作为美国首位黑人、南亚裔、女性副总统，哈里斯的的当选有何意义？

拜登—哈里斯组合击败了特朗普—彭斯组合后，卡玛拉•哈里斯即将当选成为美国第一位有着女性、非裔、印度裔身份的副总统。这似乎能为美国政坛带来全新面貌。哈里斯的当选为什么被认为开创了历史？她本人又如何看待这次当选会给女性和黑人群体带来的意义？

11月8日， 卡玛拉·哈里斯成为了美国第一位南亚裔黑人女性副总统当选人。在这场权力角逐的大选落幕后，她代表着一种新的政治势力登上舞台。

在美国过去200多年的历史中，数百万女性常常落选，被体制忽视，不能得到充分代表。而此次哈里斯选举的历史性胜利昭示着这一群体第一次掌握权力。

The California senator's history-making win also represents the millions of women in the demographics -- often overlooked, historically underrepresented and systematically ignored -- who are now the recipients of that new power for the first time in the country's 200-plus-year history.

在CNN宣布他们赢得大选后不久，哈里斯在推特上发布了一段自己与总统当选人乔·拜登的电话视频。“我们成功了，我们成功了，乔。你将成为下一任美国总统，”她说道，并露出标志性的笑容。

正如CNN的预测，哈里斯和拜登的胜利姗姗来迟，延长数天的选票统计反映了当下美国选民的严重割裂。他们的胜选标志着始于美国第一位黑人总统奥巴马卸任后的特朗普时代的终结。这一时期因为其白人至上主义等社会问题而饱受诟病。哈里斯的胜利标志着她不断打破身份藩篱的职业生涯到达一个新高度。她由一名旧金山地方检察官成长为加州首席检察官，之后她成功成为第二位美国黑人女性参议员。

Harris and Biden's victory, as projected by CNN, arrives days after a prolonged vote count reflecting a deeply divided electorate. It symbolizes a bookend to the Trump era, which followed the first Black US President and was buoyed by social ills including White supremacy. Harris' triumph, in particular, marks a new high point in a career of barrier-breaking accomplishments, from San Francisco district attorney to California attorney general to just the second-ever Black female US senator.

11月8日，她第一次以副总统当选人的身份在特拉华州威明顿发表讲话，其中也提到了这一历史性时刻。她表示：“我可能是第一位担任此职的女性，但我一定不是最后一位，因为今晚所有坐在电视机前的小女孩都会认识到这个国家充满机会与希望，这无关性别。我们的国家传达了一个清晰的信号：大胆梦想，坚定去做，发掘别人不曾见过的你。你向前走的每一步都会有我们在你身后鼓掌喝彩。”

On Saturday night, during her first speech as vice president-elect, Harris also noted the historic moment."While I may be the first woman in this office, I will not be the last," she said in Wilmington, Delaware."Because every little girl watching tonight sees that this is a country of possibilities, and to the children of our country, regardless of your gender, our country has sent you a clear message: Dream with ambition, lead with conviction and see yourselves in a way that others may not, simply because they've never seen it before. But know that we will applaud you every step of the way," she said.

哈里斯毕业于霍华德大学。该校位于华盛顿，历史上是一所黑人大学。在学校期间，哈里斯参加了Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc.女生联谊会，这段经历深刻地塑造了她的政治视野。

她在九月份接受CNN采访时表示：“你不需要被其他人对身为黑人意味着什么的看法所限制。你可以是一名美术生，同时也可以是班长。你可以是返校节女王，同时也是科学俱乐部的部长；你可以是女生联谊会会员、学生会成员，同时心怀攻读法学的梦想。这些都激励着你时时刻刻全力以赴。”

“You didn't have to be confined by anyone else's idea of what it means to be Black," she told CNN's in September. "You could be a fine arts student and also be class president.You could be homecoming queen and be the head of the science club. You could be a member of a sorority and be in student government and want to go to law school, and it encouraged you to be your full self."

在白人占统治地位的政治舞台上，作为一名黑人和南亚女性，哈里斯进驻白宫在某种意义上起到了一种先驱作用。

14岁的帕丽斯·邦德在8月接受CNN采访时表示：“这就像是在告诉我，我这样的黑人女孩可以竞选班长，也可以像她那样追求宏伟的事业。”

"It just feels like Black girls like me can run for class president, Black girls like me can go for the big things in life like she did," 14-year-old Paris Bond told CNN in August.

一年后，当看到哈里斯成为民主党总统候选人时，满怀抱负的美国参议员沙得拉赫称这一刻对于像她一样的女孩和妇女来说是“意义重大的一步”。据沙得拉赫说，哈里斯告诉她，“只要我全神贯注，竭尽全力，展现出自己最好的一面，我就能实现目标。”

Seeing Harris on the Democratic presidential ticket a year later, An aspiring US senator Shadrach called the moment a "really big step" for girls and women who look like her. According to Shadrach, Harris told her that "as long as I put my mind to it and I do the best that I can and be like the best version of me, I will be able to accomplish my goals."

