疫情期间，我们更多在室内工作和学习。如果你对在家工作感到烦躁无趣，那么一种设计理念会让你更高效，更快乐，那就是采用“亲生物设计”，将大自然搬进室内！
在今年早些时候，受新冠疫情的影响，MaSovaida Morgan，一位旅行作家，不得不一改往常的“四海为家”，定居在华盛顿特区为硅谷的一家科技公司远程工作。这是36岁的她多年来第一次在一个地方定居超过几个星期，于是她想到了通过室内绿植来给自己的公寓添加一些在她过去的国外探险中经常能发现的宁静。
“我真的没有想太多，”她是这样解释自己新购买的25盆绿植的。“如果我要一辈子都生活在一个大约45平方米的工作室里，那么它必须要是一个我能充满生产力、休息并且找到平静的庇护所。”
“I really didn’t see it as frivolous,” she explains of her 25 newly-purchased plants. “If I’m going to be spending my entire existence in a 450-square-foot studio apartment, then it’s got to be a sanctuary for me where I can be productive, take a break and find peace.”If I’m going to be spending my entire existence in a 450-square-foot studio apartment, then it’s got to be a sanctuary for me where I can be productive – MaSovaida Morgan
根据国家园艺协会的数据，受Instagram上所谓的“绿植博主”数量激增的影响，美国千禧一代的室内绿植销量在2017年-2019年间猛增将近50%，这甚至是发生在疫情之前。
而如今，很多像Morgan一样的人更是将这视为培养最佳居家工作氛围的必要手段。
专家称这种在室内环境中填充室外物品的愿望与“亲生物设计”的流行趋势紧密相关。这种概念旨在通过将人们直接或是间接暴露在自然中来促进生理和心理健康。
Experts say this desire to fill indoor environments with objects from the outdoors ties in to the growing movement toward ‘biophilic design’, which is a concept used to increase wellbeing through both direct and indirect exposure to nature.
在前几年，亲生物设计已经成为主要的办公趋势。亚马逊在其西雅图总部引入了球形温室；微软在华盛顿附近的雷德蒙德开设了树屋会议室; Facebook在其硅谷中心建立了一个将近1万4千平方米的屋顶花园。
由于新冠疫情，全球范围内很多这样的办公室现在都关门了，但这阻止不了远程工作的人们把这个概念带回自己的家里。正是因为新冠疫情，数以百万计的人们现在有机会创造一个他们认为有利于自己身心健康的工作环境。
她解释说：“这是为了将自然的各种形式——包括模式、材料、形状、空间、气味、景观和声音，以不同的尺度纳入城市设计。很多都是常识，因为我们天生可以对自然有所反应，因为我们对自然的联结是与生俱来的，顺应生物演进规律的。有时只需要提醒一下。”
“It’s about bringing nature in all its forms – including patterns, materials, shapes, spaces, smells, sights and sounds – into urban design on varying scales,” she explains. “A lot of it is common sense because we’re innately and evolutionarily hardwired to respond to nature. We just need a reminder sometimes.”
室内植物可能是作用最明显的，尽管强调它们的空气净化能力有些名过其实。在英国和荷兰的两个大型商业办事处，一项一个月的研究数据显示，拥有“绿色”办公室的员工和在缺少绿色植物的办公室的员工相比，生产力高了15%。
Houseplants may be the most obvious starting point – though claims about their supposed air-purifying abilities are more hype than reality. In a months-long study conducted in two large commercial offices in the UK and The Netherlands, data showed that ‘green’ offices with plants made staff 15% more productive than ‘lean’ designs stripped of greenery.
除了增加绿化，Söderlund说，还有其他几个简单的方法来优化家庭办公室，包括利用光线和颜色。自然光支持身体的昼夜节律，调节我们的睡眠周期和激素。那些在无窗或黑暗环境中工作的人通常可以用在整个工作日中的各种照明水平来模仿自然光。
Beyond adding greenery, Söderlund says that there are several other simple additions for optimising a home office, including light and colour. Natural light supports the circadian rhythms of the body, which regulate our sleep-wake cycle, as well as hormones. Those working in a windowless or dark environment can typically mimic natural light by incorporate a variety of lighting levels throughout the workday.
研究表明，某些颜色实际上改变了工作情绪。例如，绿色可以增强创造力，而温暖的黄色或红色可以触发更强的注意力。同样，研究表明，添加具有自然分形图案的艺术品可以成为减少压力的有效方法。
The goal should be to trigger physical, emotional and cognitive responses through nature as well as foster a positive connection with your workplace.
我们的目标应该是通过自然触发身体、情感和认知反应，并与你的工作场所建立积极的联系。
美国一位领先业界的亲生物设计顾问Sonja Bochart说：“当人们设计以户外为灵感的办公空间时，植物通常是主角，但实际上它们是用来唤醒你在自然界中获得的多感官体验。”
Sonja Bochart, a leading biophilic design consultant, says people often begin and end their outdoor-inspired office design with plants, “but it’s really about waking that multisensory experience you get in nature”.
与非节律性感观刺激的相互作用已被证明可以改善血压和心率，并对交感神经系统有利。 Bochart说，您可以通过在窗边种植绿植，或在桌上养条小鱼，来将这种感官体验带到到家庭办公室中。“我还想增添香气，”她说，“打开窗户，点燃烛火或使用一些香精油，都可以得到香气。”
Short interactions with non-rhythmic sensory stimuli have been shown to improve blood pressure and heart rate as well as have positive effects on the sympathetic nervous system. Bochart says you can incorporate this into a home office by adding waving grass outside a window or a fish bowl on a desk.“I also like to advocate for the sense of aroma,” she says, “which you can get by opening a window, lighting a candle or using essential oils.”
她补充说，亲生物设计中最容易被忽视的组成部分之一是大自然的“遗物”。“这些都是简单的东西，例如贝壳，几何形状或石头，它们提供触觉体验，并提醒我们保持小孩子一样的好奇心。”
在Morgan有意用植物，亚麻家具和自然光线改装家庭办公室之前，她从未听说过亲生物设计。她说，这只是让她感觉良好，还有助于在视频通话中向同事投射出舒心的图像。她说：“我希望通过镜头展现出我的状态：身处于一个宜然，安静的空间，既可以提高效率又可以安然休息。”
Morgan, the remote worker in Washington, DC, had never heard of biophilic design before she intentionally staged her home office with plants, linen furniture and ample natural light. She says it simply made her feel good, and also helps to project a soothing image to colleagues on daily video calls. “I want the energy to show through on the camera that I am in a controlled, calm space where I can be productive but also rest and have some serenity,” she says.
在这里，每个工作日都是从自然采光开始，然后她向每一个有名字的植物问好，并将留兰香和柠檬草香氛放入香氛器中。
Each work day starts by letting in natural light, saying hello to the plants (“they’re all named”) and placing a “productivity blend” of spearmint and lemongrass in an essential oil diffuser.
对于在家办公的员工，这种多感官生物体验不仅是赶一次Ins的时髦，还可能是成功的一天的关键。
For the newly homebound employee, this multisensory biophilic experience is not just a trend amplified by Instagram – it could be the key to another successful day.
原文链接：
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/nov/03/mind-boggling-variety-the-food-crusaders-preserving-indias-heritage-aoe
编译 | 陈雨昕 靳晓乐 高嘉忆
排版｜高嘉忆
审核｜赵寒旭
