抖音热潮在中国兴起，它的海外版本TikTok也在大洋彼岸大受欢迎。不过，在TikTok上有不法之徒，他们给青少年和儿童用户发送不良消息，近期TikTok还在印度被下架。青少年儿童上网安全如何保证？请跟随Quriosity一探究竟～
本文共3085字
阅读约需10分钟
Video-sharing app TikTok is failing to suspend the accounts of people sending sexual messages to teenagers and children, a BBC investigation has found.
一项BBC的调查表明，视频分享app TikTok 平台上存在向青少年儿童发送色情信息的不法账号，但是平台并未冻结这些账号。
Hundreds of sexually explicit comments have been found on videos posted by children as young as nine.
在孩子们发布的视频下面，有数以百计的色情露骨评论，最小的视频发布者只有9岁。
While the company deleted the majority of these comments when they were reported, most users who posted them were able to remain on the platform, despite TikTok's rules against sexual messages directed at children.
当这一问题被举报后，该公司删除了大部分这类评论。尽管 TikTok有禁止对儿童发送色情消息的规定，但大多数发布这些评论的用户都没有被冻结。
TikTok says that child protection is an "industry wide-challenge" and that promoting a "safe and positive app environment" remains the company's top priority.
TikTok 表示, 儿童保护是一个 "全行业都面临的挑战"，同时，促进 "安全和向上的app使用环境" 的建立一直是公司的首要任务。
England's Children's Commissioner Anne Longfield says she will request a meeting with TikTok to discuss the findings of the BBC's investigation.
英国的儿童事务专员Anne Longfield表示她将会就BBC的调查约谈TikTok。
"I want children to be able to enjoy everything that the app can offer, but we need to make sure that those responsibilities are taken seriously," she says.
她说: "我希望孩子们能够享受到app所提供的一切, 但我们需要确保有人在尽职地承担这些责任。"
TikTok has become hugely popular with teenagers. It allows people to post short videos of themselves lip-syncing and dancing to their favourite songs, performing short comedy skits or completing challenges.
TikTok 在青少年中已经非常流行。在这个平台上，人们可以发布短视频。视频中，他们表演对口型唱歌、跳舞、表演喜剧或完成挑战。
The company says it has more than 500 million monthly active users around the world, but TikTok refused to tell the BBC how many of those are in the UK.
TikTok声称他们在全球有超过5亿月活用户, 但拒绝告诉BBC英国用户的数量。
Over three months, BBC Trending collected hundreds of sexual comments posted on videos uploaded by teenagers and children. We reported the comments to TikTok using the same tools available to any user of the app.
三个多月来，BBC Trending在青少年和儿童上传的视频中收集到了数百条色情评论。我们通过TikTok上的举报工具向平台举报了这些评论。
TikTok's community guidelines forbid users from using "public posts or private messages to harass underage users" and say that if the company becomes "aware of content that sexually exploits, targets, or endangers children" it may "alert law enforcement or report cases".
TikTok的社区准则禁止用户通过“公共帖子或私信来骚扰未成年用户”，并说如果公司“发现性侵犯儿童，以儿童为目标或者危害儿童的色情内容”，它可能会“提醒执法部门或上报该案件”。
While the majority of sexual comments were removed within 24 hours of being reported, TikTok still failed to remove a number of messages that were clearly inappropriate for children.
虽然大多数色情评论在被举报后24小时内被删除，但TikTok仍未能删除一些明显不适合儿童的信息。
And even though many of the comments themselves were taken down, the vast majority of accounts that had sent sexual messages were still active on the app.
而且即使许多评论本身被删除，绝大多数发送色情信息的帐户仍然在app上活跃着。
The BBC was also able to identity a number of users who, again and again, approached teenage girls online to post sexually explicit messages on their videos.
BBC还确认了一些用户的身份，这些用户多次在网上接近十几岁的女孩，在她们的视频下面发布露骨的色情信息。
"These are individuals who are using these platforms to try to get access in some way to young children," says Ms Longfield, the children's commissioner.
儿童事务专员Longfield表示:“这些人利用这些平台，设法接近儿童。”
While many users hide behind anonymous profiles to send disturbing messages, others (often adult men) use what appear to be their real names and photos and upload their own videos on the app.
虽然许多用户躲在匿名个人资料后面发送骚扰信息，但还有人(通常是成年男性)使用的似乎是他们的真实姓名和照片，并将自己的视频上传到该应用程序上。
And while our investigation focused on sexually explicit comments, we also found instances where children were sent threatening or violent messages.
虽然我们的调查集中在色情露骨评论上，但我们也发现了儿童收到威胁或暴力信息的案例。
Chris has a 10-year-old son who went on TikTok in January, without his parents' knowledge.
Chris有一个10岁的儿子，今年1月他在父母不知情的情况下登陆了TikTok。
One day, TikTok messages began popping up on his son's phone. "They were like 'do not ignore me', swearing... 'I know who you are and I'll come and get you'," Chris recalls.
一天，他儿子的手机开始收到Tiktok的信息。“他们说‘别装看不见’，还骂着人……‘我知道你是谁，我会来找你的，’” Chris回忆道。
The sender was an adult male. While he had not included any sexual content in his messages, Chris wonders: "If [my son] had started engaging in conversation, what could have been next?"
这些信息的发送者是一名成年男性。虽然他的信息中没有任何色情内容，但Chris想知道:“如果(我的儿子)和他聊下去，接下来会发生什么?”
Chris has since deleted the app from his son's phone and informed his school of the incident.
Chris已经从他儿子的手机上卸载了这款应用，并将此事通知了儿子的学校。
"It's disgusting," he says. "TikTok's got a responsibility now and if people are getting on there and seeing messages like this should be contacting the police at the very least."
