Tiny-house movement
蜗居行动
In the world of home design, a revolution is taking place – and its future is tiny. The buzz around the tiny house trend – an architectural and social movement that advocates for downsizing living spaces – is increasing. Witness the nearly 2.5 million Instagram posts with a "tinyhouse" hashtag; a massive internet following and burgeoning number of documentaries and TV series, such as the Netflix show Tiny House Nation.
家居设计领域正在经历着一场革命——正在走向“蜗居”。“蜗居”正引发越来越多的热议——一种倡导缩小生活空间的建筑层面和社会层面的运动。现在Instagram上有近250万个带有#蜗居#标签的帖子；互联网有大量的追随者，和蜗居有关的纪录片和电视剧也数量激增，如网飞的节目《蜗居国度》。
The Netflix series Tiny House Nation, which explores the small-home lifestyle, has been a huge hit
网飞电视剧《蜗居国度》热度非凡，讲述了蜗居生活
One of the most high-profile of the movement's many champions must be Elon Musk, the multibillionaire Tesla chief. Musk upped the tiny-house ante when he rented one in Boca Chica, Texas, while working on his SpaceX venture. "Feels more homey to live in a small house," he tweeted. Here tiny house refers to "dwelling unit with a maximum of 37 square metres (400 sq ft) of floor area, excluding lofts.", according to the 2018 International Residential Code.
在该运动的众多拥护者中，最引人注目的一定是亿万富翁特斯拉总裁埃隆·马斯克。马斯克在为他的SpaceX公司工作时，在德克萨斯州的Boca Chica租了一间蜗居，这让蜗居的格调一下子提高了。"他在推特上说："住在蜗居里，感觉更有家的感觉。根据2018年国际住宅法规，这里的蜗居是指 "除阁楼外，建筑面积不超过37平方米（400平方英尺）的住宅单元"。
Why it captures the zeitgeist
蜗居为何能抓住时代脉搏
The roots of the tiny house movement can be traced to 19th-Century US naturalist and essayist Henry David Thoreau, whose book Walden (1854) is an inspiring meditation on simple living in natural surroundings. Jay Shafer, the "godfather of tiny houses", spearheaded the modern movement when he built a tiny house on wheels and wrote The Small House Book in 1999.
蜗居运动的根源可以追溯到19世纪的美国自然学家和散文家亨利-大卫-梭罗，他的《瓦尔登湖》（1854年）一书是对自然环境中简单生活的激励性沉思。杰伊-谢弗（Jay Shafer）是 "蜗居教父"，他在1999年建造了一个带轮子的蜗居并撰写了《蜗居之书》，从而引领了现代运动。
“The idea – that having less space and stuff can create room in our lives for more important things – is an appealing one”
"更少的空间和东西，可以让我们的生活中为更重要的事情腾出空间的想法，是充满吸引力的。”
Tiny house fans champion the dwellings' green credentials: they require less material to build, and are energy-considerate – using around 20 to 30% of the energy of most average UK homes, according to the Tiny Housing Co, a UK firm. They can be fitted with solar panels or wind power, so the owner can live off-grid. Being designed for mobility, they can more easily be sited close to nature. Economical, portable, eco-friendly, community-minded, mortgage-free – what's not to like?
蜗居粉丝们拥护这种住宅的环保资质：更少的建材，更少的能耗--根据英国公司Tiny Housing Co的说法，其能耗约为大多数普通英国住宅的20%至30%。它们可以安装太阳能电池板或风力发电，因此房主能自主发电。由于是为移动而设计的，它们可以更容易地被安置在接近自然的地方。经济、便携、环保、有社区意识、无抵押贷款--还有什么不满意的呢？
Chris March is the founder of Tiny Eco Homes, in Northumberland in the UK, and has lived for three years in one of his own designs, with pine cladding inside and a cedar porch. At 7m x 2.5m, it has two bedrooms, two storeys and ceilings high enough so that you can walk around upstairs. It's fitted with "everything my son and I need," he says.
