Technology
打开家庭相册，一张张老照片将我们的记忆带回从前的岁月。这时如果照片上的TA忽然对你笑了起来，这究竟是惊喜还是惊吓？
MyHeritage
——
“看到他重绽笑颜让我欣喜万分！”来试试我们最新的#DeepNostalgia#照片动画化功能
并准备好大吃一惊吧！！！
#Deep Nostalgia带来了哈利波特魔法
Deep Nostalgia, a new service from the genealogy site MyHeritage that animates old family photos, has gone viral on social media, in another example of how AI-based image manipulation is becoming increasingly mainstream.
家谱网站MyHeritage 推出了一项名为“Deep Nostalgia（深度怀旧）”的新服务，因其能将老照片制作成动画而风靡社交媒体。这也又一次印证了基于人工智能的图像处理技术正日益成为主流。
Launched in late February, the service uses an AI technique called deep learning to automatically animate faces in photos uploaded to the system. Because of its ease of use, and free trial, it soon took off on Twitter, where users uploading animated versions of old family photos, celebrity pictures, and even drawings and illustrations.
二月底推出的这项服务，使用了一种“深度学习”的人工智能技术，来自动为上传到系统中的照片中的人脸制作动画。由于操作简单及免费试用，它很快便在推特上走红。用户们纷纷在推特上分享动画版的家庭老照片、名人照片、甚至是绘画和插图。
Art of Jimbo
——
Deep Nostalgia这个AI软件带着点儿哈利波特式的魔法味儿，但总而言之是令人震撼的。这个动画让一名一战期间的战士“复活”。哇哦。
深度怀旧？深度辣眼？
Like most “deepfakes” – the name for the popular use of this technology to map one person’s face on to footage of another – the service is exceptionally good at smoothly animating features and expressions. But it can also struggle to generate data to fill in the “gaps” in what it can see from the source photos, causing a sense of the uncanny.
像大多数“深伪技术”（一项广泛应用的换脸技术）一样，这项服务在根据面部特征和表情制作出流畅的动画上做得十分出色。但是也可能难以生成数据填补原始照片中可见的“空白”，这也是动画看起来有些怪异的原因。
Not every video created with the service is elegantly animated, or even good enough to be unsettling, of course. An animated version of the infamous bust of Ronaldo, for instance, is exactly as distressing as the static version.
当然，并不是每段视频都看上去赏心悦目，或者完美到以假乱真，让人无法分辨。2017年3月，为了向C罗致敬，葡萄牙马德拉机场正式更名为“克里斯蒂亚诺-罗纳尔多机场”，同时还揭幕了一座C罗新铜像，不过这座铜像因为太辣眼睛而备受吐槽。有人将这座铜像的照片上传至Deep Nostalgia，结果相比之下，动态版本的铜像的魔性效果有过之而无不及。
Jan Smeddinck
——
所以我想知道最近#Deep Nostalgia出的脸部动画化功能对半身塑像有没有用，于是我用修复后的C罗塑像试了试。结果只能被概括为#深度怀旧化身#深度辣眼。祝好梦！:）
换脸技术能否做到以假乱真？
Three years ago, artificially producing a 15-second face-swap of Theresa May and Margaret Thatcher took the Guardian several hours on a powerful desktop computer. Now, the same effect can be done for free with a mobile phone and apps such as Snapchat, or be given away for free as a promotion for a genealogy website.
三年前，为了验证“深伪技术”的成熟度，《卫报》曾花费数小时用一台功能强大的电脑制作了一段撒切尔夫人和特蕾莎·梅的15秒换脸视频。而现在，只需要一部手机以及像Snapchat这样的app，或者是在一些家谱网站的推广页面上就可以免费达到同样的效果。
And while the automatically produced videos of Deep Nostalgia are not likely to fool anyone into thinking they are real footage, more careful application of the same technology can be very hard to distinguish from reality.
尽管由Deep Nostalgia自动生成的视频并不太可能骗过任何人，让人认为那是真实的视频，但如果更加仔细地运用同样的技术仍有可能做到“以假乱真”。
Last month, a new TikTok account named deeptomcruise racked up millions of views with a series of videos that are, it claims, deepfake versions of the actor talking to camera. The Cruise fakes are so accurate that many programmes designed to recognise manipulated media are unable to spot them.
上个月，一个名为“deeptomcruise”的抖音新账号通过一系列汤姆·克鲁斯的视频获得了数百万次的点击量。这些视频都是演员对着镜头表演，后续再进行换脸处理的版本。这些制作出来的视频十分逼真，许多用于识别媒体操纵的程序都无法识别出来。
Deep Fake Cruise
（Before&After：可以看到模仿者Miles Fisher（左）与据此制作出来的Deepfake Cruise（右）的比较）
“Indeed, the results can be controversial and it’s hard to stay indifferent to this technology. This feature is intended for nostalgic use, that is, to bring beloved ancestors back to life. Our driver videos don’t include speech in order to prevent abuse of this, such as the creation of ‘deep fake’ videos of living people.”
谈及这项技术时，MyHeritage网站表示：“动画化的效果的确是有争议的，但用户很难对这项技术无动于衷。我们推出此服务的初衷，是为了缅怀过去的岁月，为了再见一眼已逝至亲的音容笑貌。此外我们的视频驱动中排除了语音功能，正是为了防止利用照片制作虚假视频这类的滥用出现。”
THE END
原文链接：https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/mar/01/deep-nostalgia-creepy-new-service-ai-animate-old-family-photos
编译|王兆隆 余梓骞 常君怡 李艳阳 刘予萌
排版|刘予萌
