社交媒体上的同性恋模仿热潮——狂欢背后伤了谁的心？

编者按

TikTok上出现了大量异性恋男性与同性拍摄较为亲密的视频，模仿同性恋人，这些视频获得了极高的关注度与点击量。这是利用大众的猎奇心理骗取点击率，对性少数群体形象的无底线消费吗？还是对于当下异性恋男性之间的关系的一种解构，让男性之间也可以亲密表达朋友间的感情？

仅在十年前，两个年轻男性间做出过于亲密的举动无异于在社交上自断其路。Z世代成长于同性婚姻逐渐合法化的时代。对于他们来说，“男同”并不是再像以前一样是一种侮辱性称呼。

As recently as a decade ago, an intimate touch between two young men might have spelled social suicide. But for Gen Z, who grew up in a time when same-sex marriage was never illegal, being called “gay” is not the insult it once was.

在 TikTok 平台上，年轻男性无拘无束，进一步突破人们对于同性恋行为的常规认识。埃里克·安德森是英国温彻斯特大学男性研究方面的教授，他表示“这是因为他们沉浸于一个恐同情绪不断降低的社会中，虽然他们自己可能并没有意识到这一点。”

Young men on TikTok feel free to push the envelope of homosocial behavior “because they’ve emerged in an era of declining cultural homophobia, even if they don’t recognize it as such,” said Eric Anderson, a professor of masculinity studies at the University of Winchester in England.

当下年轻人以包容的姿态拥抱男性更加温柔的一面，他们正在用这种方式反抗安德森教授所说的“过去年轻一代形成的反男同、反女性化的行为模式”。

By embracing a “softer” side of manliness, they are rebelling against what Mr. Anderson called “the anti-gay, anti-feminine model attributed to the youth cultures of previous generations.”

马克·麦考马克是伦敦罗汉普顿大学社会学家，他主要研究年轻男性群体的性行为。他认为，社会恐同情绪的减弱只是原因之一。他认为，假装自己是同性恋是一种青春期叛逆和对常态的挑战，是年轻异性恋男性宣告他们与自己父辈甚至是与之前的千禧一代的不同之处的方法。

Mark McCormack, a sociologist at the University of Roehampton in London who studies the sexual behavior of young men, thinks that declining homophobia is only one aspect. He believes that pretending to be gay is a form of adolescent rebellion and nonconformity, a way for these young straight men to broadcast how their generation is different from their parents’, or even millennials before them.

福斯特·凡·利尔是一名拥有500,000名粉丝的16岁亚特兰大高中生。他说，在短视频中他轻吻另一名男生的脸颊或向好兄弟“表白”，这让他看起来很酷很时尚。

Foster Van Lear, a 16-year-old high school student from Atlanta with 500,000 followers, said videos showing him kissing a guy on the cheek or confessing feelings for his “bro” make him look cool and dialed-in.

他说：“在新一代眼中，每个人的性别都是流动的，所以男性在和其它同性身体接触或表达感情时不再那么犹豫。不接受这点是很荒谬的。”

“In the new generation everyone is fluid and so men have become less hesitant about physical stuff or showing emotions,” he said. “It would seem ridiculous if you were not OK with it.”

【性别流动理论】根据性别流动理论，在多元性别理论的框架下，每个人的性别认同、性取向还有性别表达都是一个范围，而不是一个点。人们的心理性别并不是”非男即女“，而是具有流动性。

这群基本上是青少年的粉丝并没有对此产生什么疑惑。他们对于此类耽美向视频百看不厌。

There’s no confusion among the mostly teenage fans who can’t seem to get enough of these gay-for-views videos.

埃尔詹·波拉斯是伦敦一家社交媒体营销机构——Yoke Network中负责管理社交媒体意见领袖的负责人。他表示，在此类视频下面评论的大多数是女性。对于两个男性之间挑逗的行为，她们并没有感到被冒犯或者感到困惑，相反，她们觉得这很性感。

Ercan Boyraz, the head of influencer management at Yoke Network, a social media marketing agency in London, said that the vast majority of the commenters are female. And rather than feeling threatened or confused by guys who are being playful with other guys, they find it sexy.

