)(A)条的规定， USTR 通过公开意见征询程序和公开听证会，为公众及相关方提供了表达意见的机会。 USTR 共收到近60名证人的证词以及500份意见书和反驳意见书。
美国贸易代表今日认定，受调查的60个经济体均未能实施并有效执行强制劳动进口禁令，这种做法既不合理且具有歧视性，同时给美国商业带来负担或造成限制；因此可根据《贸易法》第301(b)(1)条提起诉讼。具体而言，美国贸易代表认定：
以下54个经济体未能实施并有效执行禁止进口使用强迫劳动生产商品的规定：
阿尔及利亚；安哥拉；阿根廷；澳大利亚；巴哈马；巴林；孟加拉国；巴西；柬埔寨；智利；中华人民共和国；哥伦比亚；哥斯达黎加；多米尼加共和国；埃及；萨尔瓦多；危地马拉；圭亚那；洪都拉斯；中国香港；印度；伊拉克；以色列；日本；约旦；哈萨克斯坦；科威特；利比亚；马来西亚；摩洛哥；新西兰；尼加拉瓜；尼日利亚；挪威；阿曼；秘鲁；菲律宾；卡塔尔；俄罗斯；沙特阿拉伯；新加坡；南非；韩国；斯里兰卡；瑞士；中国台湾地区；泰国；特立尼达和多巴哥；土耳其；阿拉伯联合酋长国；英国；乌拉圭；委内瑞拉；越南。
以下六个国家/地区未能有效实施禁止进口使用强迫劳动生产商品的规定：加拿大；厄瓜多尔；欧盟；印度尼西亚；墨西哥；以及巴基斯坦。
因此，所有受调查经济体均未能实施强制劳动进口禁令，也未能有效执行此类禁令。
各被调查经济体均未能实施并有效执行强制劳动进口禁令，这种做法是不合理的，原因如下：(1)违背了消除强制劳动这一普遍目标；(2)允许使用强制劳动的企业以更低成本生产商品，从而扭曲未使用强制劳动企业的市场环境；(3)损害了未使用强制劳动企业的盈利能力；(4)助长了规避现有强制劳动进口禁令的行为。
上述各经济体均未能实施并有效执行强制劳动进口禁令，这不仅使美国生产商在出口市场及国内市场均面临来自使用强制劳动产品带来的不公平竞争压力，还阻碍了那些未采用强制劳动或强制劳动要素生产的外国商品进入美国及其他市场，从而对美国商业造成严重制约。
美国贸易代表已决定针对这些调查提出相应的应对措施。根据《联邦公报》公告所述，公众受邀于2026年7月6日前就拟议措施提交书面意见。
美国证券交易委员会（USTR）将于2026年7月7日就拟议措施举行听证会。根据《联邦公报》公告规定，相关人士可于6月22日前提交出席听证会的申请。