克里斯-马奇是英国诺森伯兰郡 "小生态屋 "的创始人，他已经在自己设计的一个小生态屋里住了三年，里面有松木包层和雪松门廊。7米×2.5米，它有两间卧室，两层楼，天花板足够高，所以你可以在楼上走动。他说："我和我儿子所需要的一切都装在这里。
Allow and build tiny house
接受并建造蜗居
In the US, the tiny house industry is growing fast
在美国，蜗居行业正在快速发展
In other countries, it seems the tiny-house industry is moving faster. In the US, it's estimated 10,000 people live in tiny dwellings. "The tiny house movement is growing," Amy Turnbull, director of the American Tiny House, says that: "As more people advocate their acceptance, more areas will allow them".
在其他国家，蜗居行业似乎发展得更快。在美国，估计有10,000人生活在蜗居。"微小房屋运动正在增长，"美国蜗居房屋主管说：“随着越来越多的人主张接受它们，更多的地区将允许它们存在”。
One of the most high-profile of the move
The movement is moving on apace as small local projects are publicized and shared globally. In the UK, exciting initiatives are forging ahead too. The Tiny House Community Bristol, a non-profit community-benefit housing project in the Sea Mills area, has succeeded in getting support from the city's mayor, and the council have collaborated on writing planning law to make the project happen Rachel Butler, founder and director of the organization, says there are plans for a zero-waste local produce shop, an eco-launderette, plus a workshop space for repairing and making things and a community dining hall.
随着地方性蜗居项目在全球范围内的传播，这一运动正在迅速发展。在英国，布里斯托尔蜗居社区，一个位于海米尔斯地区的非营利性社区福利住房项目，已经成功地获得了该市市长的支持，议会已经合作编写了规划法，以使该项目得以实现。该组织的创始人兼董事Rachel Butler说，将会计划建立一个零废弃的当地农产品商店，一个生态洗衣房，加上一个用于修理和制造东西的车间空间和一个社区餐厅。
“We have seen an explosion in demand [for tiny houses] from people who want to reconnect to nature after being trapped in cities” – David Latimer says, the CEO and founder of New Frontier Design, which was voted best luxury tiny home builder in The Spruce 2020 awards.”
"我们已经看到蜗居需求爆炸性增长，这些人在被困在城市后想要重新与自然联系起来"--大卫-拉蒂默说，他是新前沿设计公司的首席执行官和创始人，该公司在The Spruce 2020奖项中被评为最佳豪华微型房屋建造商。
Compact, space-saving design is important for a small dwelling to be functional
蜗居内紧凑的设计让它麻雀虽小五脏俱全。
And the pandemic has had a marked effect on the market, he says. "We have seen an explosion in demand [for tiny houses] from people who want to reconnect to nature after being trapped in cities." They want the personal and physical, he says, to feel liberated after the confinement of an impersonal, online existence. "This way of living can be so intimate and cosy, comfortable and warm."
他说，新冠对市场产生了明显的影响。“我们已经看到了对蜗居需求的爆炸性增长，这些人在被困在城市之后想要重新与自然联系起来。” 他说，“他们在经历了疫情休闲与社交限制之后，想要亲身实感的感受自由。”这种生活方式可以如此的亲密安心，舒适温暖。"
A simple life in natural surroundings is more achievable with a small dwelling
蜗居让你享受质朴自然环境的怀抱
词汇
Burgeoning 蓬勃发展
Up the ante 加注
例句：
Robust economic data up the ante on policymakers.
Zeitgeist 时代精神，时代思潮
例句：
The Zeitgeist of these centuries operated against the development of a pure science.
Credential 资格
原文链接
https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20211215-why-the-tiny-house-movement-is-big
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiny-house_movement
https://www.homestratosphere.com/tiny-homes-history/
编译 | 赵梦赟
排版 | 赵梦赟