波拉斯表示：“通常直男对于女孩子之间的挑逗很感兴趣，可能对于女孩子来说反之亦成立。”他此前曾经与罗宾逊合作过。

“Straight guys have always been attracted to girls being flirtatious with each other,” said Mr. Boyraz, who has worked with Mr. Robinson. “Girls are just taking the same idea and switching it around.”

这就是所谓的机会均等主义物化。

Call it equal opportunity objectification.

【机会均等主义物化】：指男性和女性都会在异性眼中被物化为性的符号。

与此同时，异性恋男性对此类模仿同性恋的视频也心照不宣。他们可能并不觉得这些视频会煽动情欲，但他们希望模仿TikTok视频中表现出的男性之间毫无顾忌的情感流露。

Meanwhile, straight male fans feel like they are in on the joke. And while they may not find these videos titillating, they want to emulate the kind of carefree male bonding that these TikTok videos portray.

人们甚至为这种直男间超出兄弟情并表现出非性欲的肉体之爱的感情起了一个名字，叫做“兄弟恋”（homiesexual）。在TikTok上搜索“#兄弟恋”的话题会弹出超过4千万的搜索结果。有很多表情包，油管汇编和运动衫上都写着：“这不是同性恋，这是兄弟恋”。

There is even a term to describe straight men who go beyond bromance and display nonsexual signs of physical affection: “homiesexual.” A search of “#homiesexual” pulls up more than 40 million results on TikTok. There are also memes, YouTube compilations, and sweatshirts with sayings like: “It’s not gay. It’s homiesexual.”

尽管如此，这些为了浏览量而拍摄的视频中常常出现两个直男坐在对方的腿上或者欣赏对方臀部的画面。对于某些人来说，尤其是同性恋，这些视频是在过度消费同性恋群体形象。

Still, videos of straight men jumping into one another’s laps or admiring each other’s rear ends for the sake of TikTok views can feel exploitative, especially to gay viewers.

32岁的科尔顿·海恩斯是一名公开出柜的演员，曾参演《少年狼人》。他于三月份在TikTok上就当下“兄弟恋”的潮流表态。他说：“一些异性恋男性在社交媒体上发布类似于‘亲吻兄弟算是同性恋吗’的视频，并且这种玩笑开得很开心。我想告诉这些人：作为一名同性恋者，这并不是一个玩笑。而一个博主不发布模仿同性恋的视频就没有粉丝也没有点赞，那才是天大的笑话。”

Colton Haynes, 32, an openly gay actor from “Teen Wolf,” took to TikTok in March to call out the homiesexual trend. “To all the straight guys out there who keep posting those, ‘Is kissing the bros gay’ videos, and laughing, and making a joke of it: being gay isn’t a joke,” he said. “What is a joke is that you think you would have any followers or any likes without us.”

但是某些同性恋者认为这也是一种进步。

40岁的史蒂芬·丹姆是纽约一家经纪人公司——Art and Commerce的社交媒体预测人。他表示，他一开始认为这些视频要表达恐同主题。但随着越来越多互赞“美丽”的年轻男孩涌入他的TikTok账号，他越认识到“年轻男性对异性恋的定义焕然一新”。

Steven Dam, 40, a social media forecaster for Art and Commerce, a New York talent agency, said he initially assumed that these videos were homophobic. But the more his TikTok feed was populated with young men calling each other “beautiful,” he said, the more he started to recognize that there was “a new kind of definition of heterosexuality for younger men.”

他表示，这些充满肢体接触的视频的火爆“并不仅因为其同性恋内容”，而更多在于“对于男子气概定义的范例性转变，男性间情感的流露不再是羞耻的事情”。

The popularity of these touchy-feely videos, he said, is “less about gayness” and more of a “paradigm shift of some sort for an evolving form of masculinity that is no longer ashamed to show affection.”