因为拒绝向政府提供用户信息的密钥，加密通讯软件telegram在俄罗斯境内被全面封杀？人们为什么在声援Telegram的游行中投掷纸飞机？本期Quriosity带你走近俄罗斯的隐私捍卫战。
年轻人们向空中投出纸飞机，支持被俄罗斯政府屏蔽的聊天应用telegram。（摄影师：Mikhail Tereshchenko）
1. Crowds have gathered in central Moscow to join a protest in support of Telegram messenger, which has recently been banned by Russian authorities. The rally was peaceful, according to police.
游行者们在莫斯科中心集会抗议，声援近期被俄罗斯官方封禁的网络通信软件Telegram messenger。警方称，这是一场和平抗议。
2. Some 7,500 people joined the march and rally in support of the messaging app, which was held on Sakharov Avenue around 2:00pm local time, Moscow police said in a statement. The event, organized by a group of activists, was earlier approved by Moscow City Hall.
莫斯科警方称，游行于当地时间下午2点在马卡洛夫大道举行，约有7500个人参与。这场游行由一群活跃分子策划，在此前已经获得了莫斯科市政厅的许可。
Telegram Messenger has proved popular because of the way it protects messages from scrutiny
Telegram Messenger因为保护用户的信息免受政府的监察而流行。
The demonstrators marched through the street holding placards and banners that read: “Ban is not a solution” and “For the freedom of internet!” At the end of the rally protesters launched paper planes, a symbol associated with the messaging service.
示威者们沿街道游行，手中举着标语牌和横幅，上面写着“封禁不是解决办法”和“为了网络自由”。集会结束时，参与活动的人们放飞了纸飞机——Telegram的标识。
On Saturday, Telegram founder Pavel Durov urged people to attend the rally. Earlier, he also asked his supporters to launch a nationwide protest called ‘digital resistance’ by throwing paper planes.
周六，Telegram的创始人帕维尔·杜罗鼓励大家去参加这场集会。此前，他也呼吁他的支持者们通过扔纸飞机发起一场全国范围的抗议运动，名为“数字的反抗“。
Telegram is the latest social platform to be targeted as the Russian government seeks to exert greater control over online communications.
俄罗斯政府逐渐加强网络管控，Telegram是最近被盯上的一个社交平台。
In mid-April, Russian telecommunications watchdog Roskomnadzor ordered internet providers to restrict access used by the Telegram. The move was taken after the messenger lost a court battle with the security services that demanded it hand over the keys to its clients’ encrypted correspondence.
四月中旬，俄罗斯联邦通信监管局勒令网络服务供应商限制Telegram的使用权限。此前，安全局要求Telegram移交用户加密通信记录的密钥，Telegram在与其对抗的官司中失利。
Russian law requires that owners of internet companies keep records of their clients’ traffic and hand over encryption keys to security officers on demand. Telegram, however, said that handing over encryption keys was technically impossible and refused to comply, prompting the Russian telecommunications watchdog to take action.
俄罗斯法律规定，互联网公司应按要求向安全局官员提供用户的密码，并时刻记录用户的通信内容。然而，Telegram拒绝服从，称移交用户的密码在技术上是难以做到的，这驱使俄罗斯通讯行业的监察部门采取了行动。
Since the start of the procedure, Roskomnadzor blocked millions of IP addresses that were used by the Telegram messenger, but it continues to migrate to new ones and remains accessible to this day. The blocking of IP addresses, however, led to problems with access to various other Russian and foreign internet services.
调查行动开始后，俄罗斯联邦通信监管局已封锁了数百万个Telegram Messenger使用的IP地址，并继续封锁新出现的尚可使用的IP。然而，IP地址的封锁也阻碍了俄罗斯与别国互联网服务的连接。
Earlier, the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) repeatedly said that the Telegram messenger was often used by terrorists. In March, the FSB officers arrested members of an Islamic State (IS, formerly ISIS) “sleeper cell,” who were communicating through Telegram.
早先，俄罗斯联邦安全局多次称恐怖分子常使用Telegram messenger。三月，联邦安全局官员逮捕了数名使用Telegram通信的伊斯兰国（ISIS）“潜伏分子”。
Analyses分析
Similar disputes and threats have been made against major social platforms since legislation passed in 2016, which required messaging services to provide authorities with the capability to decrypt online conversations.
2016年，新通过的法案规定：通信服务商应向政府提供解析网络通信的权限，从这时起，针对主流社交平台的类似争端与威胁不断发生。
The results have been varied.
结果各不相同。
Earlier this year, Instagram agreed to remove certain posts from opposition figure Alexander Navalny under threat of legal action, although Youtube - which is owned by Google - refused to take similar action.
今年早些时候，尽管Google旗下的Youtube拒绝采取类似行动，但是法律诉讼的威力下，Instagram还是同意删除反对派领袖Alexander Navalny（亚历山大·纳瓦尔尼）的一些帖子。
Twitter says it will host Russian user data inside the country following pressure from Moscow. Facebook rejected similar demands.
Twitter表示，在莫斯科方面施压后，它同意把俄罗斯用户的数据中心放在俄罗斯国内。但是Facebook拒绝了此类要求。
Telegram says it cannot comply with this demand because it employs end-to-end encryption.
Telegram称他们采用了端到端加密法，所以无法满足这样的要求。
If Russia pursues the ban, it will need to coordinate with internet service providers (ISPs) to block domains and IP addresses used by the app. This was done in Iran during anti-government protests late in 2017.
如果俄罗斯继续实施这一禁令，它就将和ISP（互联网服务提供商）协调，来封禁该应用程序使用的域名和IP地址。2017年末，伊朗政府在面对反政府抗议时就这么做了。
However, as in Iran, such restrictions can be easily bypassed through the use of a virtual private network (VPN) or proxy server, which can funnel a user's data through a country where the service is not blocked.
然而正如伊朗的情形，虽然使用虚拟专用网络（VPN）或代理服务器，就可以摆脱这些限制，但在使用中，用户的信息会通过开放这项服务的国家泄露出去。
Response from telegram Telegram 的回应
Telegram filed a legal challenge to the demand to hand over the keys soon after it was issued by the FSB. A Moscow court dismissed that lawsuit last month.
Telegram对于俄罗斯联邦安全局（FSB）移交密钥权限的要求提出了法律诉讼。然而，莫斯科的一个法院在上个月驳回了这一诉讼。
The messaging firm has not issued a statement about the legal action but last month creator Pavel Durov said it would not "give up" the private data of its users.
Telegram尚未发布对于法律诉讼的声明，但上个月创始人Pavel Durov表示不会“放弃”保护用户的隐私。
"Telegram will stand for freedom and privacy," he said in a Tweet.
“telegram将捍卫自由和隐私，”他在推特上如是说。
图片来源网络
资料来源：RT news 、BBC news
推荐阅读: https://www.rt.com/politics/425525-moscow-rally-support-telegram/
编辑：曹羽晗
翻译：曹羽晗 糜琪琦 刘曼芳 安然然