“这太恶心了，”他说。“TikTok现在难辞其咎，如果人们在TikTok上看到这样的信息，至少应该联系警方。”
Emily Steers and Lauren Kearns, from Northamptonshire, are both 15 years old. Together, they run a TikTok channel with more than a million followers.
Emily Steers和Lauren Kearns今年15岁，来自北安普敦郡。她们共同运营着一个拥有100多万粉丝的TikTok频道。
"People come up to us and ask for pictures... It's really weird", Lauren says.
“人们会来找我们要照片……这真的很奇怪，”Lauren说。
They say most of the messages they get from their fans online are harmless, but among the hundreds of comments posted on their videos, we also found sexual messages.
他们说，他们从粉丝那里得到的大多数信息都是无害的，但在他们视频底下的数百条评论中，我们也发现了色情信息。
As part of our investigation, we reported one of them to TikTok, but after 24 hours the company had failed to take down the comment or remove the user who posted it.
作为调查的一部分，我们向TikTok举报了其中一名用户，但24小时后，该公司并未移除该评论，也没有删除发布该评论的用户。
"It is a bit worrying," says Emily's father, Mark. "When they do catch people saying bad things or sexual things, they should have the power to block them or actually take them away straightaway."
“这有点令人担心，” Emily的爸爸Mark说。“当他们发现有人在谈论不好的东西或色情内容时，他们应该有权力将这些内容屏蔽掉，或者直接把它们删除。”
Earlier this year, TikTok was hit with a $5.7m (£4.3m) fine in the US after it was found to have illegally collected personal information of children under 13 who had been using the app.
今年早些时候，TikTok被查出非法收集使用该软件的13岁以下儿童的个人信息，并因此被处以570万美元（合430万英镑）的罚款。
The case highlighted how easy it had become for young children to join TikTok, despite the company's terms of use which say that 13 is the minimum age to join the platform.
这一案件表明，尽管TikTok的使用条款中规定用户必须年满13岁，年幼的孩子仍能轻而易举地加入该平台。
As a result of the fine, TikTok has been asking users in the US to verify their age by sending the company identification.
遭受罚款之后，TikTok要求美国用户通过发送身份证明的方式来证实自己的年龄。
In the course of our investigation, the BBC came across several accounts run by children under 13 - some as young as nine. TikTok has no plans to start verifying the age of users in the UK, or anywhere outside of the United States.
在调查期间，BBC发现了数个由13岁以下儿童运营的TikTok账号，其中有的用户只有9岁。TikTok并未打算在英国及其他美国以外的国家核查用户的年龄。
In the UK, the Information Commissioner's Office told the BBC it is investigating TikTok, but did not provide further details about the focus of their investigation.
英国信息专员办公室告诉BBC，他们正在对TikTok进行调查，但并未提供关于其调查焦点的更多细节。
And in India, a court ruling on Wednesday asked the government to ban TikTok because of concerns about "pornography" and child protection.
在本周三的一场法庭裁决中，出于大众对“色情信息”与儿童保护的关切，印度政府被要求封杀TikTok。
"We need to have robust age verification tools in place," says Damian Collins MP, chairman of the Commons Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee. "The age policies are meaningless if they don't have the ability to really check whether people are the age or not.
公共数字、文化、媒体和体育委员会主席、国会议员Damian Collins说：“我们需要采取强有力的年龄核实措施。如果无法核实人们的真实年龄，年龄限制的政策就形同虚设。”
"We've been discussing content regulation with a number of different social media companies and will certainly be taking a good look at what's been happening at TikTok," he says.
他说：“我们一直在与多家社交媒体运营公司讨论关于内容管制的问题，也肯定会好好审视此次TikTok事件。”
TikTok declined the BBC's request for an interview.
TikTok拒绝了BBC的采访请求。
In a statement, the company said: "We are committed to continuously enhancing our existing measures and introducing additional technical and moderation processes in our ongoing commitment to our users."
该公司在一份声明中称：“我们致力于不断优化现有的措施，并引入其他技术上的及人工的内容审查方法来恪守对用户的承诺。”
"We take escalating actions ranging from restricting certain features up to banning account access, based on the frequency and severity of the reported content. In addition, we have multiple proactive approaches that look for potentially problematic behaviour and take action including terminating accounts that violate our Terms of Service."
“我们将根据被举报内容出现的频率及危害性，对用户进行禁用部分功能甚至封号的处罚。此外，我们也将主动采用多样的措施，找出潜在的不当行为，并采取包括封禁那些违反用户条款的账号在内的举措。”
TikTok says it uses a combination of technology and human moderation to remove content. The company refused to say how many moderators it employs.
TikTok声称他们采用了技术与人工相结合的审核措施来移除相关内容，但拒绝透露其雇用审核人员的人数。
The Children's Commissioner for England told the BBC that she will seek a meeting with TikTok to discuss the findings of our investigation. And she also says parents have a key role to play in keeping their children safe online.
英国儿童事务专员告诉BBC，她会与TikTok公司的相关人员会面来讨论BBC的调查结果。她也指出，父母在保护孩子上网安全方面发挥着关键作用。
"So much is often hid in the comments for many of these things and that's actually where the danger can lie," Anne Longfield says. "Be very proactive, complain about it to the company and demand action."
Anne Longfield说：“危险可能正潜伏于评论区中，那里时常出现不良信息。我们要主动出击，向公司反映并要求其采取行动。”
原文链接 |
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-47813350
编译 | 刘与晨 尹天翼 梁沅
排版 | 梁沅
指导老师 | 刘佳