哈里斯于1964年出生在加州奥克兰，在父母的影响下，她在民权活动的摇篮中成长。她的母亲沙马拉·戈帕兰·哈里斯是一位印度移民，也是一位乳腺癌研究人员，于2009年死于癌症。哈里斯的父亲唐纳德是牙买加裔的美国经济学教授。在竞选活动中，哈里斯经常谈到她的父母曾推着婴儿车里的她进行民权游行。但他们二人于1972年离婚。

Harris was born in Oakland, California, in 1964, to parents who raised her in a bassinet of civil rights activism.Her mother, Shyamala Gopalan Harris, an Indian immigrant, was a breast cancer researcher; she died of cancer in 2009. Harris' father, Donald, is a Jamaican American professor of economics. On the campaign trail, the vice president-elect often talked about how her activist parents would push her in her stroller at civil rights marches. The couple divorced in 1972.

哈里斯在旧金山湾区长大，但她常常去印度探亲。在参加竞选期间，哈里斯经常谈到她与母亲有多亲密无间。

1986年，哈里斯从霍华德大学本科毕业。1989年，她从加州大学黑斯廷斯法学院毕业，第二年她通过了律师资格考试，并加入阿拉米达县检察官办公室，担任地区助理检察官。她的政治生涯从此开始。

2003年，哈里斯成功竞选并担任旧金山地区检察官，成为加利福尼亚州第一位任该职的黑人女性。2010年，她成为第一位黑人女性加州首席检察官。2016年，她成为了美国第二位黑人女性参议员。

在竞选总统初期，她经常谈到她过去打破种族性别藩篱的经历。

She often spoke of her barrier-breaking life during her presidential primary campaign.

当然，哈里斯所代表着的远远超越了她的性别和种族。但她的存在本身就能让人们想起她为打破藩篱做出的努力，无论是哪个年龄段的人都能在她身上找到自己的影子。

Harris is a lot of things beyond her gender and her race, of course. But her mere presence brings so much with it -- so much to those, of all ages, who see themselves in her.

哈里斯也并不羞于强调自己的成长经历和带来的影响力。她常常穿着她的匡威运动鞋，在竞选活动中给有色人种女性提供机会，诉说她们的生活经历。她极力支持有色人种的小企业主，经常让她们在媒体面前清楚地说出自己公司的名字，这样公司就能被更多的媒体报道。用今天的话来说，是选民觉得自己"被看见了“。随着美国总统就职日的到来，这种对于少数群体的关注会进驻白宫，并且随后少数群体很可能广泛被代表。

Harris isn't shy about highlighting her upbringing or her influences.Often in her Converse sneakers, the former prosecutor made space for women of color to tell their lived experiences during campaign events on the trail. She made a point to prop up women of color small business owners, frequently telling them to say their companies' names clearly in front of the press so they could be included in news stories. Certain voters felt, in today's parlance, seen. And come Inauguration Day, that visibility will extend to the White House and, likely, alchemize into substantive representation.

关于哈里斯历史性胜利的一些推论十分警醒世人。在某些重要方面，她的成功不仅说明了她自己的能力，也指出了很多美国政治体系中的问题。

哈里斯作为第一名黑人南亚裔女性当选美国副总统，这不仅证明了她自身的优秀——比如她作为一名优秀的辩手与迈克·彭斯竞争，但这同时也反映了种族主义和性别歧视对竞选行政职位的有色女性的阻挠。

That Harris is the first female, first Black and first South Asian vice president-elect is both an affirmation of her excellence -- her skill as a debater against Mike Pence, for instance -- and a reflection of the racism and sexism that punish women of color who run for executive office.

尽管本周哈里斯实现了很多个“第一”，但其实将这些“第一人”称为“仅一人”更合适——哈里斯成为了美国唯一的黑人副总统当选人、唯一的南亚裔副总统当选人以及唯一的女性副总统当选人。这种话语框架呈现出的美国并不是那么光彩，但这更加真实。这也暗示着更多的可能性——哈里斯在11月8日的演讲上为众多和她一样的女性打开了新的一扇门，去追寻属于她们的权力。

And while it's true that Harris this week achieved yet more firsts, it's maybe more accurate to describe these firsts as onlys -- she became the only female, only Black and only South Asian vice president-elect.That framing shines a less flattering light on America. But it's more honest. It also hints at possibility -- the possibility that Harris on Saturday opened up the door for women and girls who look like her to follow, to claim power for their own.

哈里斯的母亲所言极是：“哈里斯，你也许是第一个做了这些事的人，但一定要确保你不是最后一个。”