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电子烟作为近年资本市场的新宠，被认为是可以帮助烟民戒烟，还对身体没多大伤害，能够有效替代传统香烟的神器。然而，电子烟并不是「无危害」
This year, the United States have been 450 reported cases of lung illness tied to vaping.There have also been at least six deaths across 33 states.
今年，美国报告了450起与电子烟有关的肺部疾病病例。33个州至少有6人死亡。
One of the most shocking stories was of 18-year-old Simah Herman, who posted a picture of herself online after waking up from a medically induced coma.
其中最令人震惊的故事来自18岁的Simah Herman，她在网上发布了一张自己从昏迷中醒来的照片。
After receiving treatment for pneumonia and lung failure, she wants to warn others against using vapes and e-cigarettes.
在接受肺炎和肺衰竭治疗后，她想警告其他人不要使用电子烟。
As well as being linked to lung problems, there have also been reports of vape pens exploding - in rare cases with fatal consequences. Earlier this year, a 24-year-old man from Texas died when his vape pen's battery blew up sending shards of metal into his face and neck and severing an artery.
除了与肺部问题有关外，还有报道称笔式电子烟爆炸虽然发生的可能性很小，但一旦发生就会造成致命后果。今年早些时候，一名来自德克萨斯州的24岁男子的笔式电子烟电池爆炸，爆炸时电子烟的金属碎片插进他的脸部和颈部，切断了动脉，致其死亡。
在帮助戒烟方面，电子烟同样缺乏有效证据。随机临床试验表明，使用电子烟与使用安慰剂的患者在戒烟率上并没有显著差异。
Vaping is seen as safer than smoking because lower levels of the harmful chemicals found in tobacco smoke are produced.However，e-cigarettes are not approved by the FDA as a quit smoking aid.
人们认为，抽电子烟比抽烟更安全，因为电子烟产生的烟雾中有害化学物质的含量较低。然而，美国食品和药物管理局没有批准电子烟作为戒烟的辅助手段。
So far, the research shows there is limited evidence that e-cigarettes are effective for helping smokers quit. But it has a lot of known health risks. Scientists are studying e-cigarettes to understand how using them affects people’s health.
到目前为止，研究表明电子香烟对帮助吸烟者戒烟有效的证据有限。但它的已知健康风险却不少。
以下是医生和研究人员目前了解到的情况:
E-cigarettes usually contain nicotine.Nicotine is what makes tobacco products addictive. Be aware that some e-cigarettes that claim to be nicotine-free have been found to contain nicotine.
电子烟通常含有尼古丁。尼古丁使烟草产品有成瘾性。需要注意的是，一些声称不含尼古丁的电子烟被发现含有尼古丁。
E-cigarettes are harmful for youth, young adults, and pregnant women.The nicotinein e-cigarettes is harmful for developing babies, and can lead to addiction and harm brain development in children and young adults into their early 20s.
电子烟对青少年、年轻人和孕妇有害。电子烟中的尼古丁对婴儿的发育是有害的，并可能导致上瘾，损害儿童和20岁出头的年轻人的大脑发育。
E-cigarettes may contain other harmful substances.While e-cigarettes typically have fewer chemicals than regular cigarettes, they may still contain heavy metals like lead, flavorings linked to lung disease, small particles that can be inhaled deep into the lungs, and cancer-causing chemicals.
电子烟可能含有其他有害物质。虽然电子烟通常比普通香烟含有更少的化学物质，但它们仍可能含有重金属，如铅、与肺部疾病相关的香料、可吸入肺部深处的小颗粒以及致癌化学物质。
Being near someone using an e-cigarette can expose you to the aerosol and the chemicals in it. This is similar to secondhand smoke from regular cigarettes.
靠近使用电子烟的人会让你暴露在烟雾和烟雾中的化学物质中。这类似于二手烟普通香烟。
Are e-cigarettes regulated?
电子烟受到监管吗？
In the US, companies that make or sell e-cigarettes must follow certain Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations. For example, only people age 18 and over are allowed to buy e-cigarettes. Researchers are working hard to gather more information about e-cigarettes and how they are used. This information may lead to additional regulations and could be helpful for informing the public about what’s in e-cigarettes and the potential health risks of using them.
在美国，生产或销售电子烟的公司必须遵守美国食品和药物管理局的某些规定。例如，只有18岁及以上的人才被允许购买电子烟。研究人员正在努力收集更多关于电子烟及其使用方式的信息。这些信息可能会带来额外的规定，并有助于告知公众电子烟的成分以及使用电子烟的潜在健康风险。
Unlike the US, all e-cigarette products in the UK are tightly regulated for quality and safety by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency and they operate the Yellow Card Scheme, encouraging vapers to report any bad experiences.
与美国不同，在英国，所有电子烟产品都受到药品和保健品监管机构(Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency)严格的质量和安全监管，它们实行的是黄牌机制，鼓励消费者举报一切不良经历。
There's no denying that vapes and e-cigarettes are huge right now, with nearly three million UK users. 0According to a 2016 survey, there are about 10 million vapers in the US and nearly half of those are under 35, with 18-24-year-olds the most regular users. Electronic cigarette users show a trend of youthfulness.
不可否认的是，电子烟的用户群目前非常庞大，它在英国有近300万用户。而2016年的一项调查显示，美国约有1000万名电子烟使用者，其中近一半年龄在35岁以下， 18岁至24岁的用户最多。
But the injuries have raised alarm, especially in conjunction with surging rates of teen vaping.Two US states, New York and Michigan, have already imposed bans on flavoured e-cigarettes, while Massachusetts has announced a four-month ban on all vaping products.Walmart last week announced it would stop e-cigarette sales, citing the regulatory uncertainty.
但这些伤害已经引起了人们的警惕，尤其是在青少年吸电子烟人数激增的情况下。美国的两个州，纽约和密歇根，已经对有味道的电子烟实施了禁令，而马萨诸塞州则宣布了为期四个月的禁止所有电子烟产品的禁令。沃尔玛上周宣布，将停止销售电子烟，理由是监管方面的不确定性。
电子烟的致病性尚在研究中，电子烟行业预计会遭到更为严格的管制；待标准得到明确，监管得以落实，劣质低级参与者被清理出场，青少年得到保护，市场更加有效运转，行业才能走上更加规范的发展道路。
新闻来源/图片来源：
https://36kr.com/p/5250880
https://www.bbc.com/news/business-49826732
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/sep/15/how-safe-is-vaping-e-cigarettes-deaths-bans
编译：覃安琪 穆沁阳
排版：穆沁阳
指导老师：刘佳